ASTM A388/A388M-05

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the examination procedures for the contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heavy steel forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. The straight beam techniques include utilization of the DGS (Distance Gain-Size) method. See Appendix X3.
1.2 This practice is to be used whenever the inquiry, contract, order, or specification states that forgings are to be subject to ultrasonic examination in accordance with Practice A 388/A 388M.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable "M" specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2005
• ICS: 77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
• ICS: 77.140.85 - Iron and steel forgings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.06 - Steel Forgings and Billets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A388/A388M-04 - Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM A388/A388M-07 - Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2007
• Referred By: ASTM A182/A182M-23 - Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A788/A788M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A1049/A1049M-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related Components
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A765/A765M-07(2022) - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A471/A471M-19 - Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A503/A503M-15(2020) - Standard Specification for Ultrasonic Examination of Forged Crankshafts
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A729/A729M-17(2022) - Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Axles, Heat-Treated, for Mass Transit and Electric Railway Service
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A508/A508M-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A960/A960M-23 - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A600-92a(2016) - Standard Specification for Tool Steel High Speed
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A707/A707M-19 - Standard Specification for Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Flanges for Low-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A686-92(2016) - Standard Specification for Tool Steel, Carbon
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A745/A745M-20 - Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Used in USNRC-RDT standards
Designation: A 388/A 388M – 05
Standard Practice for
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Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 388/A 388M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E 317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics
2 of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Examination Instruments and
1.1 Thispractice coverstheexaminationproceduresforthe
Systems Without the Use of Electronic Measurement
contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of heavy steel
Instruments
forgings by the straight and angle-beam techniques. The
E 428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Steel Refer-
straight beam techniques include utilization of the DGS (Dis-
ence Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Inspection
tance Gain-Size) method. See Appendix X3.
E 1065 Guide for Evaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic
1.2 This practice is to be used whenever the inquiry,
Search Units
contract, order, or specification states that forgings are to be
2.2 ANSI Standard:
subject to ultrasonic examination in accordance with Practice
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B 46.1 Surface Texture
A 388/A 388M.
2.3 Other Document:
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Personnel Quali-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
5
fication and Certification SNT-TC-1A, (1988 or later)
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3. Terminology
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1 Definitions:
with the standard.
3.1.1 individual indications—single indications showing a
1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifica-
decrease in amplitude as the search unit is moved in any
tions are expressed in both inch-pound units and SI units.
direction from the position of maximum amplitude and which
However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” speci-
are too small to be considered traveling or planar.
fication designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished
3.1.2 indication levels (clusters)—five or more indications
to inch-pound units.
inavolumerepresentinga2-in.[50-mm]orsmallercubeinthe
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
forging.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 planar indications—indications shall be considered
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
continuous over a plane if they have a major axis greater than
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1 in. [25 mm] or twice the major dimension of the transducer,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
whichever is greater, and do not travel.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.4 traveling indications—inductions whose leading edge
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moves a distance equivalent to 1 in. [25 mm] or more of metal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
depth with movement of the transducer over the surface of the
A 469/A 469M Specification for Vacuum-Treated Steel
forging.
Forgings for Generator Rotors
A 745/A745M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination ofAus-
4. Ordering Information
tenitic Steel Forgings
4.1 When this practice is to be applied to an inquiry,
contract, or order, the purchaser shall so state and shall also
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furnish the following information:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.1 Designation number (including year date),
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
4.1.2 Method of establishing the sensitivity in accordance
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally
with 8.2.2 and 8.3.3 (Vee- or rectangular-notch),
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 388/A 388M – 04.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-388/SA-388M in Section II of that Code.
3 4
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contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlin-
the ASTM website. gate Ln., P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228–0518.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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