ASTM F2921-11e1
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing—Coordinate Systems and Test Methodologies
Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing—Coordinate Systems and Test Methodologies
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Although many additive manufacturing systems are based heavily upon the principles of Computer Numerical Control (CNC), the coordinate systems and nomenclature specific to CNC are not sufficient to be applicable across the full spectrum of additive manufacturing equipment. This terminology expands upon the principles of ISO 841 and applies them specifically to additive manufacturing. Although this terminology is intended to complement ISO 841, if there should arise any conflict, this terminology shall have priority for additive manufacturing applications. For any issues not covered in this terminology, the principles in ISO 841 may be applied.
3.2 Furthermore, this terminology does not prescribe the use of any specific existing testing methodologies or standards that practitioners of AM may wish to employ for testing purposes; however, it is expected that practitioners will employ appropriate existing methodologies and standards to test parts made by AM.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with coordinate systems and testing methodologies for additive manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to standardize terminology used by AM users, producers, researchers, educators, press/media, and others, particularly when reporting results from testing of parts made on AM systems. Terms included cover definitions for machines/systems and their coordinate systems plus the location and orientation of parts. It is intended, where possible, to be compliant with ISO 841 and to clarify the specific adaptation of those principles to additive manufacturing.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F2921 − 11
StandardTerminology for
Additive Manufacturing—Coordinate Systems and Test
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Methodologies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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´ NOTE—References ISO 527 and ISO 6892 were added editorially in August 2012.
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1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 841 Industrial Automation Systems and Integration—
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms,
Numerical Control of Machines—Coordinate System and
descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated
Motion Nomenclature
withcoordinatesystems and testing methodologies foradditive
ISO 527 Plastics — Determination of tensile properties
manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to standardize
ISO 6892 Metallic materials — Tensile testing – Part 1:
terminology used by AM users, producers, researchers,
Method of test at room temperature
educators, press/media, and others, particularly when reporting
results from testing of parts made on AM systems. Terms
3. Significance and Use
included cover definitions for machines/systems and their
3.1 Although many additive manufacturing systems are
coordinate systems plus the location and orientation of parts. It
based heavily upon the principles of Computer Numerical
is intended, where possible, to be compliant with ISO 841 and
Control (CNC), the coordinate systems and nomenclature
to clarify the specific adaptation of those principles to additive
specific to CNC are not sufficient to be applicable across the
manufacturing.
full spectrum of additive manufacturing equipment. This ter-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
minology expands upon the principles of ISO 841 and applies
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
them specifically to additive manufacturing. Although this
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
terminology is intended to complement ISO 841, if there
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
should arise any conflict, this terminology shall have priority
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for additive manufacturing applications. For any issues not
covered in this terminology, the principles in ISO 841 may be
2. Referenced Documents
applied.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 Furthermore,thisterminologydoesnotprescribetheuse
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
of any specific existing testing methodologies or standards that
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
practitioners of AM may wish to employ for testing purposes;
terials
however, it is expected that practitioners will employ appro-
F2792 Terminology for Additive Manufacturing
,
priate existing methodologies and standards to test parts made
Technologies
by AM.
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F42 on
4. Terminology
Additive Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee F42.01 on Test Methods.
4.1 Definitions—Definitions shall be in accordance with
Current edition approved July 15, 2011. Published September 2011. DOI:
Terminology F2792 and the following:
10.1520/F2921–11E01.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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F2921 − 11
Terms and Definitions—AM Machines and their Coordinate Systems
DISCUSSION—This is a universal origin reserved for the purpose of
build platform, n—of a machine, any base which provides a
identifying the location of parts within the build volume. (See A1.1 and
surface upon which the build is started and supported
A1.2).
throughout the build process (see A1.1).
machine origin, n—origin as defined by the original equip-
DISCUSSION—The machine build platform may be solid or perforated
and made from a wide variety of materials and constructions. ment manufacturer. Synonyms: machine home, machine zero
point.
DISCUSSION—In some systems the parts are built attached to the build
platform, either directly or through a support structure. In other
systems, such as powder bed systems, no direct mechanical fixture
Z axis, n—of a machine, for processes emp
...
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