ASTM G147-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
Standard Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Weathering is an inherently variable science due to the fact that weather itself is variable. In addition, there can be variability in results in artificial accelerated testing even when all devices are running identical exposure cycles. Therefore, it is essential to control all factors as much as possible in order to reduce the overall source of error.
Proper handling of specimens is extremely important for maintaining the integrity of the material being evaluated. Damage to specimens caused by improper handling and labeling can adversely affect the validity of the testing program, causing loss of money and time. Improper handling can introduce nonstandard procedures into the protocol which may be a significant source of variability, adversely affecting the overall precision of results obtained. Improper handling may also introduce a bias in the results obtained.
Changes to materials can occur even under a seemingly benign conditioning environment, especially if the specimen has already been exposed. Therefore it is necessary to minimize the number and length of non-testing periods in order that the exposure is the only cause of further changes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers specimen preparation, identification, packing, shipping, handling, and conditioning before, during, and after natural and artificial weathering testing.
1.2 This practice includes details on the conditioning of specimens after exposure and before examination. This practice also covers long-term storage of file specimens.
1.3 Conditioning in this practice does not refer to the specific act of exposing the specimens to the weathering factors.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard describing procedures for identification, shipping, conditioning, and handling of specimens intended for natural or artificial weathering tests. ISO 139 and ISO 291 describe procedures used for conditioning specimens prior to and during physical property testing.
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Designation:G147 −09
Standard Practice for
Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for
1
Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ing of Nonmetallic Materials
G24 Practice for Conducting Exposures to Daylight Filtered
1.1 This practice covers specimen preparation,
Through Glass
identification, packing, shipping, handling, and conditioning
G90 Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weather-
before, during, and after natural and artificial weathering
ing of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural
testing.
Sunlight
1.2 This practice includes details on the conditioning of
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural andArtificial Weath-
specimens after exposure and before examination. This prac-
ering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
tice also covers long-term storage of file specimens.
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-
erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
1.3 Conditioning in this practice does not refer to the
specific act of exposing the specimens to the weathering G152 Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon Arc Light
Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
factors.
G153 Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
G154 PracticeforOperatingFluorescentLightApparatusfor
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
G155 Practice for Operating XenonArc LightApparatus for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
NOTE1—ThereisnoequivalentISOstandarddescribingproceduresfor
2.2 Other Documents:
identification, shipping, conditioning, and handling of specimens intended
ISO 139 Textiles—Standard Atmosphere for Conditioning
for natural or artificial weathering tests. ISO 139 and ISO 291 describe
3
and Testing
procedures used for conditioning specimens prior to and during physical
property testing. ISO 291 Plastics—Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning
3
and Testing
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 The definitions given in Terminologies E41 and G113
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
are applicable to this practice.
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
3.2 Unless otherwise stated, use of the term “specimens” in
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
this practice refers to specimens of the test material and of any
D3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and
applicablereferenceorcontrolmaterialsincludedaspartofthe
Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
exposure experiment.
E41 Terminology Relating To Conditioning
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
G7 Practice for Atmospheric Environmental Exposure Test-
3.3.1 handling, n—the management of a specimen between
exposure periods, or prior to, or after an exposure test.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee G03 on Weathering
4. Significance and Use
and Durability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G03.01 on Joint
Weathering Projects.
4.1 Weathering is an inherently variable science due to the
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originally
fact that weather itself is variable. In addition, there can be
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as G147 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/G0147-09. variability in results in artificial accelerated testing even when
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G147−09
all devices are running identical exposure cycles. Therefore, it frames used for outdoor exposures, or in specimen holders
is essential to control all factors as much as possi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G147–02 Designation: G 147 – 09
Standard Practice for
Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for
1
Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers specimen preparation, identification, packing, shipping, handling, and conditioning before, during, and
after natural and artificial weathering testing.
1.2 This practice includes details on the conditioning of specimens after exposure and before examination. This practice also
covers long-term storage of file specimens.
1.3 Conditioning in this practice does not refer to the specific act of exposing the specimens to the weathering factors.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard describing procedures for identification, shipping, conditioning, and handling of specimens intended for
natural or artificial weathering tests. ISO 139 and ISO 291 describe procedures used for conditioning specimens prior to and during physical property
testing.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D 1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusively-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquers,Lacquer, and Related
Materials
E41 Terminology Relating to Conditioning
E171Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
3
E284Terminology of Appearance
5
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics Terminology Relating To Conditioning
G7 Practice for Atmospheric Environmental Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic Materials
G24 Practice for Conducting Exposures to Daylight Filtered Through Glass
G90 Practice for PerformingAccelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natural Sunlight
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
G 151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices Thatthat Use Laboratory Light Sources
G 152 Practice for Operating Open Flame Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
G 153 Practice for Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
G 154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Apparatus for UV Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials
G 155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonm-Metallic Materials
2.2 Other Documents:
3
ISO 139 Textiles—Standard Atmosphere for Conditioning and Testing
3
ISO 291 Plastics—Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G03 on Durability of Nonmetallic Materials Weathering and Durability and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee G03.01 on Joint Weathering Projects.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002.Feb. 1, 2009. Published March 2003.2009. Originally published as G147–96.approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved
in 2002 as G147–96.G 147–02.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G147–09
3. Terminology
3.1 The definitions given in Terminologies E 41 and G 113 are applicable to this practice.
3.2 Unless otherwise stated, u
...
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