ASTM F3111-16

Standard Specification for Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A2.4 Significance and Use
A2.4.1 This test method describes the testing procedure that shall be used to qualify material for use in ASTM F3111 bolts made of any steel composition permitted by this specification. The test method measures the susceptibility of the material to the influence of an externally applied potential (see A2.7.2.3.2) by testing for the threshold of embrittlement in a salt solution environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers heat treated, alloy steel, heavy hex structural bolt/nut/washer assemblies, also referred to as “sets,” having a tensile strength of 200 to 215 ksi. These assemblies are capable of developing a minimum predetermined tension when installed by applying an initial torque followed by rotation to the nut or bolt head, while at the same time preventing the rotation of the opposite side of the assembly.
Note 1: The installations in Appendix X1 are important to the proper application of this product.  
1.2 An assembly consists of a heavy hex structural head bolt, nut and two washers covered by this specification.  
1.3 The assemblies are available in sizes 1 in. to 1 1/4 in. inclusive.  
1.4 The fastener assemblies are intended for use in structural connections in the following environmental conditions:  
1.4.1 Interiors, normally dry, including interiors where structural steel is embedded in concrete, encased in masonry or protected by membrane or noncorrosive contact type fireproofing.  
1.4.2 Interiors and exteriors, normally dry, under roof, where the installed assemblies are soundly protected by a shop-applied or field-applied coating to the structural steel system.  
1.5 The fastener assemblies are not intended for use in structural connections in the following environments, with or without protection by a shop-applied or field-applied coating to the structural steel system:  
1.5.1 Exteriors not under roof.  
1.5.2 Chemical environments in which strong concentrations of highly corrosive gases, fumes, or chemicals, either in solution or as concentrated liquids or solids, contact the fasteners or their protective coating.  
1.5.3 Heavy industrial environments severe enough to be classified as a chemical environment as described in 1.5.2.  
1.5.4 Condensation and high humidity environments maintaining almost continuous condensation, including submerged in water and soil.  
1.5.5 Cathodically protected environments, in which current is applied to the structural steel system by the sacrificial anode method or the DC power method.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 13, Section 14 and Annex A2 of this Specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2016
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F3111-14 - Standard Specification for Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1470-24 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM F519-23 - Standard Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1789-23 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F2660-20 - Standard Test Method for Qualifying Coatings for Use on F3125 Grade A490 Structural Bolts Relative to Environmental Hydrogen Embrittlement
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Refers: ASTM G3-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Conventions Applicable to Electrochemical Measurements in Corrosion Testing
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM F1624-12(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Embrittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental Step Loading Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM F519-18 - Standard Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM F788-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM F1470-18 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM F519-17a - Standard Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Refers: ASTM F1789-17 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM F519-17 - Standard Test Method for Mechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM F606/F606M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM F1789-16 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016

Overview

ASTM F3111-16 - Standard Specification for Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength establishes requirements for high-strength fastener assemblies used in structural steel construction. Issued by ASTM International, this standard covers heavy hex head bolts, matching nuts, and washers, designed and tested as preassembled sets. These components are crucial for ensuring safety, reliability, and performance in key structural connections, particularly where very high tension forces are required.

Key Topics

• Scope and Coverage

  • Applies to heavy hex structural bolts, nuts, and washers made from heat-treated alloy steel.
  • Specifies a tensile strength range of 200 to 215 ksi for assemblies.
  • Assemblies covered include bolt, nut, and two washers designed to work as a single fastener set.

• Intended Use

  • Designed for use in dry interior environments and protected under-roof areas.
  • Suitable where the steel is shielded by applied coatings, embedded in concrete, or encased in masonry/fireproofing.

• Testing and Qualification

  • Requires mechanical property tests, including hardness, tensile, and proof load tests on bolts, nuts, and washers.
  • Mandates a method for evaluating susceptibility to environmental hydrogen embrittlement via test in salt solution.
  • Includes guidelines for sampling and lots to ensure quality and compliance.

• Material and Processing

  • Defines allowable alloy steel compositions using basic oxygen or electric-furnace processes.
  • Heat treatment procedures specified for enhanced mechanical properties and durability.
  • Prohibits certain types of metallic coatings directly applied to bolts, nuts, and washers.

• Marking, Certification, and Traceability

  • Requires unique manufacturer identification marking on each assembly component.
  • Detailed documentation and labeling for traceability from production to installation.

Applications

ASTM F3111-16 fastener assemblies are primarily intended for critical structural steel connections in the construction, infrastructure, and heavy engineering sectors.

• Building Construction

  • Used in steel frames, bridges, towers, industrial buildings, and high-rise structures.
  • Essential where pre-tensioned, high-strength fastener assemblies are specified for joint integrity.

• Structural Steel Connections

  • Designed for installations where the bolts and nuts must incorporate a minimum initial torque and subsequent rotation to achieve required preload tension.
  • Ideal for interior connections and environments protected from water, condensation, and aggressive chemicals.

• Limitations

  • Not suitable for exposed exterior use, chemical processing plants, or areas with high moisture, continuous condensation, or cathodic protection systems.
  • Use of these assemblies in inappropriate environments can compromise performance and durability.

Related Standards

For enhanced compliance and compatibility, ASTM F3111-16 references several related standards, including:

• ASTM F606/F606M - Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners
• ASTM F788 & F812 - Specifications for surface discontinuities of bolts and nuts
• ASTM A751 - Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• ASME B1.3 & B1.15 - Screw thread gaging systems and unified inch threads
• ASME B18.2.6 - Fastener dimensions for structural applications

Practical Value

Adhering to ASTM F3111-16 assures project stakeholders of robust, consistent, and tested high-strength fastener assemblies. Proper application of these standardized products ensures long-term structural safety, reduces risk of connection failure, and facilitates easy sourcing and inspection. This standard also helps streamline compliance with international and local building codes, supporting smooth construction project delivery.

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Keywords: ASTM F3111-16, heavy hex structural bolts, nut/washer assemblies, alloy steel fasteners, 200 ksi tensile strength, structural steel connections, high-strength fastener standard, building construction fasteners, ASTM standards for structural bolts

