ASTM D1675-03(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Polytetrafluoroethylene Tubing
Standard Test Methods for Polytetrafluoroethylene Tubing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The test methods in this standard are considered important to characterize polytetrafluoroethylene tubing. They are intended primarily for, but not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene tubing.
Variations in these methods or alternate contemporary methods of measurement may be used to determine the values for the properties in this standard provided such methods ensure quality levels and measurement accuracy equal to or better than those prescribed herein. It is the responsibility of the organizations using alternate test methods to be able to demonstrate this condition. In cases of dispute, the methods specified herein shall be used.
Note 2—Provision for alternate methods is necessary because of (1) the desire to simplify procedures for specific applications, and (2) the desire to eliminate redundant testing and use data generated during manufacturing process control, including that generated under Statistical Process Control (SPC) conditions, using equipment and methods other than those specified herein. An example would be the use of laser micrometers or optical comparators to measure dimensions.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing polytetrafluoroethylene tubing for use as electrical insulation. The procedures appear in the following sections:
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1675 −03 (Reapproved 2011)
Standard Test Methods for
Polytetrafluoroethylene Tubing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D876 Test Methods for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride Polymer
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing poly-
Tubing Used for Electrical Insulation
tetrafluoroethylene tubing for use as electrical insulation. The
D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
procedures appear in the following sections:
Gradient Technique
ASTM
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
Procedure Sections Methods
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and En-
Conditioning 7 .
thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 28 – 30 D149, D876
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Inside Diameter 8 – 13 D876
Mandrel Bend Test 46 – 52 D149, D876 D3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in
Melting Point 41 – 45 D3418, D4895
Electrical Apparatus
Penetration Test 26 and 27 D876
D4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Specific Gravity 36 – 40 D792, D1505
Strain Relief 31–35 .
Resin Produced From Dispersion
Volatile Loss 20–25 .
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
Wall Thickness 14–19 .
2.2 IEC Standards
NOTE 1—These test methods are similar but not identical to those in
60684–2 Flexible Insulating Sleeves—Part 2: Methods of
IEC 60684–2.
Test
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard
except for temperature, which is stated in degrees Celsius.
3. Terminology
Values in parentheses are for information only.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 For definitions pertaining to electrical insulation, refer
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to Terminology D1711.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 For definitions pertaining to fire standards, refer to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Terminology E176.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
warning statements, see Section 5.
3.2.1 apparent melting point, n—the temperature at which
the appearance of the plastic changes from opaque to transpar-
2. Referenced Documents
ent.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 strain relief, n—a dimensional change brought about
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
by subjecting the tubing to an elevated temperature.
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
3.2.3 volatile loss, n—the reduction in weight by vaporiza-
at Commercial Power Frequencies
tion under controlled conditions.
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
4. Significance and Use
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
4.1 The test methods in this standard are considered impor-
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
tant to characterize polytetrafluoroethylene tubing. They are
Subcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
intended primarily for, but not limited to polytetrafluoroethyl-
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1675 – 03. DOI:
ene tubing.
10.1520/D1675-03R11.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1675−03 (2011)
4.2 Variations in these methods or alternate contemporary INSIDE DIAMETER
methods of measurement may be used to determine the values
8. Significance and Use
for the properties in this standard provided such methods
ensure quality levels and measurement accuracy equal to or
8.1 The inside diameter is of importance in determining the
better than those prescribed herein. It is the responsibility of
proper physical fit of the tubing.
the organizations using alternate test methods to be able to
9. Apparatus
demonstrate this condition. In cases of dispute, the methods
specified herein shall be used.
9.1 Gage Rods—Use standard gage steel rods with smooth
surfaces and hemispherical ends having diameters within
NOTE2—Provisionforalternatemethodsisnecessarybecauseof(1)the
60.0002 in. (60.005 mm) of the values listed as maxima and
desire to simplify procedures for specific applications, and (2) the desire
to eliminate redundant testing and use data generated during manufactur-
minima in Table 1. A set of two gages (“go” and “no go”) is
ing process control, including that generated under Statistical Process
required for each size of tubing.
Control (SPC) conditions, using equipment and methods other than those
specified herein. An example would be the use of laser micrometers or NOTE 3—Tapered steel gages as described in Test Methods D876 may
optical comparators to measure dimensions. be used as an alternate. These gages are not practical, however, for tubing
smaller than Size No. 20.
