ASTM F3417-20

Standard Test Method for Gas Chromatography Analysis of Petroleum Waxes Used in Equestrian Synthetic Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The determination of the carbon number distribution of petroleum-based waxes used in synthetic equestrian tracks is useful for characterizing the overall molecular composition to aid in binder selection and replenishment. The test data is also very useful for comparing carbon number distributions between different binders and monitoring an existing track binder as it ages over time. The oil extracted from the wax can also be analyzed by this method. Track surface maintenance decisions can be aided by the results of this test.
SCOPE
1.1 The slack waxes typically used in equestrian surfaces comprise a blend of different waxes and oils, with various hydrocarbons, chain lengths and structures.  
1.2 The blend of wax and oil determines the mechanical properties of the surface material, as well as the response of the wax to temperature. The combination of lower and higher carbon weight materials, oil content, and hydrocarbon structures also controls how the wax will endure over time. As the wax ages, it is expected that lower density components will be lost at a higher rate than higher density materials.  
1.3 The gas chromatography (GC) test is used to determine the carbon number distribution in extracted wax samples for both normal and abnormal hydrocarbons (linear vs. non-linear carbon chains). This procedure is outlined in Test Method D5442. GC testing utilizes a chromatograph with a flame ionization detector and column.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2019
• ICS: 75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
• Technical Committee: F08 - Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities
• Drafting Committee: F08.28 - Equestrian Surfaces

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E260-96(2019) - Standard Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4626-95(2019) - Standard Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4307-99(2015) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3417 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Gas Chromatography Analysis of Petroleum Waxes Used in
1
Equestrian Synthetic Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 The slack waxes typically used in equestrian surfaces
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
comprise a blend of different waxes and oils, with various
Analytical Standards
hydrocarbons, chain lengths and structures.
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
1.2 The blend of wax and oil determines the mechanical
Response Factors
propertiesofthesurfacematerial,aswellastheresponseofthe
D5442 TestMethodforAnalysisofPetroleumWaxesbyGas
wax to temperature. The combination of lower and higher
Chromatography
carbon weight materials, oil content, and hydrocarbon struc-
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
tures also controls how the wax will endure over time. As the
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relation-
wax ages, it is expected that lower density components will be
ships
lost at a higher rate than higher density materials.
3. Terminology
1.3 The gas chromatography (GC) test is used to determine
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the carbon number distribution in extracted wax samples for
3.1.1 carbon number, n—number corresponding to the num-
both normal and abnormal hydrocarbons (linear vs. non-linear
ber of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon.
carbon chains). This procedure is outlined in Test Method
D5442. GC testing utilizes a chromatograph with a flame 3.1.2 cool on-column injection, n—sample introduction
ionization detector and column. technique in gas chromatography where the sample is injected
inside the front portion of a partition column at a temperature
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
at or below the boiling point of the most volatile component in
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
the sample.
standard.
3.1.3 low volume connector, n—metal or glass union de-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
signed to connect two lengths of capillary tubing. Usually
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
designed so that the tubing ends are joined with a minimum of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
either dead volume or overlap between them.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.4 non(normal paraffın) hydrocarbon (NON), n—all
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
other hydrocarbon types excluding those hydrocarbons with
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
carbonatomsinalinearchain.Includesaromatics,naphthenes,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and branched hydrocarbon types.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.5 normal paraffın, n—saturated hydrocarbon that has
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
solely linearly bonded carbon atoms without branching or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
hydrocarbon rings.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.6 wall coated open tube (WCOT), n—term used to
specify capillary columns in which the stationary phase is
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
2
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee F08.28 on Equestrian Surfaces. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. DOI: 10.1520/
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
F3417-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F3417 − 20
TABLE 1 Typical Operating Conditions
coated on the interior surface of the glass or fused silica tube.
Stationary phase may be cross-linked or bonded after coating. Column length (m) 25 30 15
Column inside diameter 0.32 0.53 0.25
(mm)
4. Summary of Test Method
Stationary phase DB-1 RTX-1 DB-5
methyl silicone methyl silicone 5 % phenyl
4.1 Wax sampl
...