ASTM E748-16
(Guide)Standard Guide for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials
Standard Guide for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide covers types of materials to be examined, neutron radiographic examination techniques, neutron production and collimation methods, radiographic film, and converter screen selection. Within the present state of the neutron radiologic art, these practices are generally applicable to specific material combinations, processes, and techniques.
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—Practices to be employed for the radiographic examination of materials and components with thermal neutrons are outlined herein. They are intended as a guide for the production of neutron radiographs that possess consistent quality characteristics, as well as aiding the user to consider the applicability of thermal neutron radiology. Statements concerning preferred practice are provided without a discussion of the technical background for the preference. The necessary technical background can be found in Refs (1-16).2
1.2 Limitations—Acceptance standards have not been established for any material or production process (see Section 5 on Basis of Application). Adherence to the guide will, however, produce reproducible results. Neutron radiography, whether performed by means of a reactor, an accelerator, subcritical assembly, or radioactive source, will be consistent in sensitivity and resolution only if the consistency of all details of the technique, such as neutron source, collimation, geometry, film, etc., are maintained. This guide is limited to the use of photographic or radiographic film in combination with conversion screens for image recording; other imaging systems are available. Emphasis is placed on the use of nuclear reactor neutron sources.
1.3 Interpretation and Acceptance Standards—Interpretation and acceptance standards are not covered by this guide. Designation of accept-reject standards is recognized to be within the cognizance of product specifications.
1.4 Safety Practices—General practices for personnel protection against neutron and associated radiation peculiar to the neutron radiologic process are discussed in Section 17. Jurisdictional nuclear regulations will also apply.
1.5 Other Aspects of the Neutron Radiographic Process—For many important aspects of neutron radiography such as technique, files, viewing of radiographs, storage of radiographs, film processing, and record keeping, refer to Guide E94, which covers these aspects for x-ray radiography. (See Section 2.)
1.6 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E748 − 16
Standard Guide for
1
Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* radiographs, film processing, and record keeping, refer to
Guide E94, which covers these aspects for x-ray radiography.
1.1 Purpose—Practicestobeemployedfortheradiographic
(See Section 2.)
examination of materials and components with thermal neu-
trons are outlined herein. They are intended as a guide for the
1.6 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to
production of neutron radiographs that possess consistent
be regarded as the standard.
qualitycharacteristics,aswellasaidingtheusertoconsiderthe
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
applicabilityofthermalneutronradiology.Statementsconcern-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing preferred practice are provided without a discussion of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
technical background for the preference. The necessary tech-
2
nical background can be found in Refs (1-16).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 Limitations—Acceptancestandardshavenotbeenestab-
lished for any material or production process (see Section 5 on
2. Referenced Documents
Basis of Application). Adherence to the guide will, however,
produce reproducible results. Neutron radiography, whether 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
performed by means of a reactor, an accelerator, subcritical
E94Guide for Radiographic Examination
assembly,orradioactivesource,willbeconsistentinsensitivity
E543Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
and resolution only if the consistency of all details of the
Testing
technique, such as neutron source, collimation, geometry, film,
E545Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct
etc., are maintained. This guide is limited to the use of
Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination
photographic or radiographic film in combination with conver-
E803TestMethodforDeterminingthe L/DRatioofNeutron
sion screens for image recording; other imaging systems are
Radiography Beams
available. Emphasis is placed on the use of nuclear reactor
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
neutron sources.
2.2 ASNT Standard:
1.3 Interpretation and Acceptance Standards—
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1Afor Personnel Qualifi-
Interpretationandacceptancestandardsarenotcoveredbythis
4
cation and Certification
guide. Designation of accept-reject standards is recognized to
be within the cognizance of product specifications.
2.3 ANSI Standard:
1.4 Safety Practices—General practices for personnel pro- ANSI/ASNT-CP-189Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
5
tection against neutron and associated radiation peculiar to the
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
neutron radiologic process are discussed in Section 17. Juris-
2.4 AIA Document:
dictional nuclear regulations will also apply.
NAS-410Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification
6
1.5 Other Aspects of the Neutron Radiographic Process—
and Certification
For many important aspects of neutron radiography such as
technique, files, viewing of radiographs, storage of
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
NondestructiveTestingandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE07.05on the ASTM website.
4
Radiology (Neutron) Method. Available from the American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlin-
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2016. Published February 2016. Originally gate Lane, P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
5
approvedin1980.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asE748–02(2008).DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/E0748-16. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
2 6
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye
these practices. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E748 − 16
2.5 ISO Standard: shielding and interlock systems. A schematic d
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E748 − 02 (Reapproved 2008) E748 − 16
Standard PracticesGuide for
1
Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 Purpose—Practices to be employed for the radiographic examination of materials and components with thermal neutrons
are outlined herein. They are intended as a guide for the production of neutron radiographs that possess consistent quality
characteristics, as well as aiding the user to consider the applicability of thermal neutron radiology (radiology, radiographic, and
related terms are defined in Terminology radiology. E1316). Statements concerning preferred practice are provided without a
2
discussion of the technical background for the preference. The necessary technical background can be found in Refs (1-16).
1.2 Limitations—Acceptance standards have not been established for any material or production process (see Section 5 on Basis
of Application). Adherence to the practicesguide will, however, produce reproducible results that could serve as standards. results.
Neutron radiography, whether performed by means of a reactor, an accelerator, subcritical assembly, or radioactive source, will be
consistent in sensitivity and resolution only if the consistency of all details of the technique, such as neutron source, collimation,
geometry, film, etc., is maintained through the practices. These practices are are maintained. This guide is limited to the use of
photographic or radiographic film in combination with conversion screens for image recording; other imaging systems are
available. Emphasis is placed on the use of nuclear reactor neutron sources.
1.3 Interpretation and Acceptance Standards—Interpretation and acceptance standards are not covered by these practices.this
guide. Designation of accept-reject standards is recognized to be within the cognizance of product specifications.
1.4 Safety Practices—General practices for personnel protection against neutron and associated radiation peculiar to the neutron
radiologic process are discussed in Section 17. For further information on this important aspect of neutron radiology, refer to
current documents of the National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurement, the Code of Federal Regulations, the U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and to
applicable state and local codes.Jurisdictional nuclear regulations will also apply.
1.5 Other Aspects of the Neutron Radiographic Process—For many important aspects of neutron radiography such as technique,
files, viewing of radiographs, storage of radiographs, film processing, and record keeping, refer to Guide E94. , which covers these
aspects for x-ray radiography. (See Section 2.)
1.6 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.(For more specific safety information see 1.4.)
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E545 Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination
E803 Test Method for Determining the L/D Ratio of Neutron Radiography Beams
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.05 on Radiology
(Neutron) Method.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008Feb. 15, 2016. Published September 2008February 2016. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20022008
as E748 – 02.E748 – 02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/E0748-02R08.10.1520/E0748-16.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of these practices.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Boo
...
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