ASTM D1038-11
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
Standard Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
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Designation: D1038 − 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1,2
Veneer and Plywood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in this terminology standard are intended to apply to a family of wood
veneer-based panel products manufactured for use in construction and industrial applications.
1. Scope blemish—anything marring the appearance of the veneer that
is not classifiable as a defect.
1.1 This standard covers a repository of terms and classifi-
cations essential needed for the business of Subcommittee
blister—in plywood, an elevation of the surface of an adherend
D07.03.
(separation between plies), somewhat resembling in shape a
1.2 The terms in this standard pertain to processing and blister on the human skin; its boundaries may be indefinitely
characteristics of wood veneer and plywood products.
outlined and it may have burst or become flattened.
bolt (veneer)—a short log cut to length suitable for peeling in
2. Terminology
a lathe; also block.
adhesive—a substance capable of holding materials together
bond, n—the attachment at an interface between an adhesive
by surface attachment.
and an adherend.
NOTE 1—adhesive is the general term and includes, among others,
cement, glue, mucilage, and paste. All of these terms are loosely used
bond, v—to attach materials together by means of an adhesive.
interchangeably. Various descriptive adjectives are applied to the term
adhesive to indicate certain characteristics as follows:
borer holes—voids made by wood-boring insects.
(1) Physical form, that is, liquid adhesive, tape adhesive
(2) Chemical type, that is, silicate adhesive, resin adhesive
broken grain (shelling, leafing, grain separation)—a sepa-
(3) Materials bonded, that is, paper adhesive, metal-plastic adhesive, can
ration on veneer surface between annual rings.
label adhesive
(4) Conditions of use, that is, hot-setting adhesive
cauls, n—sheets of material employed singly or in pairs in hot
back—the side reverse to the face of a panel, or the poorer side
or cold pressing of assemblies being bonded. Cauls are
of a panel in any grade of plywood calling for a face and
employed usually to protect either the faces or the press
back.
platen or both against marring and staining, to prevent
sticking, to facilitate press loading, or to impart a desired
balanced construction—See under construction.
surface texture or finish, and to provide uniform pressure
banding (railing)—a portion of wood or other material
distribution.
extending around one or more edges of a plywood panel.
NOTE 2—Cauls may be made of any material such as aluminum,
bleed through—adhesive or components of adhesive that have
stainless steel, hardboard, fiberboard, or plastic, with the length and width
seeped through the outer layer or ply of a bonded wood
generally equal to the platen size of the press in which they are employed.
product and that show as a blemish or discoloration on the
surface.
center—inner layers whose grain direction runs parallel to that
of the outer plies; may be of parallel laminated plies. (See
also core.)
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products. clipper—the shearing machine used to dimension dry or green
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
veneers to width.
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D1038 – 83 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D1038-11.
compreg—synthetic resin-treated, compressed wood with re-
2
These definitions are specific to veneer and plywood. Other definitions relating
duced swelling and shrinking characteristics and increased
to timber appear in ASTM Terminology D9, Relating to Wood, Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, Vol 04.10. density and strength properties.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1038 − 11
construction—details of arrangement or thickness or both, of flitch—a portion of a log sawed on two or more sides and
veneers and other components used in the fabrication of intended for remanufacture into sliced or sawn veneer. The
plywood. term is also applied to the resulting sheets of veneer stacked
together in sequence of cutting.
all-veneer construction—plywood in which all plies are
5
veneer. Ordinarily no single ply of veneer will exceed ⁄16 in.
gap—an open joint or split in the inner plies which results
(7.9 mm) in thi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1038–83(Reapproved 2005) Designation: D1038 – 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
,
1 2
Veneer and Plywood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The terms included in this terminology standard are intended to apply to a family of wood
veneer-based panel products manufactured for use in construction and industrial applications.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard covers a repository of terms and classifications essential needed for the business of Subcommittee D07.03.
1.2 The terms in this standard pertain to processing and characteristics of wood veneer and plywood products.
2. Terminology
adhesive—a substance capable of holding materials together by surface attachment.
NOTE 1—adhesive is the general term and includes, among others, cement, glue, mucilage, and paste. All of these terms are loosely used
interchangeably. Various descriptive adjectives are applied to the term adhesive to indicate certain characteristics as follows:
(1) Physical form, that is, liquid adhesive, tape adhesive
(2) Chemical type, that is, silicate adhesive, resin adhesive
(3) Materials bonded, that is, paper adhesive, metal-plastic adhesive, can label adhesive
(4) Conditions of use, that is, hot-setting adhesive
back—the side reverse to the face of a panel, or the poorer side of a panel in any grade of plywood calling for a face and back.
balanced construction—See under construction.
banding (railing)—a portion of wood or other material extending around one or more edges of a plywood panel.
bleed through—glue—adhesive or components of glueadhesive that have seeped through the outer layer or ply of a gluedbonded
wood product and that show as a blemish or discoloration on the surface.
blemish—anything marring the appearance of the veneer that is not classifiable as a defect.
blister—in plywood, an elevation of the surface of an adherend (separation between plies), somewhat resembling in shape a blister
on the human skin; its boundaries may be indefinitely outlined and it may have burst or become flattened.
bolt (veneer)—a short log cut to length suitable for peeling in a lathe; also block.
bond, n—the attachment at an interface between an adhesive and an adherend.
bond, v—to attach materials together by means of an adhesive.
borer holes—voids made by wood-boring insects.
broken grain (shelling, leafing, grain separation)—a separation on veneer surface between annual rings.
cauls, n—sheets of material employed singly or in pairs in hot or cold pressing of assemblies being bonded. Cauls are employed
usually to protect either the faces or the press platen or both against marring and staining, to prevent sticking, to facilitate press
loading, or to impart a desired surface texture or finish, and to provide uniform pressure distribution.
NOTE 2—Cauls may be made of any material such as aluminum, stainless steel, hardboard, fiberboard, or plastic, with the length and width generally
equal to the platen size of the press in which they are employed.
center—inner layers whose grain direction runs parallel to that of the outer plies; may be of parallel laminated plies. (See also
core.)
clipper—the shearing machine used to dimension dry or green veneers to width.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
Current edition approved Oct.Nov. 1, 2005.2011. Published October 2005.November 2011. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as
D1038 – 83 (20005). DOI: 10.1520/D1038-83R05.10.1520/D1038-11.
2
These definitions are specific to veneer and plywood. Other definitions relating to timber appear in ASTM Terminology D9, Relating to Wood, Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol 04.10.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1038 – 11
compreg—syntheticresin-treated,compressedwoodwithreducedswellingandshrinkingcharacteristicsandincreaseddensityand
strength properties.
construction—details of arrangement or thickness or both, of veneers and other components used in the fabrication of plywood.
5
all-veneer construction—plywoodinwhichallplies
...
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