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3111 −16
Standard Specification for
Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy
1,2
Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The fastener assemblies are not intended for use in
structural connections in the following environments, with or
1.1 This specification covers heat treated, alloy steel, heavy
withoutprotectionbyashop-appliedorfield-appliedcoatingto
hex structural bolt/nut/washer assemblies, also referred to as
the structural steel system:
“sets,” having a tensile strength of 200 to 215 ksi. These
1.5.1 Exteriors not under roof.
assemblies are capable of developing a minimum predeter-
1.5.2 Chemical environments in which strong concentra-
mined tension when installed by applying an initial torque
tions of highly corrosive gases, fumes, or chemicals, either in
followed by rotation to the nut or bolt head, while at the same
solution or as concentrated liquids or solids, contact the
time preventing the rotation of the opposite side of the
fasteners or their protective coating.
assembly.
1.5.3 Heavy industrial environments severe enough to be
NOTE 1—The installations in Appendix X1 are important to the proper
classified as a chemical environment as described in 1.5.2.
application of this product.
1.5.4 Condensation and high humidity environments main-
1.2 An assembly consists of a heavy hex structural head taining almost continuous condensation, including submerged
in water and soil.
bolt, nut and two washers covered by this specification.
1.5.5 Cathodicallyprotectedenvironments,inwhichcurrent
1.3 The assemblies are available in sizes 1 in. to 1 ⁄4 in.
is applied to the structural steel system by the sacrificial anode
inclusive.
method or the DC power method.
1.4 The fastener assemblies are intended for use in struc-
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
tural connections in the following environmental conditions:
regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are
1.4.1 Interiors, normally dry, including interiors where
included in this standard.
structural steel is embedded in concrete, encased in masonry or
1.7 The following precautionary statement pertains only to
protected by membrane or noncorrosive contact type fireproof-
the test method portions, Section 13, Section 14 and AnnexA2
ing.
ofthisSpecification: This standard does not purport to address
1.4.2 Interiors and exteriors, normally dry, under roof,
all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
where the installed assemblies are soundly protected by a
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
shop-applied or field-applied coating to the structural steel
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
system.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
Nuts, Rivets and Washers.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published May 2016. originally
cal Analysis of Steel Products
approved in 2014. last previous edition approved in 2014 as F3111–14. DOI:
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
10.1520/F3111-16.
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
The "Heavy-Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength" of Grade 2 is covered by US patent
number 7 070 664, July 4, 2006. Interested parties are invited to submit information
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights
asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
responsibility. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3111−16
F788 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, 5.1.4 All washers used in the assembly shall be circular and
Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series through hardened.
F812 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Nuts, Inch 5.1.5 Protective Coatings—The bolts, nuts and washers
and Metric Series shall not be coated by hot dip zinc coating, mechanical
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me- deposition, electroplating, dip-spin, dip-drain, or spray meth-
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection ods with zinc or other metallic coatings.
F1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
NOTE 3—Protective coatings may be shop-applied or field-applied to
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and
installed assemblies.
Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel
5.1.6 Lubrication:
Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts
5.1.6.1 The assemblies shall be lubricated by the manufac-
2.2 ASME Standards:
turer to meet the Assembly Lot Tension Test requirements in
B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Acceptability: Inch
Section 8.
and Metric Screw Threads (UN, UNR, UNJ, M, and MJ)
5.1.6.2 Lubrication in addition to that applied by the manu-
B1.15 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UNJ Thread Form)
facturer is permitted, provided the Assembly Lot Tension Test
B18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications
requirements in Section 8 are met.
5.1.7 Secondary Processing—Secondary processing shall
3. Terminology
notbepermittedtoanassemblylot,exceptthatlubricationmay
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
be added as provided in 5.1.6.2.
3.1.1 The definition of terms used in this specification shall
5.2 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
beasspecifiedinTerminologyF1789,unlessotherwisedefined
5.2.1 Heat Treatment:
herein.
5.2.1.1 If phosphate coating has been applied to the raw
3.1.2 component lot, n—component lot, for the purpose of
material, the residual phosphate shall be removed prior to heat
assigning an identification number and from which test
treatment, and a record of the application of this processing
samples shall be selected, shall consist of all bolts, all nuts or
step shall be maintained by the processor.
all washers processed essentially together through all opera-
5.2.1.2 Heavy hex structural bolts shall be heat treated by
tions to the shipping container, of which each component has
quenching in oil from the austenitizing temperature and then
thefollowingcommoncharacteristics:heatnumber(millheat);
tempering by reheating to a temperature not less than 1000°F.
nominal dimensions (size), grade, and heat treatment lot.
5.2.2 Thread—The threads of heavy hex structural bolts
3.1.3 manufacturer, n—entity that assembles, lubricates,
shall be rolled.
tests, and certifies compliance with this specification.
5.3 Nuts:
4. Ordering Information
5.3.1 Nuts shall be made by hot forming.
5.3.2 Nuts shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid
4.1 Orders for assemblies shall include the items of infor-
medium from a temperature above the transformation tempera-
mation below. Optional items not on the purchase order shall
ture and tempering at a temperature of at least 850°F.
be considered as not being required (see Note 2):
5.3.3 Threads shall be formed by tapping.
4.1.1 Quantity of assemblies,
4.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, bolt length, and
5.4 Washers:
thread pitch,
5.4.1 Washers shall be through hardened.
4.1.3 Grade, that is, Grade 1 or Grade 2,
4.1.4 Name of product, that is, heavy hex structural bolt/
6. Chemical Composition
nut/washer assemblies,
6.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of publication, and
6.1.1 Steel for bolts shall be made by the basic oxygen
4.1.6 Special requirements, if required.
process.
NOTE 2—A typical order description follows: 1000 assemblies, 1 ⁄4
6.1.2 Bolts shall be alloy steel conforming to the chemical
diameter by 4 in. long with 7 threads per inch, Grade 2, Heavy Hex
composition in Table 1.
Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, ASTM F3111-14.
6.1.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on
5. Materials and Manufacture finished bolts representing each lot. The chemical composition
shall conform to the requirements in Table 1, ProductAnalysis.
5.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies:
6.1.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium,
5.1.1 The bolts shall be heavy hex structural bolts.
lead or boron has been intentionally added shall not be
5.1.2 The assemblies shall consist of one heavy hex struc-
permitted.
tural bolt, with one nut and two washers assembled on the bolt
6.1.5 Compliance with 6.1.4 shall be based on certification
and the nut threaded on the bolt a minimum of one turn.
