ASTM E126-13a

Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to establish a common method by which manufacturers, calibration laboratories, and users of hydrometers may inspect, verify, or calibrate them.  
4.2 The goal is to provide a standard method that is simple, easily understood, and will produce reliable results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2013
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: E20 - Temperature Measurement
• Drafting Committee: E20.05 - Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E126-13 - Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Replaced By: ASTM E126-19 - Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D287-22 - Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer/Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E344-20 - Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D7928-21e1 - Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6466-10(2018) - Standard Test Method for Diameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibers By Sirolan-Laserscan Fiber Diameter Analyser
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E100-19 - Standard Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E2995-15a(2020) - Standard Specification for ASTM Thermohydrometers with Integral Low-Hazard Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E50-17 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D4371/D4371M-06(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Washability Characteristics of Coal
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E126 −13a
Standard Test Method for
Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM
1
Hydrometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
etry
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to
ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general
3. Terminology
hydrometers of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.
3.1 Definitions—The definitions given inTerminology E344
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
apply.
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
cal conversions to SI units that are provided for information
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
onlyandarenotconsideredstandard.Themetricequivalentsof
3.2.1 API gravity, n—a relative index of density for petro-
inch-pound units may be approximate.
leum products developed by theAmerican Petroleum Institute.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
API gravity is defined as:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
API Gravity,deg 5 @141.5/~rel. density 60/60 °F!# 2 131.5 (1)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Values of API gravity are typically expressed in degrees API,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
that is, 39.60 °API.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2 comparator, n—in this test method, a glass or other
transparent cylinder to contain a liquid in which hydrometers
2. Referenced Documents
may be compared. Examples of suitable comparators are given
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
in Appendix X1.
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
3.2.3 density, n—mass of a unit volume of material.
Gases, Manual Method
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Unitsofdensityinhydrometersinclude
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
3
kg/l (kilograms per liter), kg/m (kilograms per cubic meter),
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
and g/l (grams per liter); each typically expressed as mass per
ucts by Hydrometer Method
3
volume at a specified temperature, that is, kg/m at 15 °C. As
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light
3
of this writing, only the kg/m at 15 °C scale is offered in
Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
ASTM hydrometers (see Specification E100).
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
3.2.4 relative density (formerly specific gravity), n—ratio of
mometers
the mass of a given volume of material at a stated temperature
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
tothemassofanequalvolumeofgas-freedistilledwateratthe
same or different temperature. Both reference temperatures
shall be explicitly stated.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on
3.2.4.1 Discussion—Common reference temperatures in-
Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05
clude 60 °F/60 °F, 20 °C/20 °C, 20 °C/4 °C. The historic term,
on Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
specific gravity, may still be found.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E126 – 13. DOI:
3.2.5 specific gravity, n—historic term, replaced by relative
10.1520/E0126-13a.
2
density.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.2.6 thermo-hydrometer, n—glass hydrometer having a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. thermometer combined with a hydrometer in one instrument.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E126−13a
3.2.7 verification, n—confirmation, by provision of objec- 6.2 Standards shall be calibrated by either a national me-
tive evidence, that the instrument fulfills specified require- trology body (such as the National Institute of Standards and
ments. Technology) or other laboratory competent to calibrate instru-
3.2.7.1 Discussion—In this test
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E126 − 13 E126 − 13a
Standard Test Method for
Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM
1
Hydrometers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E126; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the principles, apparatus, and procedures for the inspection, calibration, and verification of
ASTM glass hydrometers. This test method is applicable to ASTM hydrometers and may be used for other general hydrometers
of the constant-mass, variable-displacement type.
NOTE 1— User must determine the applicability of this method for hydrometers other than ASTM hydrometers. Method studies were completed for
ASTM hydrometers only and the precision and bias statements were developed using ASTM hydrometers only. References to other types of hydrometers
are for user information only.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. The metric equivalents of
inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The definitions given in Terminology E344 apply.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 API gravity, n—a relative index of density for petroleum products developed by the American Petroleum Institute. API
gravity is defined as:
API Gravity,deg 5 @141.5/~rel. density 60/60 °F!# 2 131.5 (1)
Values of API gravity are typically expressed in degrees API, that is, 39.60 °API.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05 on
Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2013. Published August 2013December 2013. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20122013
as E126 – 12.E126 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/E0126-13.10.1520/E0126-13a.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E126 − 13a
3.2.2 comparator, n—in this test method, a glass or other transparent cylinder to contain a liquid in which hydrometers may be
inter-compared.compared. Examples of suitable comparators are given in Appendix X1.
3.2.3 density, n—mass of a unit volume of material.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—
3
Units of density in hydrometers include kg/l (kilograms per liter), kg/m (kilograms per cubic meter), and g/l (grams per liter); each
3 3
typically expressed as mass per volume at a specified temperature, that is, kg/m at 15 °C. As of this writing, only the kg/m at
15 °C scale is offered in ASTM hydrometers (see Specification E100).
3.2.4 relative density (formerly specific gravity), n—ratio of the mass of a given volume of material at a stated temperature to
the mass of an equal volume of gas-free distilled water at the same or different temperature. Both reference temperatures sha
...