ASTM F2316-12(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Airframe Emergency Parachutes
Standard Specification for Airframe Emergency Parachutes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers minimum requirements for the design, manufacture, and installation of airframe emergency parachutes for light sport aircraft. Materials used for parts and assemblies, shall meet the conditions specified for (1) suitability and durability, (2) strength and other properties assumed in the design data, and (3) effects of environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, expected in service. Parachute model designations shall include the following: (1) parachute system parts list, (2) new parachutes model designations, (3) design changes, and (4) installation design changes. The strength requirements shall be specified in terms of limit loads and ultimate loads. The following minimum performance standards for the basic parachute system design shall be met: (1) parachute strength test to determine the ultimate load factor, (2) rate of descent, (3) component strength test, (4) staged deployment, and (5) environmental conditions. The installation design requirements are specified for the following: (1) coordination, (2) weight and balance, (3) system mounting, (4) extraction performance, (5) parachute attachment to the airframe, (6) activating housing routing, and (7) occupant restraint. Other requirements such as system function and operations and product marking are also detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements for the design, manufacture, and installation of parachutes for airframes. Airframe emergency parachutes addressed in this specification refer to parachute systems designed, manufactured, and installed to recover the airframe and its occupants at a survivable rate of descent. This specification is not applicable to deep-stall parachutes, spin recovery parachutes, drogue parachutes, or other airframe emergency aerodynamic decelerators not specifically intended for safely lowering the airframe and occupants to the ground. The specification is applicable to these types of parachutes if they are an integral part of an airframe emergency parachute system designed to recover the airframe and occupants at a survivable rate of descent.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. There may be values given in parentheses that are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units. Values in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Note that within the aviation community mixed units are appropriate in accordance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) agreements. While the values stated in SI units are regarded as standard, certain values such as airspeeds in knots and altitude in feet are also accepted as standard.
1.3 Airframe emergency parachute recovery systems have become an acceptable means of greatly reducing the likelihood of serious injury or death in an in-flight emergency. Even though they have saved hundreds of lives in many different types of conditions, inherent danger of failure, even if properly designed, manufactured and installed, remains due to the countless permutations of random variables (attitude, altitude, accelerations, airspeed, weight, geographic location, etc.) that may exist at time of usage. The combination of these variables may negatively influence the life saving function of these airframe emergency parachute systems. They are designed to be a supplemental safety device and to be used at the discretion of the pilot when deemed to provide the best chance of survivability.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles fo...
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2316 −12 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
1
Airframe Emergency Parachutes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2316; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope be a supplemental safety device and to be used at the discretion
of the pilot when deemed to provide the best chance of
1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements for the
survivability.
design, manufacture, and installation of parachutes for air-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
frames. Airframe emergency parachutes addressed in this
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specification refer to parachute systems designed,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
manufactured, and installed to recover the airframe and its
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
occupants at a survivable rate of descent. This specification is
mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
not applicable to deep-stall parachutes, spin recovery
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
parachutes, drogue parachutes, or other airframe emergency
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
aerodynamic decelerators not specifically intended for safely
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
lowering the airframe and occupants to the ground. The
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specification is applicable to these types of parachutes if they
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
areanintegralpartofanairframeemergencyparachutesystem
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
designed to recover the airframe and occupants at a survivable
rate of descent.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
2.1 There are currently no referenced documents in this
standard. There may be values given in parentheses that are
specification.
mathematical conversions to inch-pound units. Values in pa-
3. Terminology
rentheses are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2.1 Note that within the aviation community mixed units
3.1.1 ballistic device, n—may include rocket motor, mortar,
are appropriate in accordance with International CivilAviation
explosive projectile, spring, or other stored energy device.
Organization(ICAO)agreements.WhilethevaluesstatedinSI
3.1.2 completely opened parachute, n—the parachute has
units are regarded as standard, certain values such as airspeeds
reached its maximum design dimensions for the first time.
in knots and altitude in feet are also accepted as standard.
3.1.3 parachute deployment, n—process of parachute acti-
1.3 Airframe emergency parachute recovery systems have
vation and inflation.
become an acceptable means of greatly reducing the likelihood
of serious injury or death in an in-flight emergency. Even 4. Materials and Manufacture
though they have saved hundreds of lives in many different
4.1 Materials—Materials used for parts and assemblies, the
types of conditions, inherent danger of failure, even if properly
failure of which could adversely affect safety, must meet the
designed, manufactured and installed, remains due to the
following conditions:
countless permutations of random variables (attitude, altitude,
4.1.1 Materialsshallbesuitableanddurablefortheintended
accelerations, airspeed, weight, geographic location, etc.) that
use.
may exist at time of usage. The combination of these variables
4.1.2 Design values (strength) must be chosen so that no
may negatively influence the life saving function of these
structural part is under strength as a result of material varia-
airframe emergency parachute systems. They are designed to
tions or load concentration, or both.
4.1.3 The effects of environmental conditions, such as
temperature and humidity, expected in service must be taken
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F37 on Light
into account.
Sport Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F37.70 on Cross
Cutting. 5. Reserved
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published April 2022. Originally
5.1 This section is being used as a placeholder to maintain
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2316–12 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/F2316-12R22. the previous section numbers.
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