that heats of steel having any of the listed elements intention-
5.1.3 All nuts shall be heavy hex structural.
ally added were not used to produce the bolts.
6.1.6 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org. 6.2 Nuts:
F3111−16
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Bolts TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements for Washers
Composition, %
NOTE 1—Aluminum, cobalt, niobium/columbium, nickel, titanium,
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
tungsten, zirconium, or any other alloying elements may be added to
obtain the desired alloying effect.
min max min max
Composition, % Carbon 0.42 0.48 0.40 0.50
Manganese 0.60 0.90 0.57 0.93
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
Silicon 0.15 0.35 0.13 0.37
min max min max
Phosphorus . . . 0.030 . . . 0.035
Carbon 0.38 0.42 0.36 0.44 Sulfur . . . 0.030 . . . 0.035
Manganese 0.40 0.60 0.37 0.63
Phosphorus . . . 0.01 . . . 0.015
Sulfur . . . 0.01 . . . 0.015
TABLE 4 Hardness Requirements for Bolts
Silicon . . . 0.10 . . . 0.12
Chromium 1.20 1.40 1.15 1.45
Rockwell C
Bolt Size, in. Bolt Length, in.
Molybdenum 0.60 0.80 0.57 0.83
Min Max
Vanadium 0.30 0.40 0.27 0.43
1to1 ⁄4, incl all 38 45
6.2.1 Steel for nuts shall be made by the basic oxygen or
7.1.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full size testing
electric-furnace process.
impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall
6.2.2 Nuts shall conform to the chemical composition in
conform to the requirements specified in Table 6. When bolts
Table 2.
are tested by both full size and machined specimen methods,
6.2.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on
the full size test shall take precedence.
finished nuts representing each lot. The chemical composition
7.1.2.3 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests
shall conform to the requirements in Table 2, ProductAnalysis.
are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall
6.2.4 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance
take precedence in the event of low hardness readings.
with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
7.1.2.4 Sample bolts shall be used to verify that the alloy
6.3 Washers:
steel material and heat treatment provides resistance to Envi-
6.3.1 Steel used in the manufacture of washers shall be
ronmental Hydrogen Embrittlement (EHE), in accordance with
produced by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnace process.
the requirements of Annex A2.
6.3.2 Washers shall conform to the chemical composition
7.2 Nuts:
specified in Table 3.
7.2.1 Nutsshallconformtothesurfacehardnessspecifiedin
6.3.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on
Table 7.
finished washers representing each lot. The chemical compo-
7.2.2 Nuts shall withstand the proof load stress specified in
sition shall conform to the requirements in Table 3, Product
Table 8.
Analysis.
7.3 Washers:
6.3.4 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance
7.3.1 Washers shall conform to the core hardness specified
with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
in Table 9.
7. Mechanical Property Requirements for Heavy Hex
8. Assembly Lot Tension Test
Bolts, Nuts and Washers
8.1 Purpose—The assembly lot test hall be performed on
7.1 Heavy Hex Bolts:
fastener assemblies to determine the ability of the assembly to
7.1.1 Hardness—Bolts shall conform to the hardness speci-
provide the required initial tension range when the initial
fied in Table 4.
torque is applied, and to provide the minimum required
7.1.2 Tensile Properties:
pretension when the final rotation is applied.
7.1.2.1 Bolts shall be wedge tested full size and shall
conform to the minimum and maximum wedge tensile load,
8.2 Requirement—Full size completed assemblies shall be
and proof load or alternative proof load specified in Table 5.
tested in accordance with 14.4. When the specified torque in
Theloadachievedduringproofloadtestingshallbeequaltoor
Table 10 Column 1 is applied, an initial bolt tension shall
greater than the specified proof load.
conforming to the requirements of Table 10 Columns 2 and 3.
When the Final Rotation specified in Table 10 Column 4 is
subsequently applied, the minimum bolt tension shall conform
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Nuts
to the requirements of Table 10 Column 5.
Composition, %
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
9. Carburization/Decarburization of Heavy Hex
min max min max Structural Bolts
Carbon 0.30 0.48 0.28 0.50
9.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence or absence
Manganese 0.60 0.90 0.57 0.93
of carburization and decarburization as determined by the
Silicon 0.15 0.35 0.13 0.37
Phosphorus . . . 0.050 . . . 0.055
difference in microhardness near the surface and core.
Sulfur . . . 0.050 . . . 0.055
9.2 Requirements:
F3111−16
TABLE 5 Tensile Requirements for Full Size Bolts
Proof Load, Alternative Proof Load,
C
Tensile Load, lbf
A,B lbf lbf
Bolt Size,
Stress Area,
Threads per in. in.
Length Measurement Yield Strength
Min Max
Method Method
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
Grade 1
1 in. - 8 0.615 123 100 132 300 98 500 119 100
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.776 155 200 166 800 124 200 139 700
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 0.983 196 700 211 400 157 400 177 000
Grade 2
1 in. - 8 0.640 128 000 137 700 102 400 115 200
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.808 161 600 173 600 129 300 145 400
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 1.019 203 800 219 100 163 000 183 400
A
The stress area for Grade 1 is calculated as: A 50.7854f0.5 d 1 d g
s d
s 3max 2max
B
The stress area for Grade 2 is calculated in accordance with Annex A1.
C
Loads tabulated are based on the following:
Bolt Size, in. Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
1to1 ⁄4 200 000 psi 215 000 psi 160 000 psi 180 000 psi
TABLE 6 Tensile Strength Requirements for Specimens TABLE 9 Core Hardness Requirements for Washers
Machined from Bolts
Rockwell C
Yield
Min 40 Max 45
Elongation
Strength Reduction
Nominal
Tensile in 2 in. or
(0.2 % of Area,
Bolt
Strength, ksi 50 mm,
offset), min, %
Diameter,
min, %
min, ksi
in.
min max
10. Dimensions of Heavy Hex Structural Bolts, Nuts, and
1to
200 215 180 14 40
Washers
1 ⁄4, incl
10.1 Heavy Hex Bolts:
10.1.1 Bolts shall be furnished with heavy hex structural
TABLE 7 Hardness Requirements for Nuts
heads.
Surface Hardness, Rockwell C
10.1.2 The head and body dimensions shall conform to the
Bolt Size, in.
Min Max
dimensional requirements in Table 11, and ASME B18.2.6
1to1 ⁄4, incl 30 40
section 2.1.1 for top of head, 2.1.5 for true position of head,
2.1.6 for bearing surface, 2.1.9.3 for incomplete thread
diameter, 2.1.10 for point, and 2.1.11 for straightness.
TABLE 8 Proof Load Requirements for Nuts
10.1.3 Threads:
Stress Area, Proof Load Nut Proof
10.1.3.1 The thread length shall be as specified in Table 11.
Nominal Size,
A,B C
Stress,
A , Load,
s
Threads per inch
10.1.3.2 Threads for Grade 1 shall have the coarse series,
in. lbf
ksi
class 2A UNJ thread as specified in ASME B1.15.
Grade 1
1 in. - 8 0.615 200 123 100
10.1.3.3 Threads for Grade 2 shall be as specified in Annex
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.776 200 155 200
A1, and shall have Class 2Atolerances as calculated in section
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 0.983 200 196 700
4.3.3 of ASME B1.15.
Grade 2
1 in. - 8 0.640 200 128 000
10.1.3.4 The gauging limit for bolts shall be verified during
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.808 200 161 600
manufacture. In case of purchaser/supplier controversy over
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 1.019 200 203 800
thread compliance, System 21 ofASME B1.3 shall be used for
A
The stress area for Grade 1 is calculated as:
referee purposes.
A 50.7854 0.5 d 1 d
f s dg
s 3max 2max
B
10.2 Nuts:
The stress area for Grade 2 is calculated in accordance with Annex A1.
C
To determine nut proof load in pounds, multiply the appropriate nut proof load
10.2.1 The dimensions for nuts shall conform to the dimen-
stress by the tensile stress area of the thread.
sional requirements in Table 12, and ASME B18.2.6, sections
3.1.4, 3.1.5 and 3.1.6.
10.2.2 Threads for nuts for Grade 1 shall be coarse series,
class 2B UNJ thread as specified in ASME B1.15.
9.2.1 Carburization—The assemblies shall show no evi-
