ASTM C215-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended primarily for detecting significant changes in the dynamic modulus of elasticity of laboratory or field test specimens that are undergoing exposure to weathering or other types of potentially deteriorating influences. The test method may also be used to monitor the development of dynamic elastic modulus with increasing maturity of test specimens.
The value of the dynamic modulus of elasticity obtained by this test method will, in general, be greater than the static modulus of elasticity obtained by using Test Method C 469. The difference depends, in part, on the strength level of the concrete.
The conditions of manufacture, the moisture content, and other characteristics of the test specimens (see section on Test Specimens) materially influence the results obtained.
Different computed values for the dynamic modulus of elasticity may result from widely different resonant frequencies of specimens of different sizes and shapes of the same concrete. Therefore, it is not advisable to compare results from specimens of different sizes or shapes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the fundamental transverse, longitudinal, and torsional resonant frequencies of concrete prisms and cylinders for the purpose of calculating dynamic Young's modulus of elasticity, the dynamic modulus of rigidity (sometimes designated as “the modulus of elasticity in shear”), and dynamic Poisson's ratio.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C215 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and
1
Torsional Resonant Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C215; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the fundamen- 3.1 Definitions—Refer toTerminology C125 and the section
tal transverse, longitudinal, and torsional resonant frequencies related to ultrasonic examination in Terminology E1316 for
of concrete prisms and cylinders for the purpose of calculating definitions of terms used in this test method.
dynamic Young’s modulus of elasticity, the dynamic modulus
4. Summary of Test Method
of rigidity (sometimes designated as “the modulus of elasticity
in shear”), and dynamic Poisson’s ratio.
4.1 The fundamental resonant frequencies are determined
using one of two alternative procedures: (1) the forced reso-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
nance method or (2) the impact resonance method. Regardless
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
of which testing procedure is selected, the same procedure is to
standard.
be used for all specimens of an associated series.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Intheforcedresonancemethod,asupportedspecimenis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
forced to vibrate by an electro-mechanical driving unit. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
specimen response is monitored by a lightweight pickup unit
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
on the specimen. The driving frequency is varied until the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
measured specimen response reaches a maximum amplitude.
2. Referenced Documents
The value of the frequency causing maximum response is the
2
resonant frequency of the specimen. The fundamental frequen-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cies for the three different modes of vibration are obtained by
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
proper location of the driver and the pickup unit.
Specimens in the Field
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
4.3 In the impact resonance method, a supported specimen
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
is struck with a small impactor and the specimen response is
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
measured by a lightweight accelerometer on the specimen.The
gregates
output of the accelerometer is recorded. The fundamental
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
frequency of vibration is determined by using digital signal
Specimens in the Laboratory
processing methods or counting zero crossings in the recorded
C469 Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and
waveform. The fundamental frequencies for the three different
Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression
modes of vibration are obtained by proper location of the
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
impact point and the accelerometer.
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
5. Significance and Use
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
5.1 This test method is intended primarily for detecting
significant changes in the dynamic modulus of elasticity of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
laboratory or field test specimens that are undergoing exposure
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.64 on Nondestructive and In-Place Testing.
to weathering or other types of potentially deteriorating influ-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
ences. The test method may also be used to monitor the
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C215 – 02. DOI:
development of dynamic elastic modulus with increasing
10.1520/C0215-08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or maturity of test specimens.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2 The value of the dynamic modulus of elasticity obtained
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. by this test method will, in general, be greater than the static
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C215 – 02 Designation:C215 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and
1
Torsional Resonant Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 215; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the fundamental transverse, longitudinal, and torsional resonant frequencies of
concrete prisms and cylinders for the purpose of calculating dynamic Young’s modulus of elasticity, the dynamic modulus of
rigidity (sometimes designated as “the modulus of elasticity in shear”), and dynamic Poisson’s ratio.
1.2Values in SI units are the standard.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 31/C 31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C 42/C 42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C 469 Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C 125 and the section related to ultrasonic examination in Terminology E 1316 for
definitions of terms used in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The fundamental resonant frequencies are determined using one of two alternative procedures: (1) the forced resonance
method or (2) the impact resonance method. Regardless of which testing procedure is selected, the same procedure is to be used
for all specimens of an associated series.
4.2 In the forced resonance method, a supported specimen is forced to vibrate by an electro-mechanical driving unit. The
specimen response is monitored by a lightweight pickup unit on the specimen. The driving frequency is varied until the measured
specimen response reaches a maximum amplitude. The value of the frequency causing maximum response is the resonant
frequency of the specimen. The fundamental frequencies for the three different modes of vibration are obtained by proper location
of the driver and the pickup unit.
4.3 In the impact resonance method, a supported specimen is struck with a small impactor and the specimen response is
measuredbyalightweightaccelerometeronthespecimen.Theoutputoftheaccelerometerisrecorded.Thefundamentalfrequency
of vibration is determined by using digital signal processing methods or counting zero crossings in the recorded waveform. The
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.64 on
Nondestructive and In-Place Testing.
e1
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C215–97 .
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 215 – 02.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C215–08
fundamental frequencies for the three different modes of vibration are obtained by proper location of the
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