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ASTM C309-07

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete

Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquid membrane-forming compounds suitable for application to concrete surfaces to reduce the loss of water during the early-hardening period. White-pigmented membrane-forming compounds serve the additional purpose of reducing the temperature rise in concrete exposed to radiation from the sun. The membrane-forming compounds covered by this specification are suitable for use as curing media for fresh concrete, and may also be used for further curing of concrete after removal of forms or after initial moist curing. Liquid membrane-forming compound types 1 and 1-D shall be clear or translucent. Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds shall consist of finely-divided white pigment and vehicle, ready-mixed for immediate use as is. Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested, shall restrict the loss of water not more than the requirements prescribed. Type 2 liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested, shall exhibit a daylight reflectance of not less than 60 %. Liquid membrane-forming compounds, when tested, shall dry to touch in not more than 4 h.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers liquid membrane-forming compounds suitable for application to concrete surfaces to reduce the loss of water during the early-hardening period. White-pigmented membrane-forming compounds serve the additional purpose of reducing the temperature rise in concrete exposed to radiation from the sun. The membrane-forming compounds covered by this specification are suitable for use as curing media for fresh concrete, and may also be used for further curing of concrete after removal of forms or after initial moist curing. Note 1
This specification addresses only those properties listed in Sections through . Membrane-forming compounds with special properties including better water retention, minimum solids content, resistance to ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkali resistance and non-interference with adhesives are described in Specification C 1315.Note 2
Solutions of silicate salts are chemically reactive in concrete rather than membrane-forming; therefore, they do not meet the intent of this specification.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for informational purposes only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This is a performance specification. The allowable composition of products covered by this specification is limited by various local, regional, and national regulations. Issues related to air quality (solvent emission), worker exposure, and other hazards are not addressed here. It is the responsibility of the producers and users of these materials to comply with pertinent regulations.
Warning-Some VOC exempt solvents used to meet the regulations are extremely flammable with low auto ignition temperatures and rapid evaporation rates. Consult the manufacturer's product information sheet for important application and safety information.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2007
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.22 - Materials Applied to New Concrete Surfaces
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C309-06 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Replaced By
ASTM C309-11 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
Effective Date
01-Jun-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1315-19 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds Having Special Properties for Curing and Sealing Concrete
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM F2551-09(2023) - Standard Practice for Installing a Protective Cementitious Liner System in Sanitary Sewer Manholes
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1504M-20 - Standard Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains (Metric)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C935-19 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Prestressed Concrete Poles Statically Cast
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1846/C1846M-19 - Standard Specification for Performance Based Manufacture of Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1433M-22 - Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers (Metric)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C506-22a - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C478/C478M-22 - Standard Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1932-23 - Standard Specification for Manufacture of Reinforced Precast Concrete End Sections for Pipe
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C507-22 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1903-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Duct Bank
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C507M-22 - Standard Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007
Referred By
ASTM C14-20 - Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe
Effective Date
01-Jun-2007

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ASTM C309-07 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing ConcreteASTM C309-07 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
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ASTM C309-07 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C309 – 07
Standard Specification for
1
Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C309; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* other hazards are not addressed here. It is the responsibility of
the producers and users of these materials to comply with
1.1 This specification covers liquid membrane-forming
pertinent regulations.
compounds suitable for application to concrete surfaces to
Warning—Some VOC exempt solvents used to meet the
reduce the loss of water during the early-hardening period.
regulations are extremely flammable with low auto ignition
White-pigmented membrane-forming compounds serve the
temperatures and rapid evaporation rates. Consult the manu-
additional purpose of reducing the temperature rise in concrete
facturer’s product information sheet for important application
exposed to radiation from the sun. The membrane-forming
and safety information.
compounds covered by this specification are suitable for use as
curing media for fresh concrete, and may also be used for
2. Referenced Documents
further curing of concrete after removal of forms or after initial
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
moist curing.
C156 Test Method for Water Retention by Liquid
NOTE 1—This specification addresses only those properties listed in
Membrane-Forming Curing Compounds for Concrete
Sections 5 through 8. Membrane-forming compounds with special prop-
C1315 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
erties including better water retention, minimum solids content, resistance
pounds Having Special Properties for Curing and Sealing
to ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkali resistance and non-interference
Concrete
with adhesives are described in Specification C1315.
D869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling of
NOTE 2—Solutions of silicate salts are chemically reactive in concrete
rather than membrane-forming; therefore, they do not meet the intent of
Paint
this specification.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1309 Test Method for Settling Properties of Traffic Paints
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
During Storage
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
informational purposes only.
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
test methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3. Classification
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3.1 The following types of liquid membrane-forming com-
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
pounds are included:
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1.1 Type 1—Clear or translucent without dye,
tions prior to use.
3.1.2 Type 1-D—Clear or translucent with fugitive dye, and
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
3.1.3 Type 2—White pigmented.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
3.2 The solids dissolved in the vehicle shall be one of the
shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
following classes:
1.5 This is a performance specification. The allowable
3.2.1 Class A—No restrictions,
compositionofproductscoveredbythisspecificationislimited
3.2.2 Class B—Must be a resin as defined in Terminology
by various local, regional, and national regulations. Issues
D883.
related to air quality (solvent emission), worker exposure, and
NOTE 3—Permanent colors other than white, or other special attributes,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C09.22 on Materials Applied to New Concrete Surfaces. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2007.PublishedJuly2007.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C309 – 06. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
C0309-07. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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3.1 This practice describes procedures for providing plane surfaces on the ends of freshly molded concrete cylinders, hardened cylinders, or drilled concrete cores when the end surfaces do not conform with the planeness and perpendicularity requirements of applicable standards. Practice C1231/C1231M describes alternative procedures using unbonded caps or pad caps.
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Standard Test Method for Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete by J-Ring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete. This test method is applicable for laboratory use in comparing the passing ability of different concrete mixtures. It is also applicable in the field as a quality control test.  
5.2 The difference between the slump flow and J-Ring flow is an indication of the passing ability of the concrete. A difference less than 25 mm [1 in.] indicates good passing ability and a difference greater than 50 mm [2 in.] indicates poor passing ability. The orientation of the mold for the J-Ring test and for the slump flow test without the J-Ring shall be the same.  
5.3 This test method is limited to self-consolidating concrete with nominal maximum size of aggregate of up to 25 mm [1 in.].
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by using the J-Ring in combination with a mold.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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