10.2.3 Threads for nuts for Grade 2 shall be as specified in
dence of a carburized surface when evaluated in accordance
AnnexA1, and shall have Class 2B tolerances as calculated in
with 14.1.4.
section 4.3.4 of ASME B1.15.
9.2.2 Decarburization—Hardness value differences shall
not exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization in 10.3 Washers:
TestMethodF2328forclass3/4Hmaterialswhenevaluatedin 10.3.1 All circular washers shall conform to the dimensions
accordance with 14.1.4. shown in Table 13.
F3111−16
TABLE 10 Assembly Lot Tension Test Requirements
Tension
Initital Initial Final Final
Initial Torque lbs, min
Tension Tension Rotation Tension
(ft-lbs) (for information
Bolt Size, in. A B C D
lbs, min lbs, max (degrees) lbs, min
E
only)
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
Grade 1
1 400 30 000 86 000 180 90 000 86 000
1 ⁄8 600 38 000 109 000 180 114 000 109 000
1 ⁄4 900 48 300 138 000 180 145 000 138 000
Grade 2
1 400 31 000 90 000 180 94 000 90 000
1 ⁄8 600 40 000 113 000 180 119 000 113 000
1 ⁄4 900 50 000 143 000 180 150 000 143 000
A
The values in Column 2 are based upon 35% of the values in Column 6, rounded to the nearest 1000 lbs (kip).
B
The values in Column 3 are equal to the values in Column 6.
C
Tolerance for Final Rotation in Column 4 as applied for this test is ± 15 degrees.
D
The values in Column 5 are based upon 105% of the values in Column 6, rounded to the nearest 1000 lbs (kip).
E
The values in Column 6 are equal to 70% of the specified minimum tensile strength for tests of full size F3111 bolts tested in axial tension and are rounded to the nearest
1000 lbs (kip).
10.3.2 Thedeviationfromflatnessshallnotexceed0.010in. for longitudinal discontinuities and transverse cracks in the
per inch as the maximum deviation from a straight edge placed threads, body, fillet, and underside of the head.
on the cut side.
12.2.2 Magnetic particle inspection shall be conducted in
10.3.3 Circular runout of the outside diameter with respect
accordance with Guide E709 or Practice E1444/E1444M.
to the hole shall not exceed 0.030 FIM.
Guide E709 shall be used for referee purposes. If any noncon-
10.3.4 Burrs shall not project above the immediately adja-
forming bolt is found during the manufacturers examination of
cent washer surface more than 0.010 in.
the lot selected in 12.2.1, the lot shall be 100 % magnetic
particle tested and all nonconforming bolts shall be removed
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
and scrapped or destroyed.
11.1 For heavy hex structural bolts, the allowable limits, 12.2.3 Eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection may be
substituted for the 100 % magnetic particle inspection when
inspection, and evaluation of the surface discontinuities,
quenchcracks,forgingcracks,headbursts,shearbursts,seams, nonconforming bolts are found and 100 % inspection is
required. On completion of the eddy current or liquid penetrant
folds, thread laps, voids, tool marks, nicks, and gouges shall be
in accordance with Specification F788 except that threads shall inspection, a random sample selected from each bolt lot in
accordance with Guide F1470, shall be reexamined by the
have no laps at the root or on the flanks located below the pitch
line, when inspected in accordance with Specification F788, magnetic particle method. In case of controversy, the magnetic
S1.2. particle test shall take precedence.
12.2.4 Magnetic particle indications of themselves shall not
11.2 For the nut component, the allowable limits,
be cause for rejection. If in the opinion of the quality assurance
inspection, and evaluation of surface discontinuities, quench
representative the indications may be cause for rejection, a
cracks, forging cracks, inclusion cracks, bursts, shear bursts,
sample taken in accordance with Guide F1470 shall be
seams, voids, tool marks, nicks and gouges shall be in
examined by microscopic examination or removal by surface
accordance with Specification F812.
grinding to determine if the indicated discontinuities are within
11.3 Washers shall be free of excess mill scale and foreign
Specification F788 limits.
material on bearing surfaces.
13. Testing
12. Magnetic Particle Inspection for Heavy Hex
Structural Bolt Longitudinal Discontinuities and 13.1 Testing Responsibility:
Transverse Cracks
13.1.1 Each component lot and assembly lot shall be tested
by the manufacturer prior to shipment in accordance with the
12.1 Requirements:
lot identification control quality assurance plan in 13.4.
12.1.1 Each sample representative of the bolt lot shall be
13.1.2 When components or assemblies are furnished by a
magnetic particle inspected for longitudinal discontinuities and
source other than the manufacturer, the responsible party as
transverse cracks.
defined in Section 18 shall be responsible for assuring all tests
12.1.2 The lot, as represented by the sample, shall be free
have been performed and the components and assemblies
from nonconforming bolts, as defined in Specification F788,
comply with the requirements of this specification.
when inspected in accordance with Section 12.2.
12.2 Inspection Procedure: 13.2 Purpose of Lot Inspection—The purpose of a lot
12.2.1 The inspection sample shall be selected at random inspection program is to ensure that each lot conforms to the
from each bolt lot in accordance with 13.4.2.4 and examined requirements of this specification. For such a plan to be fully
F3111−16
TABLE 11 Heavy Hex Bolts
NOTE 1—The bolt length L shall be the distance measured parallel to the axis of the bolt from the bearing surface of the head to the center point of
the groove through which shear will occur. Bolts are normally supplied in ⁄4 in. length increments.
NOTE 2—For bolts 1 in. diameter with length up to 6 in., inclusive, length tolerance is ⁄16 in. underlength. For longer 1 in. diameter bolts and other
diameters, length tolerance is ⁄4 in. underlength.
NOTE 3—FIM = Full Indicator Movement.
1 1
Nominal Size 11 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
Basic Diameter, E, in. 1.000 1.125 1.250
Full-Size Body Diameter E, in. max 1.022 1.149 1.277
min 0.976 1.098 1.223
A
5 13
Width Across Flats, F, in. nom 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄16 2
max 1.625 1.812 2.000
min 1.575 1.756 1.938
Width Across Corners, G, in. max 1.876 2.093 2.309
min 1.796 2.002 2.209
B
39 11 25
Head Height, H, in. nom ⁄64 ⁄16 ⁄32
max 0.627 0.718 0.813
min 0.591 0.658 0.749
3 3 7
Radius of Fillet, R, in. nom ⁄32 ⁄32 ⁄64
max 0.110 0.110 0.138
min 0.087 0.087 0.098
59 1 5
Transition Body Diameter, E , in. nom ⁄64 1 ⁄32 1 ⁄32
R
max 0.933 1.046 1.171
min 0.917 1.030 1.155
Body Transition Length, Y , in. nom 0.305 0.354 0.354
max 0.394 0.450 0.450
min 0.207 0.244 0.244
1 9 9
Reduced Body Length, L , in. nom ⁄2 ⁄16 ⁄16
R
max 0.625 0.715 0.715
min 0.375 0.429 0.429
C
Transition Thread Length Y ,in. Ref 0.31 0.34 0.34
D
Thread Length, L ,in. Ref 2.049 2.322 2.322
T
E
Maximum Total Runout of Bearing Surface FIM, in. 0.028 0.032 0.035
A
See ASME B18.2.6, sections 2.1.2 and 2.1.3.
B
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.4.
C
Transition thread length, Y , is a reference dimension, intended for calculation purposes only, that represents the length of incomplete threads and tolerance on grip
gaging length.
D
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.10.2.
E
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.6.
effective, it is essential that distributors and purchasers main- distributors shall identify and maintain the integrity of each lot
tain the identification and integrity of each lot until the
of components and finished assemblies from raw material
assemblies are installed.
selection through all processing operations and treatments to
final packing and shipment. Each component lot shall be
13.3 Lot Control—All components shall be manufactured,
assigned its own component lot number and each assembly lot
processed, and tested in accordance with a lot control plan that
its own assembly lot number.
provides lot purity and lot identification.The manufacturer and
F3111−16
TABLE 12 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions
NOTE 1—Bearing surfaces shall be flat and perpendicular to the axis of the threaded hole within the total runout (FIM) tabulated for the respective nut
size.
NOTE 2—The tops of washer faced nuts shall be flat and the diameter of chamfer circle shall be equal to the maximum width across flats within a