5. Hazards
10. Test Specimens
5.1 Lethal voltages may be present during this test. It is
10.1 Cut five specimens of any convenient length, but not
essential that the test apparatus, and all associated equipment
less than 3 in. (75 mm) long, from the sample. Do not test
that may be electrically connected to it, be properly designed
kinked specimens.
and installed for safe operation. Solidly ground all electrically
conductive parts that any person might come in contact with
11. Procedure
during the test. Provide means for use at the completion of any
11.1 Insert the minimum gage rod for the size tubing under
test to ground any parts which: were at high voltage during the
test into the specimen for a distance of at least 1 in. (25 mm)
test; may have acquired an induced charge during the test; may
if possible, noting whether the rod is easily inserted and
retain a charge even after disconnection of the voltage source.
withdrawn without appreciable force. If the rod cannot be
Thoroughly instruct all operators in the proper way to conduct
readily inserted and removed, consider the specimen as having
tests safely. When making high voltage tests, particularly in
an inside diameter less than the minimum.
compressed gas or in oil, the energy released at breakdown
may be suffıcient to result in fire, explosion, or rupture of the
test chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers, and test
TABLE 1 Sizes of Polytetrafluoroethylene Tubing
specimens so as to minimize the possibility of such occurrences
Inside Diameter, in. (mm)
Size
and to eliminate the possibility of personal injury. See Section
Maximum Minimum Nominal
28.
1 in. 1.060 (26.98) 1.000 (25.40) .
⁄8 in. 0.927 (23.55) 0.875 (22.23) .
5.2 Toxic Chemicals from Thermal Decomposition:
⁄4 in. 0.795 (20.19) 0.750 (19.05) .
5.2.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene at temperatures above 200°C ⁄8 in. 0.662 (16.81) 0.625 (15.88) .
⁄2 in. 0.530 (13.46) 0.500 (12.70) .
may produce sufficient toxic vapors to be hazardous in a
⁄16 in. 0.464 (11.79) 0.438 (11.38) .
confined area. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in all
⁄8 in. 0.399 (10.13) 0.375 (9.53) .
No. 0 0.347 (8.81) 0.325 (8.25) 0.330 (8.38)
tests where the material is subjected to testing above 200°C.
No. 1 0.311 (7.90) 0.289 (7.34) 0.294 (7.47)
(See Sections 7, 23, 26, 33, and 43.)
No. 2 0.278 (7.06) 0.258 (6.55) 0.263 (6.68)
No. 3 0.249 (6.32) 0.229 (5.82) 0.234 (5.94)
No. 4 0.224 (5.69) 0.204 (5.18) 0.208 (5.28)
6. Selection of Test Specimens
No. 5 0.198 (5.03) 0.182 (4.62) 0.186 (4.72)
6.1 In the case of material on spools or in coils, remove and No. 6 0.178 (4.52) 0.162 (4.11) 0.166 (4.22)
No. 7 0.158 (4.01) 0.144 (3.66) 0.148 (3.76)
discard at least two turns of the product before selecting
No. 8 0.141 (3.58) 0.129 (3.28) 0.133 (3.38)
material for samples from which to prepare test specimens.
No. 9 0.124 (3.15) 0.114 (2.90) 0.118 (3.00)
No. 10 0.112 (2.84) 0.102 (2.78) 0.106 (2.69)
6.2 In the case of material offered in cut lengths, do not
No. 11 0.101 (2.57) 0.091 (2.31) 0.095 (2.41)
prepare specimens from samples of material closer than 1 in. No. 12 0.091 (2.31) 0.081 (2.06) 0.085 (2.16)
No. 13 0.082 (2.08) 0.072 (1.83) 0.075 (1.91)
(25 mm) from each end.
No. 14 0.074 (1.88) 0.064 (1.63) 0.066 (1.68)
No. 15 0.067 (1.70) 0.057 (1.45) 0.059 (1.50)
6.3 Do not use specimens with obvious defects unless the
No. 16 0.061 (1.55) 0.051 (1.30) 0.053 (1.35)
purpose of the test is to determine the effects of these defects.
No. 17 0.054 (1.37) 0.045 (1.14) 0.047 (1.19)
No. 18 0.049 (1.24) 0.040 (1.02) 0.042 (1.07)
No. 19 0.044 (1.12) 0.036 (0.91) 0.038 (0.97)
7. Conditioning
No. 20 0.040 (1.02) 0.032 (0.81) 0.034 (0.86)
No. 22 0.032 (0.81) 0.026 (0.66) 0.028 (0.71)
7.1 (Warning—See 5.2.)
No. 24 0.027 (0.69) 0.020 (0.51) 0.022 (0.56)
No. 26 0.022 (0.56) 0.016 (0.41) 0.018 (0.46)
7.2 Unless otherwise specified, condition and test speci-
No. 28 0.019 (0.48) 0.013 (0.33) 0.015 (0.38)
mens at least 3 h at 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 4°F) and 50 6 5%
No. 30 0.015 (0.38) 0.010 (0.25) 0.012 (0.30)
relative humidity.
