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ASTM E887-88(2004)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash

Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of silica in refuse-derived fuel (RDF), RDF ash, fly ash, bottom ash, or slag. The test method is an acid dehydration gravimetric procedure and is independent of interferences. Silicon compounds shall be dissolved by alkali fusion and dehydrated with hydrochloric acid (HCl). Dehydration is completed by ignition, and the silica is volatilized as silicon tetrafluoride.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of silica in RDF, RDF ash, fly ash, bottom ash, or slag.
1.2 The test method is an acid dehydration gravimetric procedure and is independent of interferences.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statement, see Section 6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1995
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E887-88(1996) - Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash
Effective Date
01-Jan-1996
Replaced By
ASTM E887-88(2009) - Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash
Effective Date
01-Jul-2009

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ASTM E887-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF AshASTM E887-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash
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ASTM E887-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E887–88(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Method for
1
Silica in Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) and RDF Ash
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 887; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 Muffle Furnace—The furnace shall have an operating
temperature of up to 1200°C.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of silica in
4.3 Hot Plate or Steam Bath.
RDF, RDF ash, fly ash, bottom ash, or slag.
4.4 Platinum Crucibles, 35 to 85-mL capacity.
1.2 The test method is an acid dehydration gravimetric
4.5 Graphite Crucibles, 35 to 85-mL capacity.
procedure and is independent of interferences.
4.6 Fused Quartz Dishes, 35 to 85-mL capacity.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5. Reagents and Materials
only.
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
used in this test. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard state-
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
ment, see Section 6.
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
2. Referenced Documents accuracy of the determination.
2 5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, reference
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to water shall be understood to mean at least Type III reagent
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
water conforming to Specification D 1193.
E 791 Test Method for Calculating Refuse-Derived Fuel
5.3 Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ), anhydrous powder.
2 3
Analysis Data from As-Determined to Different Bases
5.4 Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), concentrated, sp gr 1.19.
E 829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived-Fuel (RDF)
5.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 3), Mix 1 volume of concen-
Laboratory Samples for Analysis
trated HCl with 3 volumes of water.
E 830 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of
5.6 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 1)—Mix 1 volume of concen-
Refuse-Derived Fuel
trated HCl with 1 volume of water.
E 856 Definitions of Terms and Abbreviations Relating to
5.7 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 99)—Mix 1 volume of concen-
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Refuse-Derived
trated HCl with 99 volumes of water.
Fuel
5.8 Sulfuric Acid (1 + 1)—Mix 1 volume of concentrated
3. Summary of Test Method sulfuric acid (H SO , sp gr 1.84) with 1 volume of water.
2 4
5.9 Hydrofluric Acid (HF), concentrated 48 to 51 %.
3.1 Silicon compounds in RDF ash, fly ash, bottom ash, or
slag are dissolved by alkali fusion and dehydrated with
6. Hazards
hydrochloricacid(HCl).Dehydrationiscompletedbyignition,
6.1 Due to the origins of RDF in municipal waste, common
and the silica is volatilized as silicon tetrafluoride.
sense dictates that precautions should be observed when
4. Apparatus conducting tests on the samples. Recommended hygienic
practices include use of gloves when handling RDF; wearing
4.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to 0.0001 g.
dust masks (NIOSH-approved type), especially while milling
RDF samples; conducting tests under negative pressure hoods
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
when possible; and washing hands before eating or smoking.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03.02 on
Municipal Recovery and Reuse.
Current edition approved March 25, 1988. Published May 1988. Originally
published as E 887 – 82. Last previous edition E 887 – 82.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or “Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,”Am. Chemi-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM cal Soc., Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the American Chemical Society, see “Analar Standards for Laboratory U.K.
the ASTM website. Chemicals,” BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, and the “United States Pharmacopeia.”
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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E88
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