tolerance of -15%. The length of chamfer at hex comers shall be 5% to 15% of the basic thread diameter. The surface of chamfer may be slightly convex
or rounded.
NOTE 3—FIM = Full Indicator Movement.
1 1
Nominal Size 11 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
1.000 1.125 1.250
A
5 13
Width Across Flats, F, in. nom 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄16 2
max 1.625 1.812 2.000
min 1.575 1.756 1.938
B
Width Across Corners, G, in. max 1.876 2.093 2.309
min 1.796 2.002 2.209
C
3 11 15
Thickness, H, in. nom 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄32 1 ⁄32
max 1.214 1.367 1.501
min 1.147 1.295 1.424
1 1 1
Washer Face Height, in. nom ⁄64 ⁄64 ⁄64
D
Total Runout of Bearing Face FIM, in. 0.024 0.027 0.030
A
Thewidthacrossflatsofheavyhexnutsshallbetheoveralldistancemeasured,perpendiculartotheaxisofthenut,betweentwooppositesidesofthenut.Notransverse
section through the nut between 25% and 75% of the actual nut thickness, as measured from the bearing surface, shall be less than the minimum width across flats.
B
Arounding or lack of fill at junction of hex comers with chamfer shall be permissible, provided the width across comers is within specified limits at and beyond a distance
equal to 17.5% of the basic thread diameter from the chamfered faces.
C
The nut thickness shall be the overall distance measured parallel to the axis of the nut, from the top of the nut to the bearing surface, and shall include the thickness
of the washer face where provided.
D
Nuts shall have a washer faced bearing surface and chamfered top. The diameter of washer face shall be within the limits of the maximum width across flats and 95%
of the minimum width across flats.
13.4 Number of Tests: 13.4.2.5 Sampling for resistance to Environmental Hydro-
13.4.1 Sampling of Assemblies: gen Embrittlement shall be in accordance with Annex A2.
13.4.1.1 Assembly lot tension test sample size shall be in 13.4.3 Sampling of Nuts:
accordance with Guide F1470, Sample Level C, Table 3, with 13.4.3.1 Proof load and product hardness sampling shall be
a minimum of two assemblies. in accordance with Guide F1470.
13.4.1.2 When tested in accordance with the required sam- 13.4.3.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test
pling plan, a component lot shall be rejected if any of the test per heat conducted by the steel producer.
specimens fail to meet the applicable requirements. 13.4.3.3 Sampling for dimensional and thread fit compli-
13.4.2 Sampling of Heavy Hex Structural Bolts: ance shall be in accordance with the quality assurance provi-
13.4.2.1 Tensile strength, proof load, product hardness and sions of ASME B18.2.6.
carburization/decarburization sampling shall be in accordance 13.4.4 Sampling of Washers:
with Guide F1470. 13.4.4.1 Product hardness sampling shall be in accordance
13.4.2.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test with Guide F1470.
per heat conducted by the steel producer. 13.4.4.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test
13.4.2.3 Sampling for dimensional and thread fit compli- per heat conducted by the steel producer.
ance shall be in accordance with the quality assurance provi-
14. Test Methods
sions of ASME B18.2.6.
13.4.2.4 Sampling for workmanship, surface 14.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
discontinuities, including head bursts, and magnetic particle 14.1.1 Chemical analyses shall be conducted in accordance
inspection shall be in accordance with Guide F1470. with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
F3111−16
TABLE 13 Hardened Circular Washers Dimensions
1 1
Nominal Size 11 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
1 3 3
Inside Diameter (ID), in. nom 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄8
max 1.085 1.251 1.438
min 1.063 1.188 1.375
1 1
Outside Diameter (OD), in. nom 2 2 ⁄4 2 ⁄2
max 2.063 2.313 2.563
min 1.937 2.187 2.437
1 1 5
Thickness (T), in. nom ⁄4 ⁄4 ⁄16
max 0.264 0.264 0.343
min 0.209 0.209 0.287
14.1.2 Tensile and Hardness—Tensile and hardness tests 14.4.2 Test Device:
shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F606/
14.4.2.1 The tension measuring device shall be capable of
F606M using the wedge tension testing of full
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3111 − 14 F3111 − 16
Standard Specification for
Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy
1,2
Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers heat treated, alloy steel, heavy hex structural bolt/nut/washer assemblies, also referred to as “sets,”
having a tensile strength of 200 to 215 ksi. These assemblies are capable of developing a minimum predetermined tension when
installed by applying an initial torque followed by rotation to the nut or bolt head, while at the same time preventing the rotation
of the opposite side of the assembly.
NOTE 1—The installations in Appendix X1 are important to the proper application of this product.
1.2 An assembly consists of a heavy hex structural head bolt, nut and two washers covered by this specification.
1.3 The assemblies are available in sizes 1 in. to 1 ⁄4 in. inclusive.
1.4 The fastener assemblies are intended for use in structural connections in the following environmental conditions:
1.4.1 Interiors, normally dry, including interiors where structural steel is embedded in concrete, encased in masonry or protected
by membrane or noncorrosive contact type fireproofing.
1.4.2 Interiors and exteriors, normally dry, under roof, where the installed assemblies are soundly protected by a shop-applied
or field-applied coating to the structural steel system.
1.5 The fastener assemblies are not intended for use in structural connections in the following environments, with or without
protection by a shop-applied or field-applied coating to the structural steel system:
1.5.1 Exteriors not under roof.
1.5.2 Chemical environments in which strong concentrations of highly corrosive gases, fumes, or chemicals, either in solution
or as concentrated liquids or solids, contact the fasteners or their protective coating.
1.5.3 Heavy industrial environments severe enough to be classified as a chemical environment as described in 1.5.2.
1.5.4 Condensation and high humidity environments maintaining almost continuous condensation, including submerged in
water and soil.
1.5.5 Cathodically protected environments, in which current is applied to the structural steel system by the sacrificial anode
method or the DC power method.
1.6 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included
in this standard.
1.7 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portions, Section 13, Section 14 and Annex A2 of
this Specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets
and Washers.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2014April 1, 2016. Published February 2015May 2016. originally approved in 2014. last previous edition approved in 2014 as F3111–14.
DOI: 10.1520/F3111-14.10.1520/F3111-16.
The "Heavy-Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 200 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength" of Grade 2 is covered by US patent number 7
070 664, July 4, 2006. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patented item to the ASTM International
Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard
are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3111 − 16
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1444E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
F606F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
Washers, and Rivets (Metric) F0606_F0606M Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F788/F788MF788 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
F812/F812MF812 Specification for Surface Discontinuities of Nuts, Inch and Metric Series
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,
Screws, Studs, and Nuts
2.2 ASME Standards:
B1.3 Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Acceptability: Inch and Metric Screw Threads (UN, UNR, UNJ, M, and MJ)
B1.15 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UNJ Thread Form)
B18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applications
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 The definition of terms used in this specification shall be as specified in Terminology F1789, unless otherwise defined
herein.
3.1.2 component lot, n—component lot, for the purpose of assigning an identification number and from which test samples shall