D1675−03 (2011)
11.2 Select a gage rod having the maximum size for the tubing and determine the minimum and maximum wall thick-
tubingundertest.Attempttoinsertthegagerodintothetubing. ness.The average of these two readings is the wall thickness of
Iftherodcanbeeasilyinsertedtoadistanceof1in.,thetubing the specimen.
has an inside diameter that exceeds the specified maximum. If
17.2 For Size No. 24 and smaller, use a reference method
the rod cannot be readily inserted, the tubing has an inside
employing optical means acceptable to both the manufacturer
diameter less than the maximum specified.
and the purchaser to determine the maximum and minimum
wall thickness.
12. Report
18. Report
12.1 Report the following information:
12.1.1 Nominal size or size number of the tubing, and
18.1 Report the following information:
12.1.2 Size or size number as determined.
18.1.1 Nominal size or number of the tubing, and
18.1.2 Minimum, maximum, and average wall thickness.
13. Precision and Bias
19. Precision and Bias
13.1 Thistestmethodhasbeeninuseformanyyears,butno
information has been presented to ASTM International upon
19.1 Thistestmethodhasbeeninuseformanyyears,butno
which to base a statement of precision. No activity has been
information has been presented to ASTM International upon
planned to develop such information. This test method has no
which to base a statement of precision. No activity has been
bias because the value for inside diameter is determined solely
planned to develop such information. This test method has no
in terms of this test method.
bias because the value for wall thickness is determined solely
in terms of this test method.
WALL THICKNESS
VOLATILE LOSS
14. Significance and Use
20. Significance and Use
14.1 The wall thickness provides design data. It is also
useful in computing certain physical and electrical properties
20.1 Volatile loss is indicative of the efficiency of removal
of the tubing.
of volatiles during processing, and may indicate the presence
of undesirable organic materials.
15. Apparatus
21. Apparatus
15.1 Dial Micrometer—For Size No. 22 and larger, use a
dial micrometer equipped with a rod support for the specimen 21.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest
and a chisel-edge plunger. Use a gage with a minimum
0.001 g.
graduation of 0.0005 in. (0.01 mm) and a gaging load not
21.2 Oven, forced-convection type, capable of maintaining
exceeding 25 g. Use a rod made of hardened steel 0.020 in.
the temperature set point to the tolerances shown in the
(0.50 mm) in diameter and ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) long. Ensure that
procedure.
the chisel edge of the plunger is flat and approximately 0.043
21.3 Desiccator.
in. (1.1 mm) across and ⁄16 in. (8 mm) long.
15.2 Microscope—For Size No. 24 and smaller, use an
22. Test Specimens
optical means such as a toolmaker’s microscope.
22.1 Cut three specimens in full section from the sample in
a manner such that each specimen is at least 10 in. (250 mm)
16. Test Specimens
long and weighs at least 2 g.
16.1 Cut five ⁄2-in. (13-mm) specimens free from kinks
from the sample. Make the cut edge perpendicular to the
23. Procedure
longitudinal axis of the sample.
23.1 (Warning—See 5.2.)
23.2 Drythreespecimensinanovenat105 62.5°C(220 6
17. Procedure
4.5°F) for 1 h, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediately
17.1 For Size No. 22 and larger, measure the wall thickness
upon removal. Then, place the specimens on a horizontal
of the specimen using the rod and chisel apparatus by raising
support in an oven without touching each other or the sides of
the chisel from the rod and placing the specimen on the rod in
the oven, making certain to keep the specimens open through-
such a manner that the rod passes through the center of the
out their entire lengths. Maintain the specimens at 300 6 3°C
tubingspecimenandrestsflatlyagainsttheupperinsidewallof
(572 6 6°F), for 2 h. At the end of this period, remove the
the specimen. Gently lower the flat chisel edge until it rests
specimens, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediately upon
lightly on the upper outside wall of the specimen. Rotate the
removal.
24. Report
Adial-type micrometer, Gage Model 57B-3, manufactured by Federal Products
24.1 Report the following information:
Corp., 1144 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02901, has been found satisfactory for this
purpose. 24.1.1 Nominal size or size number of tubing, and
D1675−03 (2011)
24.1.2 Change in weight calculated as a percentage of the 29.1.2 Individual breakdown voltage at each puncture,
original weight. 29.1.3 Average dielectric breakdown voltage for all ten
punctures, and
25. Precision and Bias
29.1.4 Average volts per mil computed by dividing the
average breakdown voltage for the ten specimens by the
25.1 Thistestmethodhasbeeninuseformanyyears,butno
average wall thickness.
information ha
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.