ASTM D5993-99(2009)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine if the GCL material meets specifications for mass per unit area at 0 % moisture content, by oven-drying. It can be used as an index test for quality control or quality assurance to determine specimen conformance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the mass per unit area of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL). The dry mass of the clay can be found by simply subtracting the manufacturer's reported nominal mass of the geosynthetic component(s) from the total mass of the dry GCL. The moisture content of the GCL can also be determined by subtracting the initial total mass of the GCL from the total mass of the dry GCL.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific precautionary statements.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2009
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5993-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM D5993-14 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D8204-18(2022) - Standard Practice for Burial and Retrieval of Samples in a Test Pad to Evaluate Installation Effects on Geosynthetic Clay Liners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5889/D5889M-18(2022) - Standard Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D8364/D8364M-21 - Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6495/D6495M-18(2022) - Standard Guide for Acceptance Testing Requirements for Geosynthetic Clay Liners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5993 − 99(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
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Measuring Mass Per Unit of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5993; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
Ventilation Ovens
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
the mass per unit area of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
(GCL). The dry mass of the clay can be found by simply
subtracting the manufacturer’s reported nominal mass of the
3. Terminology
geosyntheticcomponent(s)fromthetotalmassofthedryGCL.
The moisture content of the GCL can also be determined by
3.1 Definitions:
subtractingtheinitialtotalmassoftheGCLfromthetotalmass
3.1.1 geosynthetic, n—a planar product manufactured from
of the dry GCL.
polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geo-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as technical engineering related material as an integral part of a
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this man-made project, structure, or system. D4439
standard.
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
geosynthetic material(s). (Currently being balloted under D35
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Committee on Terminology.)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 moisture content, n—that part of the mass of a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for
geosynthetic clay liner that is absorbed water, compared to the
specific precautionary statements.
mass of dry clay.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 oven-dried, adj—the condition of a material that has
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been heated under prescribed conditions of temperature and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
humidityuntilthereisnofurthersignificantchangeinitsmass.
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
D123
D2216Test Methods for Laboratory Determination ofWater
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
4. Summary of Test Method
D4354Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
4.1 The mass per unit area is determined by weighing
D4643Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture)
(oven-dried) specimens of known initial size after drying in an
Content of Soil by Microwave Oven Heating
oven over a sufficient time period to remove the moisture from
D4753Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
the GCL.
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
Construction Materials Testing 4.2 The mass per unit area of the clay component of the
D5261Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of GCL can be estimated by subtracting the manufacturer’s
Geotextiles reported nominal mass per unit area of the synthetic compo-
nent(s) from the total GCL mass per unit area.
NOTE 1—The supplier of the geosynthetic clay liner must be able to
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
verify that the actual mass/unit area of the synthetic component(s) is
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
within 610% of the reported nominal value.Amore accurate estimation
thetic Clay Liners.
of the actual dry clay mass per unit area could be obtained by using the
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
actual average value for the synthetic component(s) (as obtained from the
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5993–99(04). DOI:
manufacturer for the actual lots used to make the GCL) rather than the
10.1520/D5993-99R09.
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nominal value.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.3 The moisture content of the GCLcan be estimated with
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. this test method.
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D5993 − 99 (2009)
5. Significance and Use 8.2 A sample of a GCL should be cut into specimens in a
laboratory using a die or sharp razor blade or razor knife.
5.1 This test method is used to determine if the GCL
material meet
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