be selected, shall consist of all bolts, all nuts or all washers processed essentially together through all operations to the shipping
container, of which each component has the following common characteristics: heat number (mill heat); nominal dimensions (size),
grade, and heat treatment lot.
3.1.3 manufacturer, n—entity that assembles, lubricates, tests, and certifies compliance with this specification.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for assemblies shall include the items of information below. Optional items not on the purchase order shall be
considered as not being required (see Note 2):
4.1.1 Quantity of assemblies,
4.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, bolt length, and thread pitch,
4.1.3 Grade, that is, Grade 1 or Grade 2,
4.1.4 Name of product, that is, heavy hex structural bolt/nut/washer assemblies,
4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of publication, and
4.1.6 Special requirements, if required.
NOTE 2—A typical order description follows: 1000 assemblies, 1 ⁄4 diameter by 4 in. long with 7 threads per inch, Grade 2, Heavy Hex Structural
Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies, ASTM F3111-14.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies:
5.1.1 The bolts shall be heavy hex structural bolts.
5.1.2 The assemblies shall consist of one heavy hex structural bolt, with one nut and two washers assembled on the bolt and
the nut threaded on the bolt a minimum of one turn.
5.1.3 All nuts shall be heavy hex structural.
5.1.4 All washers used in the assembly shall be circular and through hardened.
5.1.5 Protective Coatings—The bolts, nuts and washers shall not be coated by hot dip zinc coating, mechanical deposition,
electroplating, dip-spin, dip-drain, or spray methods with zinc or other metallic coatings.
NOTE 3—Protective coatings may be shop-applied or field-applied to installed assemblies.
5.1.6 Lubrication:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
F3111 − 16
5.1.6.1 The assemblies shall be lubricated by the manufacturer to meet the Assembly Lot Tension Test requirements in Section
8.
5.1.6.2 Lubrication in addition to that applied by the manufacturer is permitted, provided the Assembly Lot Tension Test
requirements in Section 8 are met.
5.1.7 Secondary Processing—Secondary processing shall not be permitted to an assembly lot, except that lubrication may be
added as provided in 5.1.6.2.
5.2 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
5.2.1 Heat Treatment:
5.2.1.1 If phosphate coating has been applied to the raw material, the residual phosphate shall be removed prior to heat
treatment, and a record of the application of this processing step shall be maintained by the processor.
5.2.1.2 Heavy hex structural bolts shall be heat treated by quenching in oil from the austenitizing temperature and then
tempering by reheating to a temperature not less than 1000°F.
5.2.2 Thread—The threads of heavy hex structural bolts shall be rolled.
5.3 Nuts:
5.3.1 Nuts shall be made by hot forming.
5.3.2 Nuts shall be heat treated by quenching in a liquid medium from a temperature above the transformation temperature and
tempering at a temperature of at least 850°F.
5.3.3 Threads shall be formed by tapping.
5.4 Washers:
5.4.1 Washers shall be through hardened.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
6.1.1 Steel for bolts shall be made by the basic oxygen process.
6.1.2 Bolts shall be alloy steel conforming to the chemical composition in Table 1.
6.1.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on finished bolts representing each lot. The chemical composition shall
conform to the requirements in Table 1, Product Analysis.
6.1.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, lead or boron has been intentionally added shall not be permitted.
6.1.5 Compliance with 6.1.4 shall be based on certification that heats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionally
added were not used to produce the bolts.
6.1.6 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
6.2 Nuts:
6.2.1 Steel for nuts shall be made by the basic oxygen or electric-furnace process.
6.2.2 Nuts shall conform to the chemical composition in Table 2.
6.2.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on finished nuts representing each lot. The chemical composition shall
conform to the requirements in Table 2, Product Analysis.
6.2.4 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
6.3 Washers:
6.3.1 Steel used in the manufacture of washers shall be produced by the basic-oxygen or electric-furnace process.
6.3.2 Washers shall conform to the chemical composition specified in Table 3.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Bolts
NOTE 1—Aluminum, cobalt, niobium/columbium, nickel, titanium,
tungsten, zirconium, or any other alloying elements may be added to
obtain the desired alloying effect.
Composition, %
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
min max min max
Carbon 0.38 0.42 0.36 0.44
Manganese 0.40 0.60 0.37 0.63
Phosphorus . . . 0.01 . . . 0.015
Sulfur . . . 0.01 . . . 0.015
Silicon . . . 0.10 . . . 0.12
Chromium 1.20 1.40 1.15 1.45
Molybdenum 0.60 0.80 0.57 0.83
Vanadium 0.30 0.40 0.27 0.43
F3111 − 16
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Nuts
Composition, %
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
min max min max
Carbon 0.30 0.48 0.28 0.50
Manganese 0.60 0.90 0.57 0.93
Silicon 0.15 0.35 0.13 0.37
Phosphorus . . . 0.050 . . . 0.055
Sulfur . . . 0.050 . . . 0.055
TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements for Washers
Composition, %
Element Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %
min max min max
Carbon 0.42 0.48 0.40 0.50
Manganese 0.60 0.90 0.57 0.93
Silicon 0.15 0.35 0.13 0.37
Phosphorus . . . 0.030 . . . 0.035
Sulfur . . . 0.030 . . . 0.035
6.3.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser on finished washers representing each lot. The chemical composition shall
conform to the requirements in Table 3, Product Analysis.
6.3.4 Chemical analysis shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
7. Mechanical Property Requirements for Heavy Hex Bolts, Nuts and Washers
7.1 Heavy Hex Bolts:
7.1.1 Hardness—Bolts shall conform to the hardness specified in Table 4.
7.1.2 Tensile Properties:
7.1.2.1 Bolts shall be wedge tested full size and shall conform to the minimum and maximum wedge tensile load, and proof
load or alternative proof load specified in Table 5. The load achieved during proof load testing shall be equal to or greater than
the specified proof load.
7.1.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full size testing impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall conform
to the requirements specified in Table 6. When bolts are tested by both full size and machined specimen methods, the full size test
shall take precedence.
7.1.2.3 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall take
precedence in the event of low hardness readings.
7.1.2.4 Sample bolts shall be used to verify that the alloy steel material and heat treatment provides resistance to Environmental
Hydrogen Embrittlement (EHE), in accordance with the requirements of Annex A2.
7.2 Nuts:
7.2.1 Nuts shall conform to the surface hardness specified in Table 7.
7.2.2 Nuts shall withstand the proof load stress specified in Table 8.
7.3 Washers:
7.3.1 Washers shall conform to the core hardness specified in Table 9.
8. Assembly Lot Tension Test
8.1 Purpose—The assembly lot test hall be performed on fastener assemblies to determine the ability of the assembly to provide
the required initial tension range when the initial torque is applied, and to provide the minimum required pretension when the final
rotation is applied.
TABLE 4 Hardness Requirements for Bolts
Rockwell C
Bolt Size, in. Bolt Length, in.
Min Max
1 to 1 ⁄4, incl all 38 45
F3111 − 16
TABLE 5 Tensile Requirements for Full Size Bolts
Proof Load, Alternative Proof Load,
C
Tensile Load, lbf
A,B lbf lbf
Bolt Size,
Stress Area,
Threads per in. in.
Length Measurement Yield Strength
Min Max
Method Method
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
Grade 1
1 in. - 8 0.615 123 100 132 300 98 500 119 100
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.776 155 200 166 800 124 200 139 700
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 0.983 196 700 211 400 157 400 177 000
Grade 2
1 in. - 8 0.640 128 000 137 700 102 400 115 200
