ASTM F2059-06
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using The Swirling Flask
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using The Swirling Flask
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a given dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of dispersant or oils can be checked for effectiveness changes with time or other factors.
Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy, oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results from this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field effectiveness could be more or less than this value.
Many dispersant tests have been developed around the world. This test has been developed over many years using findings from world-wide testing to use standardized equipment, test procedures, and to overcome difficulties noted in other test procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the laboratory. This test method is not applicable to other chemical agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open waters.
1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the analytical procedures described in this report directly applicable to such procedures.
1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to compare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous to those used in the test.
1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived from this standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses. Actual effectiveness at sea is dependant on sea energy, oil state, temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of dispersant that enters the oil.
1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:F2059–06
Standard Test Method for
Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the
1
Swirling Flask
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2059; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope column is extracted from the water using a pentane/
dichloromethane mixture and analyzed using gas chromatog-
1.1 This test method covers the procedure to determine the
raphy.
effectiveness of oil spill dispersants on various oils in the
2.2 The extract is analyzed for oil using a gas chromato-
laboratory.This test method is not applicable to other chemical
graph equipped with a flame ionization detector, (GC-FID).
agents nor to the use of such products or dispersants in open
Quantification is by means of the internal standard method.
waters.
Effectiveness values are derived by comparison with a cali-
1.2 This test method covers the use of the swirling flask test
brated set of effectiveness values obtained at the same time and
apparatus and does not cover other apparatuses nor are the
by the same method.
analytical procedures described in this report directly appli-
cable to such procedures.
3. Significance and Use
1.3 The test results obtained using this test method are
3.1 A standard test is necessary to establish a baseline
intended to provide baseline effectiveness values used to
performance parameter so that dispersants can be compared, a
compare dispersants and oil types under conditions analogous
given dispersant can be compared for effectiveness on different
to those used in the test.
oils, and at different oil weathering stages, and batches of
1.4 The test results obtained using this test method are
dispersant or oils can be checked for effectiveness changes
effectiveness values that should be cited as test values derived
with time or other factors.
from this standard test. Dispersant effectiveness values do not
3.2 Dispersant effectiveness varies with oil type, sea energy,
directly relate to effectiveness at sea or in other apparatuses.
oil conditions, salinity, and many other factors. Test results
Actualeffectivenessatseaisdependantonseaenergy,oilstate,
from this test method form a baseline, but are not to be taken
temperature, salinity, actual dispersant dosage, and amount of
as the absolute measure of performance at sea. Actual field
dispersant that enters the oil.
effectiveness could be more or less than this value.
1.5 The decision to use or not use a dispersant on an oil
3.3 Many dispersant tests have been developed around the
should not be based solely on this or any other laboratory test
world. This test has been developed over many years using
method.
findings from world-wide testing to use standardized equip-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ment, test procedures, and to overcome difficulties noted in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
other test procedures.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Interferences and Sources of Error
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Interferences can be caused by contaminants, particu-
larly residual oil or surfactants in solvents, on glassware, and
2. Summary of Test Method
other sample processing apparatus that lead to discrete artifacts
2.1 Dispersant is pre-mixed with oil and placed on water in
or elevated baselines in gas chromatograms. All glassware
a test vessel. The test vessel is agitated on a moving table
must be thoroughly cleaned. The cleaning process includes
shaker. At the end of the shaking period, a settling period is
rinsing with dichloromethane to remove the oil, followed by
specified and then a sample of water taken.The oil in the water
rinsing three times each with tap water, purified water (reverse
osmosis), and acetone. Once cleaned, precautions must be
1
taken to minimize contact of the glassware with surfactants to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
prevent undesired interferences.
Subcommittee F20.13 on Treatment.
4.2 Dispersant effectiveness is very susceptible to energy
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originally
levels. Table top shakers generally start and stop slowly.
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F2059 – 00. DOI:
10.1520/F2059-06. Shakers that start motion rapidly and stop suddenly impart a
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