ASTM D1203-94(1999)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon Methods
Standard Test Methods for Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon Methods
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of volatile loss from a plastic material under defined conditions of time and temperature, using activated carbon as the immersion medium.
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:
1.2.1 Test Method A, Direct Contact with Activated Carbon- In this test method the plastic material is in direct contact with the carbon. This test method is particularly useful in the rapid comparison of a large number of plastic specimens.
1.2.2 Test Method B, Wire Cage -This test method prescribes the use of a wire cage, which prevents direct contact between the plastic material and the carbon. By eliminating the direct contact, the migration of the volatile components to the surrounding carbon is minimized and loss by volatilization is more specifically measured.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-This standard is similar in content (not technically equivalent) to ISO 176-1976(E) "Determination of the Loss of Plasticizers by the Activated Carbon Method."
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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e1
Designation: D 1203 – 94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Methods for
Volatile Loss From Plastics Using Activated Carbon
Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1203; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in October 1999.
1. Scope * E 197 Specification for Enclosures and Servicing Units for
Tests Above and Below Room Temperature
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of volatile
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
loss from a plastic material under defined conditions of time
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
and temperature, using activated carbon as the immersion
2.2 Other Documents:
medium.
ISO 176-1976 Determination of the Loss of Plasticizers
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:
from Plastics by the Activated Carbon Method
1.2.1 Test Method A, Direct Contact with Activated
Carbon—In this test method the plastic material is in direct
3. Terminology
contact with the carbon. This test method is particularly useful
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
in the rapid comparison of a large number of plastic specimens.
nologies D 883 and D 1600 unless otherwise indicated.
1.2.2 Test Method B, Wire Cage—This test method pre-
scribes the use of a wire cage, which prevents direct contact
4. Significance and Use
between the plastic material and the carbon. By eliminating the
4.1 The test methods are intended to be rapid empirical tests
direct contact, the migration of the volatile components to the
which may be useful in the relative comparison of materials
surrounding carbon is minimized and loss by volatilization is
having the same nominal thickness.
more specifically measured.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
NOTE 2—When the plastic material contains plasticizer, loss from the
plastic is assumed to be primarily plasticizer. The effect of moisture is
standard.
considered to be negligible.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Correlation with ultimate application for various plastic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
materials should be determined by the user. To obtain acceler-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ated tests that more nearly approach actual service conditions,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
reference should be made to Specification E 197.
NOTE 1—This standard is similar in content (not technically equivalent)
5. Apparatus
to ISO 176-1976(E).
5.1 Balance—An accurate analytical balance, equipped
2. Referenced Documents
with Class S weights or better.
5.2 Oven or Bath—A thermostatically controlled oven or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bath capable of maintaining the temperature to within 61°C of
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
the test temperature, which normally will be in the range from
Insulating Materials for Testing
50 to 150°C.
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
5.3 Containers—Metal cans or wide-mouth screw-top jars,
D 1600 Terminology of Abbreviated Terms Relating to
of cylindrical form, approximately 100 mm in diameter and
Plastics
approximately ⁄2 L in capacity.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
Materials (Section D20.15.11 on Plasticizers). Discontinued. See 1982 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Parts 40 and 41.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1994. Published December 1994. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
published as D 1203–52 T. Last previous edition D 1203 – 89. Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
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D 1203 – 94 (1999)
5.4 Micrometer—A micrometer capable of measuring to the This is necessary to assure that any possible pressure build-up
nearest 0.0025 mm for measuring the thickness of the test in the container during heating is relieved. Take care that in no
specimens. case shall the carbon be packed by pressure other than the
5.5 Metal Cages (for Test Method B)—Wire cages con- weight of the composite sandwich in the container.
structed from approximately 30-mesh bronze gauze, in cylin-
NOTE 4—Only specimens of the same composition or formulation shall
drical form, having a diameter of 60 mm and a height of 6 mm,
be tested in a single container, because of the possibility of cross-
formed by soldering a strip of gauze at right angles to the
migration between varying compositions.
periphery of a disk of bronze gauze. One of the bases acts as a
9.3 Place the container upright in the oven or bath. Unless
lid.
otherwise specified, the temperature of the oven or bath shall
be 70 6 1°C and the duration of the test 24 h.
6. Material
9.4 At the end of the 24-h period, remove the container from
6.1 Activated Carbon, ⁄14 Mesh—It has been found that
the oven or bath. Then, within 1 h, remove the specimens from
different types and grades of activated carbon give differing
the container, brush free of carbon, and recondition in accor-
results, thus making it necessary for the purchaser and the
dance with Section 8.
seller to agree on the same type and grade in order to obtain
9.5 After reconditioning, reweigh the specimens and desig-
concordant results. Care should be taken that an airtight storage
nate this weight as W . Weight of individual specimens shall be
container is used for the activated carbon and that fresh
within a tolerance of 610 %.
material is used for each test, unless it can be shown that reuse
does not affect the results. The activated carbon shall be
10. Procedure—Test Method B, Wire Cage
screened through a 14-mesh screen immediately prior to use to
10.1 Proceed as in Section 9 (Test Method A), except place
eliminate fines.
every individual specimen in a small metal wire-mesh cage
constructed as indicated in 5.5, and maintain the temperature at
7. Test Specimens
100 6 1°C.
7.1 The test specimens shall be 50 mm diameter disks made
NOTE 5—If other conditions of test are desired, they may be employed,
of the plastic material to be tested. Three specimens of each
but shall be specified in the report.
formulation shall be tested.
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