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.808 161 600 173 600 129 300 145 400
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 1.019 203 800 219 100 163 000 183 400
A
The stress area for Grade 1 is calculated as: A 50.7854 0.5 d 1 d
f s dg
s 3 max 2 max
B
The stress area for Grade 2 is calculated in accordance with Annex A1.
C
Loads tabulated are based on the following:
Bolt Size, in. Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
1 to 1 ⁄4 200 000 psi 215 000 psi 160 000 psi 180 000 psi
TABLE 6 Tensile Strength Requirements for Specimens
Machined from Bolts
Yield
Elongation
Strength Reduction
Nominal
Tensile in 2 in. or
(0.2 % of Area,
Bolt
Strength, ksi 50 mm,
offset), min, %
Diameter,
min, %
min, ksi
in.
min max
1 to
200 215 180 14 40
1 ⁄4, incl
TABLE 7 Hardness Requirements for Nuts
Surface Hardness, Rockwell C
Bolt Size, in.
Min Max
1 to 1 ⁄4, incl 30 40
TABLE 8 Proof Load Requirements for Nuts
Stress Area, Proof Load Nut Proof
Nominal Size,
A,B C
Stress,
A , Load,
s
Threads per inch
in. lbf
ksi
Grade 1
1 in. - 8 0.615 200 123 100
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.776 200 155 200
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 0.983 200 196 700
Grade 2
1 in. - 8 0.640 200 128 000
1 ⁄8 in. - 7 0.808 200 161 600
1 ⁄4 in. - 7 1.019 200 203 800
A
The stress area for Grade 1 is calculated as:
A 50.7854 0.5 d 1 d
f s dg
s 3 max 2 max
B
The stress area for Grade 2 is calculated in accordance with Annex A1.
C
To determine nut proof load in pounds, multiply the appropriate nut proof load
stress by the tensile stress area of the thread.
8.2 Requirement—Full size completed assemblies shall be tested in accordance with 14.4. When the specified torque in Table
10 Column 1 is applied, an initial bolt tension shall conforming to the requirements of Table 10 Columns 2 and 3. When the Final
Rotation specified in Table 10 Column 4 is subsequently applied, the minimum bolt tension shall conform to the requirements of
Table 10 Column 5.
9. Carburization/Decarburization of Heavy Hex Structural Bolts
9.1 This test is intended to evaluate the presence or absence of carburization and decarburization as determined by the difference
in microhardness near the surface and core.
F3111 − 16
TABLE 9 Core Hardness Requirements for Washers
Rockwell C
Min 40 Max 45
9.2 Requirements:
9.2.1 Carburization—The assemblies shall show no evidence of a carburized surface when evaluated in accordance with 14.1.4.
9.2.2 Decarburization—Hardness value differences shall not exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization in Test
Method F2328 for class 3/4 H materials when evaluated in accordance with 14.1.4.
10. Dimensions of Heavy Hex Structural Bolts, Nuts, and Washers
10.1 Heavy Hex Bolts:
10.1.1 Bolts shall be furnished with heavy hex structural heads.
10.1.2 The head and body dimensions shall conform to the dimensional requirements in Table 11, and ASME B18.2.6 section
2.1.1 for top of head, 2.1.5 for true position of head, 2.1.6 for bearing surface, 2.1.9.3 for incomplete thread diameter, 2.1.10 for
point, and 2.1.11 for straightness.
10.1.3 Threads:
10.1.3.1 The thread length shall be as specified in Table 11.
10.1.3.2 Threads for Grade 1 shall have the coarse series, class 2A UNJ thread as specified in ASME B1.15.
10.1.3.3 Threads for Grade 2 shall be as specified in Annex A1, and shall have Class 2A tolerances as calculated in section 4.3.3
of ASME B1.15.
10.1.3.4 The gauging limit for bolts shall be verified during manufacture. In case of purchaser/supplier controversy over thread
compliance, System 21 of ASME B1.3 shall be used for referee purposes.
10.2 Nuts:
10.2.1 The dimensions for nuts shall conform to the dimensional requirements in Table 12, and ASME B18.2.6, sections 3.1.4,
3.1.5 and 3.1.6.
10.2.2 Threads for nuts for Grade 1 shall be coarse series, class 2B UNJ thread as specified in ASME B1.15.
10.2.3 Threads for nuts for Grade 2 shall be as specified in Annex A1, with UNJ thread and without root radius, and and shall
have Class 2B tolerances as calculated in section 4.3.4 of ASME B1.15.
10.3 Washers:
10.3.1 All circular washers shall conform to the dimensions shown in Table 13.
10.3.2 The deviation from flatness shall not exceed 0.010 in. per inch as the maximum deviation from a straight edge placed
on the cut side.
10.3.3 Circular runout of the outside diameter with respect to the hole shall not exceed 0.030 FIM.
10.3.4 Burrs shall not project above the immediately adjacent washer surface more than 0.010 in.
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
11.1 For heavy hex structural bolts, the allowable limits, inspection, and evaluation of the surface discontinuities, quench cracks,
forging cracks, head bursts, shear bursts, seams, folds, thread laps, voids, tool marks, nicks, and gouges shall be in accordance with
Specification F788/F788MF788. except that threads shall have no laps at the root or on the flanks located below the pitch line,
when inspected in accordance with Specification F788, S1.2.
11.2 For the nut component, the allowable limits, inspection, and evaluation of surface discontinuities, quench cracks, forging
cracks, inclusion cracks, bursts, shear bursts, seams, voids, tool marks, nicks and gouges shall be in accordance with Specification
F812/F812MF812.
11.3 Washers shall be free of excess mill scale and foreign material on bearing surfaces.
12. Magnetic Particle Inspection for Heavy Hex Structural Bolt Longitudinal Discontinuities and Transverse Cracks
12.1 Requirements:
12.1.1 Each sample representative of the bolt lot shall be magnetic particle inspected for longitudinal discontinuities and
transverse cracks.
12.1.2 The lot, as represented by the sample, shall be free from nonconforming bolts, as defined in Specification
F788/F788MF788, when inspected in accordance with Section 12.2.
12.2 Inspection Procedure:
12.2.1 The inspection sample shall be selected at random from each bolt lot in accordance with 13.4.2.4 and examined for
longitudinal discontinuities and transverse cracks in the threads, body, fillet, and underside of the head.
F3111 − 16
TABLE 10 Assembly Lot Tension Test Requirements
Tension
Initital Initial Final Final
Initial Torque lbs, min
Tension Tension Rotation Tension
(ft-lbs) (for information
Bolt Size, in. A B C D
lbs, min lbs, max (degrees) lbs, min
E
only)
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6
Grade 1
1 600 44 000 86 000 240 90 000 86 000
1 400 30 000 86 000 180 90 000 86 000
1 ⁄8 800 54 000 109 000 240 114 000 109 000
1 ⁄8 600 38 000 109 000 180 114 000 109 000
1 ⁄4 1 100 69 000 138 000 240 145 000 138 000
1 ⁄4 900 48 300 138 000 180 145 000 138 000
Grade 2
1 600 45 000 90 000 240 94 000 90 000
1 400 31 000 90 000 180 94 000 90 000
1 ⁄8 800 61 000 113 000 240 119 000 113 000
1 ⁄8 600 40 000 113 000 180 119 000 113 000
1 ⁄4 1 100 71 000 143 000 240 150 000 143 000
1 ⁄4 900 50 000 143 000 180 150 000 143 000
A
The values in Column 2 are based upon 50%35% of the values in Column 6, rounded to the nearest 1000 lbs (kip).
B
The values in Column 3 are equal to the values in Column 6.
C
Tolerance for Final Rotation in Column 4 as applied for this test is ± 15 degrees.
D
The values in Column 5 are based upon 105% of the values in Column 6, rounded to the nearest 1000 lbs (kip).
E
The values in Column 6 are equal to 70% of the specified minimum tensile strength for tests of full size F3111 bolts tested in axial tension and are rounded to the nearest
1000 lbs (kip).
12.2.2 Magnetic particle inspection shall be conducted in accordance with Guide E709 or Practice E1444E1444/E1444M.
Guide E709 shall be used for referee purposes. If any nonconforming bolt is found during the manufacturers examination of the
lot selected in 12.2.1, the lot shall be 100 % magnetic particle tested and all nonconforming bolts shall be removed and scrapped
or destroyed.
12.2.3 Eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection may be substituted for the 100 % magnetic particle inspection when
nonconforming bolts are found and 100 % inspection is required. On completion of the eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection,
a random sample selected from each bolt lot in accordance with Guide F1470, shall be reexamined by the magnetic particle
method. In case of controversy, the magnetic particle test shall take precedence.
12.2.4 Magnetic particle indications of themselves shall not be cause for rejection. If in the opinion of the quality assurance
