ASTM E2402-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mass Loss, Residue, and Temperature Measurement Validation of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
Standard Test Method for Mass Loss, Residue, and Temperature Measurement Validation of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used to validate the performance of a specific thermogravimetric analyzer.
5.2 This test method may be used to validate the performance of a specific method based upon a thermogravimetry mass loss or residue measurement.
5.3 This test method may be used to determine the repeatability of a specific apparatus, operator, or laboratory.
5.4 This test method may be used for specification and regulatory compliance purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for validating mass loss, residue, and temperature measurements by thermogravimetric analyzers (TGAs) and analytical methods based upon the measurement of mass loss or residue content or temperature. Performance parameters determined include mass loss, residue, and temperature repeatability (precision), detection limit, quantitation limit, linearity, and bias.
1.2 Validation of apparatus performance and analytical methods is requested or required for quality initiatives or where results may be used for legal purposes.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2402 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Mass Loss, Residue, and Temperature Measurement
1
Validation of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2402; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
E1582 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Thermo-
1.1 This test method provides procedures for validating
gravimetric Analyzers
mass loss, residue, and temperature measurements by thermo-
E1970 PracticeforStatisticalTreatmentofThermoanalytical
gravimetric analyzers (TGAs) and analytical methods based
Data
upon the measurement of mass loss or residue content or
E2040 Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermo-
temperature. Performance parameters determined include mass
gravimetric Analyzers
loss, residue, and temperature repeatability (precision), detec-
E2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in
tion limit, quantitation limit, linearity, and bias.
Thermal Analysis and Rheology
1.2 Validation of apparatus performance and analytical
methodsisrequestedorrequiredforqualityinitiativesorwhere
3. Terminology
results may be used for legal purposes.
3.1 Technical terms used in this standard are defined in
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Practice E177 and in Terminologies E473, E1142, and E2161
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
including analyte, bow, calibration, Celsius, certification, cer-
standard.
tified reference material, Curie temperature, derivative, detec-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion limit, extrapolated onset value, linearity, magnetic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
transformation, onset point, plateau, precision, quantification
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
limit, reference material, repeatability, slope, standard
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
deviation, thermogravimetry, thermogravimetric analysis,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperature, and validation.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.1 highly volatile matter, n—materials (such as moisture,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
plasticizer, residual solvent, etc.) that boil at temperatures
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
below 200 °C.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.2.2 mass loss plateau, n—a region of a thermogravimetric
curve with a relatively constant mass (that is, accompanied by
2. Referenced Documents
a minima in the first derivative of mass with respect to time).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.3 medium volatile matter, n—materials (such as oil and
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
polymer degradation products) that boil in the temperature
ASTM Test Methods
range between 200 °C and 400 °C.
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
3.2.4 residue, n—material remaining (such as metal
ology
components, filler content or inert reinforcing materials) after
more volatile components are vaporized.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on
4. Summary of Test Method
Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. Originally
4.1 Mass is the primary dependent parameter and tempera-
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E2402 – 11 (2017).
ture is the primary independent parameter measured by ther-
DOI: 10.1520/E2402-19.
2
mogravimetric analysis.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2 Mass loss and residue measurements are validated by
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. their direct measurement using thermogravimetric apparatus
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2402 − 11 (Reapproved 2017) E2402 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Mass Loss Loss, Residue, and ResidueTemperature
1
Measurement Validation of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2402; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method provides procedures for validating mass loss loss, residue, and residuetemperature measurements by
thermogravimetric analyzers (TGA)(TGAs) and analytical methods based upon the measurement of mass loss or residue content.
content or temperature. Performance parameters determined include mass loss loss, residue, and residuetemperature repeatability
(precision), detection limit, quantitation limit, linearity, and bias.
1.2 Validation of apparatus performance and analytical methods is requested or required for quality initiatives or where results
may be used for legal purposes.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
E1582 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
E1970 Practice for Statistical Treatment of Thermoanalytical Data
E2040 Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermogravimetric Analyzers
E2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation in Thermal Analysis and Rheology
2.2 Other Standard:
3
U.S. FDA Q2B Validation of Analytical Procedures: Methodology, 62 FR 27464, May 19, 1997
3. Terminology
3.1 Technical terms used in this standard are defined in Practice E177 and in Terminologies E473, E1142, and E2161. including
analyte, bow, calibration, Celsius, certification, certified reference material, Curie temperature, derivative, detection limit,
extrapolated onset value, linearity, magnetic transformation, onset point, plateau, precision, quantification limit, reference
material, repeatability, slope, standard deviation, thermogravimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, temperature, and validation.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2017Sept. 1, 2019. Published December 2017September 2019. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20112017
as E2402 – 11.E2402 – 11 (2017). DOI: 10.1520/E2402-11R17.10.1520/E2402-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E2402 − 19
3.2.1 highly volatile matter—matter, n—materials (such as moisture, plasticizer, residual solvent, etc.) that boil at temperatures
below 200°C.200 °C.
3.2.2 mass loss plateau, n—a region of a thermogravimetric curve with a relatively constant mass (that is, accompanied by a
minima in the first derivative of mass with respect to time).
3.2.3 medium volatile matter—matter, n—materials (such as oil and polymer degradatio
...
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