ASTM D7314-21

Standard Practice for Determination of the Heating Value of Gaseous Fuels using Calorimetry and On-line/At-line Sampling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 On-line, at-line, in-line, and other near-real time monitoring systems that measure fuel gas characteristics, such as heating value, are prevalent in various gaseous fuel industries and in industries either producing or using gaseous fuel in their industrial processes. The installation and operation of particular systems vary depending on process type, regulatory requirements, and the user’s objectives and performance requirements. This practice is intended to provide guidance for standardized start-up procedures, operating procedures, and quality assurance practices for calorimeter based on-line, at-line, in-line, and other near-real time heating value monitoring systems. Users employing gas chromatographic based instrumentation for measurement of gaseous fuel heating value are referred to Practice D7164.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is for the determination of the heating value measurement of gaseous fuels using a calorimeter. Heating value determination of sample gasses containing water vapor will require vapor phase moisture measurements of the pre-combustion sample gas as well as the non-condensed gasses exiting the calorimeter. Instruments equipped with appropriate conditioners and algorithms may provide heating value results on a net or gross and dry or wet basis.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to at-line and in-line instruments that are operated from time to time on a continuous basis.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2021
• ICS: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
• Technical Committee: D03 - Gaseous Fuels
• Drafting Committee: D03.12 - On-Line/At-Line Analysis of Gaseous Fuels

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7314 − 21
Standard Practice for
Determination of the Heating Value of Gaseous Fuels using
1
Calorimetry and On-line/At-line Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7314; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility
Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
1.1 This practice is for the determination of the heating
D3764 Practice forValidation of the Performance of Process
value measurement of gaseous fuels using a calorimeter.
Stream Analyzer Systems
Heatingvaluedeterminationofsamplegassescontainingwater
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
vapor will require vapor phase moisture measurements of the
D4891 Test Method for Heating Value of Gases in Natural
pre-combustion sample gas as well as the non-condensed
Gas and Flare Gases Range by Stoichiometric Combus-
gasses exiting the calorimeter. Instruments equipped with
tion
appropriate conditioners and algorithms may provide heating
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
value results on a net or gross and dry or wet basis.
D5503 Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Con-
1.2 This practice is applicable to at-line and in-line instru-
ditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation (With-
3
ments that are operated from time to time on a continuous
drawn 2017)
basis.
D6122 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Multi-
variate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this Spectrophotometer, and Raman Spectrometer Based Ana-
lyzer Systems
standard.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Measurement System Performance
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6621 Practice for Performance Testing of Process Analyz-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
ers for Aromatic Hydrocarbon Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D7164 Practice for On-line/At-line Heating Value Determi-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
nation of Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ISO 14532 Natural Gas—Vocabulary
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ISO 7504 Gas Analysis—Vocabulary
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents 3.1 Refer to Terminology D4150 for general definitions
2 related to gaseous fuels. Definitions specific to this standard
2.1 ASTM Standards:
follow.
D1070 Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D1826 TestMethodforCalorific(Heating)ValueofGasesin 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter 3.2.1 auto-verification, n—an automated means of introduc-
ing calibration gas mixtures or reference gas mixtures into an
analyzer for the purposes of verifying the analyzer response
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous
without making any adjustments to the calibration parameters
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.12 on On-Line/At-Line
Analysis of Gaseous Fuels. of the analyzer.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D7314 – 10(2015).
3
DOI: 10.1520/D7314-21. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
the ASTM website. www.iso.ch.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7314 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D7314 − 21
Standard Practice for
Determination of the Heating Value of Gaseous Fuels using
1
Calorimetry and On-line/At-line Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7314; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice is for the determination of the heating value measurement of gaseous fuels using a calorimeter. Heating value
determination of sample gasses containing water vapor will require vapor phase moisture measurements of the pre-combustion
sample gas as well as the non-condensed gasses exiting the calorimeter. Instruments equipped with appropriate conditioners and
algorithms may provide heating value results on a net or gross and dry or wet basis.
1.2 This practice is applicable to at-line and in-line instruments that are operated from time to time on a continuous basis.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1070 Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D1826 Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter
D3588 Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D3764 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems
D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
D4891 Test Method for Heating Value of Gases in Natural Gas and Flare Gases Range by Stoichiometric Combustion
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.12 on On-Line/At-Line Analysis
of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved June 1, 2015April 1, 2021. Published July 2015May 2021. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D7314D7314 – 10-10.(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D7314-10R15.10.1520/D7314-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7314 − 21
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
3
D5503 Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Conditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation (Withdrawn 2017)
D6122 Practice for Validation of the Performance of Multivariate Online, At-Line, Field and Laboratory Infrared
Spectrophotometer, and Raman Spectrometer Based Analyzer Systems
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6621 Practice for Performance Testing of Process Analyzers for Aromatic Hydrocarbon Materials
D7164 Practice for On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 14532 Natural gas—VocabularyGas—Vocabulary
ISO 7504 Gas analysis—VocabularyAnalysis—Vocabulary
3. Terminology
3.1 Refer to Terminology D4150 for general definitions related to gaseous fuels. Definitions specific to this standard follow.
3.2 Definitions:Definitio
...