representative the indications may be cause for rejection, a sample taken in accordance with Guide F1470 shall be examined by
microscopic examination or removal by surface grinding to determine if the indicated discontinuities are within Specification
F788/F788MF788 limits.
13. Testing
13.1 Testing Responsibility:
13.1.1 Each component lot and assembly lot shall be tested by the manufacturer prior to shipment in accordance with the lot
identification control quality assurance plan in 13.4.
13.1.2 When components or assemblies are furnished by a source other than the manufacturer, the responsible party as defined
in Section 18 shall be responsible for assuring all tests have been performed and the components and assemblies comply with the
requirements of this specification.
13.2 Purpose of Lot Inspection—The purpose of a lot inspection program is to ensure that each lot conforms to the requirements
of this specification. For such a plan to be fully effective, it is essential that distributors and purchasers maintain the identification
and integrity of each lot until the assemblies are installed.
13.3 Lot Control—All components shall be manufactured, processed, and tested in accordance with a lot control plan that
provides lot purity and lot identification. The manufacturer and distributors shall identify and maintain the integrity of each lot of
components and finished assemblies from raw material selection through all processing operations and treatments to final packing
and shipment. Each component lot shall be assigned its own component lot number and each assembly lot its own assembly lot
number.
13.4 Number of Tests:
13.4.1 Sampling of Assemblies:
13.4.1.1 Assembly lot tension test sample size shall be in accordance with Guide F1470, Sample Level C, Table 3, with a
minimum of two assemblies.
13.4.1.2 When tested in accordance with the required sampling plan, a component lot shall be rejected if any of the test
specimens fail to meet the applicable requirements.
13.4.2 Sampling of Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
F3111 − 16
TABLE 11 Heavy Hex Bolts
NOTE 1—The bolt length L shall be the distance measured parallel to the axis of the bolt from the bearing surface of the head to the center point of
the groove through which shear will occur. Bolts are normally supplied in ⁄4 in. length increments.
NOTE 2—For bolts 1 in. diameter with length up to 6 in., inclusive, length tolerance is ⁄16 in. underlength. For longer 1 in. diameter bolts and other
diameters, length tolerance is ⁄4 in. underlength.
NOTE 3—FIM = Full Indicator Movement.
1 1
Nominal Size 1 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
Basic Diameter, E, in. 1.000 1.125 1.250
Full-Size Body Diameter E, in. max 1.022 1.149 1.277
min 0.976 1.098 1.223
A
5 13
Width Across Flats, F, in. nom 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄16 2
max 1.625 1.812 2.000
min 1.575 1.756 1.938
Width Across Corners, G, in. max 1.876 2.093 2.309
min 1.796 2.002 2.209
B
39 11 25
Head Height, H, in. nom ⁄64 ⁄16 ⁄32
max 0.627 0.718 0.813
min 0.591 0.658 0.749
3 3 7
Radius of Fillet, R, in. nom ⁄32 ⁄32 ⁄64
max 0.110 0.110 0.138
min 0.087 0.087 0.098
59 1 5
Transition Body Diameter, E , in. nom ⁄64 1 ⁄32 1 ⁄32
R
max 0.933 1.046 1.171
min 0.917 1.030 1.155
Body Transition Length, Y , in. nom 0.305 0.354 0.354
max 0.394 0.450 0.450
min 0.207 0.244 0.244
1 9 9
Reduced Body Length, L , in. nom ⁄2 ⁄16 ⁄16
R
max 0.625 0.715 0.715
min 0.375 0.429 0.429
C
Transition Thread Length Y , in. Ref 0.31 0.34 0.34
D
Thread Length, L , in. Ref 2.049 2.322 2.322
T
E
Maximum Total Runout of Bearing Surface FIM, in. 0.028 0.032 0.035
A
See ASME B18.2.6, sections 2.1.2 and 2.1.3.
B
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.4.
C
Transition thread length, Y , is a reference dimension, intended for calculation purposes only, that represents the length of incomplete threads and tolerance on grip
gaging length.
D
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.10.2.
E
See ASME B18.2.6, section 2.1.6.
13.4.2.1 Tensile strength, proof load, product hardness and carburization/decarburization sampling shall be in accordance with
Guide F1470.
13.4.2.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test per heat conducted by the steel producer.
13.4.2.3 Sampling for dimensional and thread fit compliance shall be in accordance with the quality assurance provisions of
ASME B18.2.6.
F3111 − 16
TABLE 12 Heavy Hex Nut Dimensions
NOTE 1—Bearing surfaces shall be flat and perpendicular to the axis of the threaded hole within the total runout (FIM) tabulated for the respective nut
size.
NOTE 2—The tops of washer faced nuts shall be flat and the diameter of chamfer circle shall be equal to the maximum width across flats within a
tolerance of -15%. The length of chamfer at hex comers shall be 5% to 15% of the basic thread diameter. The surface of chamfer may be slightly convex
or rounded.
NOTE 3—FIM = Full Indicator Movement.
1 1
Nominal Size 1 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
1.000 1.125 1.250
A 5 13
Width Across Flats, F, in. nom 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄16 2
max 1.625 1.812 2.000
min 1.575 1.756 1.938
B
Width Across Corners, G, in. max 1.876 2.093 2.309
min 1.796 2.002 2.209
C
3 11 15
Thickness, H, in. nom 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄32 1 ⁄32
max 1.214 1.367 1.501
min 1.147 1.295 1.424
1 1 1
Washer Face Height, in. nom ⁄64 ⁄64 ⁄64
D
Total Runout of Bearing Face FIM, in. 0.024 0.027 0.030
A
The width across flats of heavy hex nuts shall be the overall distance measured, perpendicular to the axis of the nut, between two opposite sides of the nut. No transverse
section through the nut between 25% and 75% of the actual nut thickness, as measured from the bearing surface, shall be less than the minimum width across flats.
B
A rounding or lack of fill at junction of hex comers with chamfer shall be permissible, provided the width across comers is within specified limits at and beyond a distance
equal to 17.5% of the basic thread diameter from the chamfered faces.
C
The nut thickness shall be the overall distance measured parallel to the axis of the nut, from the top of the nut to the bearing surface, and shall include the thickness
of the washer face where provided.
D
Nuts shall have a washer faced bearing surface and chamfered top. The diameter of washer face shall be within the limits of the maximum width across flats and 95%
of the minimum width across flats.
13.4.2.4 Sampling for workmanship, surface discontinuities, including head bursts, and magnetic particle inspection shall be in
accordance with Guide F1470.
13.4.2.5 Sampling for resistance to Environmental Hydrogen Embrittlement shall be in accordance with Annex A2.
13.4.3 Sampling of Nuts:
13.4.3.1 Proof load, cone proof load and product hardness sampling shall be in accordance with Guide F1470.
13.4.3.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test per heat conducted by the steel producer.
13.4.3.3 Sampling for dimensional and thread fit compliance shall be in accordance with the quality assurance provisions of
ASME B18.2.6.
13.4.4 Sampling of Washers:
13.4.4.1 Product hardness sampling shall be in accordance with Guide F1470.
13.4.4.2 Chemical composition sampling shall be one test per heat conducted by the steel producer.
14. Test Methods
14.1 Heavy Hex Structural Bolts:
14.1.1 Chemical analyses shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
14.1.2 Tensile and Hardness—Tensile and hardness tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F606F606/F606M
using the wedge tension testing of full size product method to determine full size tensile strength.
14.1.3 Proof Load—Proof load tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Methods F606F606/F606M Method 1, Length
Measurement, or Method 2, Yield Strength, at the option of the manufacturer.
14.1.4 Carburization/decarburization—Carburization/decarburization tests shall be conducted in accordance with Test Method
F2328 using the Microindentation Hardness Method.
F3111 − 16
TABLE 13 Hardened Circular Washers Dimensions
1 1
Nominal Size 1 1 ⁄8 1 ⁄4
1 3 3
Inside Diameter (ID), in. nom 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄16 1 ⁄8
max 1.085 1.251 1.438
min 1.063 1.188 1.375
1 1
Outside Diameter (OD), in. nom 2 2 ⁄4 2 ⁄2
max 2.063 2.313 2.563
min 1.937 2.187 2.437
...