ASTM D5800-14e2
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of an oil can evaporate.
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along with the specifications.
5.5 Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination of their physical and chemical properties. Elemental analysis of the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying components such as phosphorous, which has been linked to premature degradation of the emission system catalyst.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5800 − 14
StandardTest Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Eq 11 was corrected editorially in January 2015.
2
ε NOTE—Subsection 20.21 was corrected editorially in February 2015.
1. Scope* Measurement System Performance
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determin-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
ing the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine
Lubricants
oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equip-
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
ment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal
DIN 1725Specification for Aluminum Alloys
Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-
DIN 12785Specifications for Glass Thermometers
Noack volatility test equipment.The test method relates to one
set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other
3. Terminology
conditions when required.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack
show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower
method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is
results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while
heatedinatestcruciblethroughwhichaconstantflowofairis
Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on
drawn.
basestocks.
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evapo-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the ration crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
with a constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- loss in mass of the oil is determined.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent
2
results, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the
2. Referenced Documents
research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and 5. Significance and Use
Petroleum Products
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
engine lubrication.Where high temperatures occur, portions of
Petroleum Products
an oil can evaporate.
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allow-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
able evaporation loss.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maxi-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
mum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5800–10. DOI:
10.1520/D5800-14E02.
with the specifications.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Deutsches Institut für Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burg-
the ASTM website. grafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Germany.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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D5800 − 14
5.5 Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also 6.10 Two Glass Bottles, approximately 2-L capacity, fitted
permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination with rubber bungs bored to receive inlet and outlet tubes (see
oftheirphysicalandchemicalpro
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´2 ´2
Designation: D5800 − 14 D5800 − 14
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Eq 11 was corrected editorially in January 2015.
2
ε NOTE—Subsection 20.21 was corrected editorially in February 2015.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils).
Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative
apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions
but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower results
versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum Alloys
DIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is heated
in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air is drawn.
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evaporation crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C with a
constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The loss in mass of the oil is determined.
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A, Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent results, with
2
a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5800 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D5800-14E01.10.1520/D5800-14E02.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Deutsches Institut für Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Germany.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´2
D5800 − 14
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of an oil can
evaporate.
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss
...
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