ASTM E2161-01
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
Standard Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
SCOPE
1.1 Validation of methods and apparatus is requested or required for quality initiatives or where results may be used for legal purposes.
1.2 This standard provides terminology relating to validating performance of thermal analysis methods and instrumentation. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are not included.
1.3 The terminology described in this document is that of the validation process and may differ from that traditionally encountered in ASTM standards.
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a Discussion.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E2161–01
Standard Terminology Relating to
Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope figure-of-merit—a performance characteristic of a method
believed to be useful when deciding its applicability for a
1.1 Validation of methods and apparatus is requested or
specific measurement situation.
required for quality initiatives or where results may be used for
legal purposes.
DISCUSSION—Typical figures-of-merit include accuracy, repeatability,
1.2 This standard provides terminology relating to validat- sensitivity, etc.
ing performance of thermal analysis methods and instrumen-
linearity—the maximum deviation of output points from the
tation. Terms that are generally understood or defined ad-
“best fit” linear curve to the data excluding proven outliers
equately in other readily available sources are not included.
expressed as a percentage of the full-scale computed output.
1.3 The terminology described in this document is that of
noise—the maximum amplitude, peak-to-peak, for all random
the validation process and may differ from that traditionally
variations.
encountered in ASTM standards.
noise, short term—is that with a frequency greater than six
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
cycles per min (equivalent to a period of 10 seconds or less).
mation included in a Discussion.
DISCUSSION—ShortTerm Noise determines the smallest signal detect-
2. Terminology
able and limits the precision attainable in quantitation of low level
measurements.
accuracy—the agreement between an experimentally deter-
mined value and the accepted reference value. noise, long term—is that with a frequency between 0.6 and
6 cycles per min (equivalent to periods of 100 and 10 s).
DISCUSSION—Accuracy is also known as bias in ASTM practice.
DISCUSSION—Long Term Noise may be mistaken for the response of
analyte—the specific component measured in an analysis.
a test specimen.
baseline—the resultant analytical trace when no test specimen
precision—the degree of agreement among or between re-
is present.
peated measurements of the same property.
blank—the measured value obtained when a specific compo-
quantitation limit—the minimum amount that can be quanti-
nent is not present during the measurement.
fied with acceptable accuracy and precision.
bow—the maximum deviation between an actual instrument
relative standard deviation—the coefficient of variation ex-
reading and the reading predicted by a straight line drawn
pressed as a percentage.
between upper and lower calibration points, expressed as a
repeatability—a quantitative measure of the precision of the
percent of full scale.
results by a single analyst in a given laboratory using a given
calibration—to check, adjust, or systematically standardize
apparatus.
the gradations of a quantitative measuring signal.
reproducibility—a quantitative measure of the precision of
coefficient or variation—thestandarddeviationdividedbythe
the results between two laboratories.
value of the parameter measured.
resolution—a quantitative measure of the abi
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