ASTM D2394-05(2011)

Standard Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish Flooring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The test methods presented herein are intended to provide both a factual and comparative means of appraising the suitability of finish flooring. The procedures developed simulate some conditions of use that may require either maintenance beyond that considered normal or replacement of the floor surface material.
It is important for some of the evaluations that the substrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicated because the type and degree of support will have a direct influence on the value obtained from test. For example, in some present-day construction, low-density materials are used for sound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring. The way this substrate distributes loading and absorbs energy will have an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling and concentrated loads.
The test methods presented herein may be used to compare different finish floorings as to their resistance to severe and ordinary service loads and also may serve as the means to set specification limits. The properties obtained by these test methods are needed in addition to such basic material properties as stiffness, strength, hardness, and dimensional stability.  
Not all test may be required for any specific investigation. There may be an interrelation between two tests, and when it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is, a complete evaluation will only be required as a final stage of a study. In each instance, therefore, it will be necessary to determine which evaluations should be made to fulfill the objectives.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring the performance of finish flooring under the following service loadings and conditions:

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2011
• ICS: 79.020 - Wood technology processes
• ICS: 79.080 - Semi-manufactures of timber
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.01 - Fundamental Test Methods and Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2394-05e1 - Standard Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish Flooring
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D7032-21 - Standard Specification for Establishing Performance Ratings for Wood-Plastic Composite and Plastic Lumber Deck Boards, Stair Treads, Guards, and Handrails
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D5456-21e1 - Standard Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite Lumber Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011
• Referred By: ASTM G115-10(2018) - Standard Guide for Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2394 − 05 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Methods for
Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish
1
Flooring
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2394; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope sound-deadening immediately below the finish flooring. The
way this substrate distributes loading and absorbs energy will
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for measuring the
have an influence on evaluations such as those in rolling and
performance of finish flooring under the following service
concentrated loads.
loadings and conditions:
3.3 The test methods presented herein may be used to
Section
Loading Tests
compare different finish floorings as to their resistance to
Concentrated Loading 7
severe and ordinary service loads and also may serve as the
Floor Surface Indentation from Small Area Loads 12
means to set specification limits. The properties obtained by
Falling-Ball Indentation 18
Rolling Load 23
thesetestmethodsareneededinadditiontosuchbasicmaterial
Mechanical Tests
properties as stiffness, strength, hardness, and dimensional
Abrasion Resistance 28
stability.
Coefficient of Friction 33
Moisture Tests
3.4 Not all test may be required for any specific investiga-
Surface Wetting 38
tion. There may be an interrelation between two tests, and
2. Referenced Documents
when it has been demonstrated what the interrelation is, a
2
complete evaluation will only be required as a final stage of a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
study. In each instance, therefore, it will be necessary to
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-
determine which evaluations should be made to fulfill the
Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
objectives.
E72 Test Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Panels
for Building Construction
4. Test Specimens
3. Significance and Use
4.1 The number of specimens to be chosen for test and the
method of their selection depend on the variability of the finish
3.1 The test methods presented herein are intended to
flooring material and on the purpose of the particular tests
providebothafactualandcomparativemeansofappraisingthe
under consideration, so no general rule can be given to cover
suitability of finish flooring. The procedures developed simu-
all instances. It is recommended that, whenever possible,
late some conditions of use that may require either mainte-
sufficient replications be made to establish reliable mean
nance beyond that considered normal or replacement of the
values. Even for the most simple evaluation, a replication of
floor surface material.
three tests for each property is recommended.
3.2 It is important for some of the evaluations that the
substrate to be used beneath the finish flooring be duplicated
5. Control of Moisture Content and Temperature
because the type and degree of support will have a direct
5.1 Wood and wood-base materials are hygroscopic. The
influenceonthevalueobtainedfromtest.Forexample,insome
moisture content at time of test will influence values obtained
present-day construction, low-density materials are used for
from tests. Therefore, material for test shall be conditioned to
essentially constant weight at a condition of 65 6 1 % relative
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on humidity and a temperature of 68 6 6°F (20 6 3°C) (Note 1
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
and Note 2). If there is any departure from this recommended
Test Methods and Properties.
condition, it shall be so stated in the report. No tests shall be
Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally
made on any material when it is not essentially stable in
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2394 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D2394-05R11.
moisture content.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 1—In following the recommendation that the temperature be
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on controlled to 68 6 6°F (20 6 3°C) it should be understood that it is
the ASTM website. desirable to maintain the temperature as nearly constant as possible at
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1

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D2394 − 05 (2011)
some temperature within this range.
9.1.1 Steel Disk Loading Tool—The steel disk loading tool
NOTE 2—Requirements for temperature and relati
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