ASTM D6055-96(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed for use in most cases with the actual equipment to be used in load handling.
4.2 These test methods may be used in evaluating the shipping unit as to suitability for mechanical handling by standard user-specified load-handling equipment.
4.3 These test methods will allow the user to determine integrity and stability of the load as well as provide guidance to improve the design of the unit load where deficiencies are found.
4.4 Damage to products or packages observed during testing may be expected to correlate at least in a qualitative way to damage observed in actual distribution handling systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity of unitized loads and large cases and crates, but not individual drums or palletized drums, as well as the ability of the contents to endure normal handling, using standard mechanical handling equipment. Not all of the test methods are applicable to all products containers and loads. These test methods are applicable to common means of material handling, including pull pack, clamp truck, and spade lift-type handling equipment as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method A—Fork Truck Handling—For testing the ability of the shipping unit to withstand repeated handlings by this test method.
1.1.2 Test Method B—Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and handling by this test method.
1.1.3 Test Method C—Clamp Handling Test—For lifting by hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting of repeated side compression and lifting.
1.1.4 Test Method D—Push-Pull Handling Test—For testing the ability of a unitized load on a slip-sheet to withstand repeated handling by this test method.
1.1.5 Test Method E—Grabhook Test—For lifting by grabhooks to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the horizontal pressures of grabhooks.
1.1.6 Test Method F—Sling Tests—For lifting by wire rope, cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand the compression of slings.
1.2 Additional Test Methods:
1.2.1 Additional test methods that apply to mechanical handling and rough handling tests of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D880; horizontal impact tests, described in Test Method D4003.
1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6055 − 96 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping
1
Cases and Crates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.2.2 Practice D4169 provides a series of options for select-
ing and running performance tests on all types of shipping
1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity
containers and systems.
of unitized loads and large cases and crates, but not individual
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
drums or palletized drums, as well as the ability of the contents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to endure normal handling, using standard mechanical han-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dling equipment. Not all of the test methods are applicable to
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
all products containers and loads. These test methods are
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
applicable to common means of material handling, including
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
pull pack, clamp truck, and spade lift-type handling equipment
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
as follows:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.1.1 Test Method A—Fork Truck Handling—Fortestingthe
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ability of the shipping unit to withstand repeated handlings by
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
this test method.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1.2 Test Method B—Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade
lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of
2. Referenced Documents
the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and
2
handling by this test method.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.3 Test Method C—Clamp Handling Test—For lifting by
D880 Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Contain-
hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the
ers and Systems
shipping unit to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
of repeated side compression and lifting.
ments
1.1.4 Test Method D—Push-Pull Handling Test—Fortesting
D4003 Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact
the ability of a unitized load on a slip-sheet to withstand
Test for Shipping Containers and Systems
repeated handling by this test method.
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
1.1.5 Test Method E—Grabhook Test—For lifting by grab-
tainers and Systems
hooks to determine the ability of the shipping unit to withstand
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
the horizontal pressures of grabhooks.
Packaging Components for Testing
1.1.6 Test Method F—Sling Tests—For lifting by wire rope,
cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the
3. Terminology
shipping unit to withstand the compression of slings.
3.1 Definitions—General terms in these test methods are
1.2 Additional Test Methods:
defined in Terminology D996.
1.2.1 Additional test methods that apply to mechanical
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
handling and rough handling tests of unitized loads and large
3.2.1 clamp lift attachment—a lift truck attachment used for
cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test
clamp handling products packaged in flat-sided packages.
Method D880; horizontal impact tests, described in Test
3.2.2 forklift attachment—a lift truck attachment used to
Method D4003.
handle large unitized or palletized loads.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
2
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D6055 – 96 (2014). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D6055-96R19. the ASTM website.
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