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ASTM D2475-22

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Felt

Standard Specification for Felt

ABSTRACT
This specification covers all standard types of felt in the form of rolls and sheets that are suitable for mechanical use. Certain special-purpose felts are also covered. Felts shall be classified according to thickness and mass, properties and general descriptions. Felt classifications shall be based on the Society of Automotive Engineers Specification and the US Department of Defense Federal Specification. Special-purpose felts shall be classified under special-purpose classification. The chemical properties of roll and sheet felt shall conform to the specified requirements. The physical properties of roll and sheet felt such as width, thickness, and mass (weight) per unit area, shall conform to the requirements specified. All the properties, except color, of felt shall be determined in accordance to the test method specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers all standard types of felt in the form of rolls and sheets that are suitable for mechanical use. Certain special-purpose felts are also covered.  
1.2 This specification is not applicable to felt-like products that utilize weaving, knitting, stitching, or bonding such as papermaker's felt.  
1.3 Trade practice in the felt industry deals in pounds, yards, and inches, therefore the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values in SI units are provided as information only.  
1.3.1 The specification referenced in 2.2 uses only inch-pound units.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2022
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.13 - Wool and Felt
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D2475-22 - Standard Specification for Felt
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D2475 −22
Standard Specification for
1
Felt
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers all standard types of felt in the
form of rolls and sheets that are suitable for mechanical use. D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3
D461 Test Methods for Felt (Withdrawn 2003)
Certain special-purpose felts are also covered.
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
1.2 This specification is not applicable to felt-like products
2.2 Federal Standard:
that utilize weaving, knitting, stitching, or bonding such as
4
C-F-206, Felt Sheet: Cloth Felt, Wool, Pressed
papermaker’s felt.
2.3 Felt Manufacturers Council:
5
1.3 Tradepracticeinthefeltindustrydealsinpounds,yards,
FS14-68/71 Wool Felt Standard Specifications
6
and inches, therefore the values stated in inch-pound units are
2.4 SAE Standard:
to be regarded as standard. The values in SI units are provided
J314b Felts-Wool and Part Wool
as information only.
3. Terminology
1.3.1 The specification referenced in 2.2 uses only inch-
pound units.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 felt, n—a textile structure characterized by interlock-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ing and consolidation of its constituent fibers.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
4
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
5
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt. Available from the Northern TextileAssociation, 230 Congress Street, Boston,
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved MA 02110.
6
in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D2475 – 01(2013) which was Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers, 2 Pennsylvania Plaza,
withdrawn in January 2022 and reinstated in June 2022. DOI: 10.1520/D2475-22. New York, NY 10001.
TABLE 1 Wool Sheet Felt: Thickness and Mass (Weight)
2 2
Thickness, in. Thickness, mm Mass (Weight) lb/yd Mass (Weight) kg/m
ASTM (NTA)
Color Tolerances Tolerances
Class
Nominal Nominal Nominal Tolerances Nominal Tolerances
Sheets Cut Parts Sheets Cut Parts
26S1 White 0.125 ± 0.014 ± 0.016 3.17 ± 0.35 ± 0.41 1.50 ± 0.10 0.81 ± 0.05
26S4 Gray 0.188 0.016 0.018 4.78 0.41 0.46 2.25 0.15 1.22 0.08
0.250 0.020 0.022 6.35 0.51 0.56 3.00 0.20 1.63 0.11
0.313 0.022 0.024 7.95 0.56 0.61 3.75 0.25 2.04 0.14
0.375 0.024 0.026 9.52 0.61 0.66 4.50 0.30 2.44 0.16
0.500 0.030 0.032 12.70 0.76 0.81 6.00 0.40 3.26 0.22
0.625 0.035 0.037 15.88 0.89 0.94 7.50 0.45 4.07 0.24
0.750 0.040 0.042 19.05 1.02 1.07 9.00 0.50 4.89 0.27
0.875 0.046 0.048 22.23 1.17 1.22 10.50 0.55 5.70 0.30
1.000 0.051 0.053 25.40 1.30 1.35 12.00 0.60 6.52 0.33
1.250 0.062 0.065 31.75 1.57 1.65 15.00 0.70 8.15 0.38
1.500 0.072 0.075 38.10 1.83 1.91 18.00 0.80 9.77 0.43
1.750 0.083 0.085 44.45 2.11 2.16 21.00 0.90 11.40 0.49
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2475−22
TABLE1 Continued
2 2
Thickness, in. Thickness, mm Mass (Weight) lb/yd Mass (Weight) kg/m
ASTM (NTA)
Color Tolerances Tolerances
Class
Nominal Nominal Nominal Tolerances Nominal Tolerances
Sheets Cut Parts Sheets Cut Parts
2.000 0.094 0.098 50.80 2.39 2.49 24.00 1.00 13.03 0.54
2.500 0.115 0.119 63.50 2.92 3.02 30.00 1.05 16.29 0.57
3.000 0.136 0.141 76.20 3.45 3.58 36.00 1.10 19.55 0.60
34S1 White 0.125 0.012 0.014 3.17 0.30 0.36 2.00 0.10 1.09 0.05
34S2 White 0.188 0.012 0.014 4.78 0.30 0.36 3.00 0.15 1.63 0.08
34S3 White 0.250 0.016
...

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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion also is affected greatly by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension on the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must be changed accordingly at freque...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D3884, D3885, D3886, D4157, D4158, and AATCC TM93.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off