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ASTM D2919-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading

Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides data for assessing the durability of adhesive lap-shear joints while stressed in contact with air, air in equilibrium with certain solutions, water, aqueous solutions, or other environments at various temperatures.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 7.4. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are considered to be the standard. The values in parentheses ar for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2001
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2919-00 - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D2919-01e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4896-01(2016) - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM E1555-20 - Standard Specification for Structural Paste Adhesive for Sandwich Panel Repair
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM E865-20 - Standard Specification for Structural Film Adhesives for Honeycomb Sandwich Panels
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001

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ASTM D2919-01 - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension LoadingASTM D2919-01 - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading
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ASTM D2919-01 - Standard Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2919–01
Standard Test Method for
Determining Durability of Adhesive Joints Stressed in Shear
1
by Tension Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2919; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method provides data for assessing the dura- 4.1 The combination of stress and moisture decreases the
bilityofadhesivelap-shearjointswhilestressedincontactwith durability of most adhesive joints. Stresses in the presence of
air, air in equilibrium with certain solutions, water, aqueous water or water vapor may cause some adhesive joints to fail at
solutions, or other environments at various temperatures. some small fraction of the stress required to break the dry joint.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the The time to failure for a given adhesive joint generally
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the decreases with increasing stress, temperature, and relative
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- humidity.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.2 This test method may be used as an accelerated screen-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau- ingtestforassessingthedurabilityofadhesivejoints.Itmaybe
tionary statements are given in 7.4. used to measure durability of adhesive joints exposed outdoors
1.3 The values stated in SI units are considered to be the or to environmental conditions experienced by adhesive joints
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. in service. The tests may also be used to determine the effects
of various surface preparations or substrates on durabilities of
2. Referenced Documents
adhesive joints.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.3 The durability performance of various adhesives may be
2
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
compared by using this test method under uniform sets of
D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single- conditions.To assess the overall durability of a given adhesive,
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten- lap-shear joints should be tested under a range of stress,
2
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
relative humidity, and temperature. For a specific end use it
D 1828 Practice for Atmospheric Exposure of Adhesive- may be possible to obtain the needed durability data using only
2
Bonded Joints and Structures
one set of test conditions.
D 2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in
2 5. Apparatus
Shear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
4
D 3165 Test Method for Strength Properties ofAdhesives in 5.1 Fixture, as shown in Fig. 1, is required for this test
Shear by Tension Loading of Single-Lap-Joint Laminated method, although a fixture such as described in Test Method
2
Assemblies D 2294 may also be suitable for the performance of this test.
3
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines 5.2 Testing Machine, or other suitable machine capable of
applying measured compressive loads. Force measurements
3. Terminology
have an accuracy of 61 % of any reading when calibrated in
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms in this test method
compliance with Practices E 4 requirements. Machine that is
may be found in Terminology D 907. equipped with a suitable loading base as shown in Fig. 1, shall
be used as a loading mechanism.
5.3 Outdoor Weathering Racks (Standard) are recom-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
mended (Practice D 1828), but any stable frame may be used
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
Bonding Adhesives.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Originally
published as D 2919 – 71. Last previous edition D 2919 – 00.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. Detailed working drawings for the construction of the durability test apparatus
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request Adjunct No. ADJD2919.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2919
FIG. 1 Durability Test Apparatus
(for example, galvanized pipe or painted steel channel). No prepared in accordance with Test Method D 1002, except that
other special apparatus is required for outdoor tests.
the dimensions of the test specimens shall be as shown in Fig.
2.
6. Test Specimens
6.2 If the fixture in Fig. 1 is use
...

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4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.  
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This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
SCOPE
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ABSTRACT
This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.  
1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
Number  
Test  
Section  
1  
Low Temperature  
16  
2  
Dry Lumber  
17  
3  
Gap-Filling  
18  
4  
High Temperature  
19  
5  
Type 3 Qualification  
20  
6  
Type 2 Qualification  
21  
7  
Aging, Film Oxidation  
22  
8  
Aging, Bond Oxidation  
23  
9  
Resistance to Deformation, Creep  
24  
10  
Mold  
25  
11  
Type 1 Qualification  
26  
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4.1 Structural design based on strength-of-materials principles requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the structural components, including adhesives. By nature of their use, the most important property of adhesive is shear strength.  
4.2 Shear strength measured by this test method is suitable for use in adhesive development, manufacturing quality control, and in materials performance specifications, as well as structural design.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative shear properties of gap-filling adhesives in wood-to-wood joints at specified thicknesses of bondline in the dry condition, when tested on standard specimens under specified conditions of preparation, conditioning, and loading in compression. This test method is intended as an evaluation of gap-filling adhesives such as those used to bond plywood to lumber, lumber to lumber, and other similar materials in building constructions.  
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ASTM D4680-98(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Creep and Time to Failure of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
4.2 Creep data can be used to (1) predict performance of an adhesive under long-term loading, (2) characterize an adhesive, (3) compare adhesives with each other and against specifications, and (4) design structural members fabricated with an adhesive.  
4.3 Time-to-failure data provide a measure of the ultimate load-carrying ability of an adhesive bond as a function of time at various levels of stress, temperature, and relative humidity.  
4.4 With proper caution, time-to-failure data derived from relatively short loading periods can be extrapolated to estimate the useful service life of an adhesive at working levels of static stress. This property may also be used with creep data to accomplish purposes listed in 4.2.  
4.5 This test method is a research tool intended for development or evaluation of new adhesives and new product designs. The researcher may select from suggested tests those that are appropriate. However, creep and time-to-failure tests are nonroutine and can be time-consuming and expensive, so tests must be selected with care.  
4.6 The apparatus and procedures may be suitable for measuring creep properties of adhesives on substrates other than wood, such as metal, plastic, and glass, but such considerations are not within the scope of this test method.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.  
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ASTM D4300-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films to Support or Resist the Growth of Fungi

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4.1 These test methods are designed to be used to determine the susceptibility of the adhesive film to biodegradation and whether the adhesive will carry into the bond line sufficient anti-fungal properties to prevent growth of fungi frequently present on the gluing equipment, on adherends, or in the adhesive as applied.  
4.2 Potato dextrose agar (PDA) provides a complete medium for the growth of fungi, while mineral salts agar (MSA) lacks a carbohydrate source and provides a less favorable medium. Use of PDA tests the adhesive film for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface as well as its ability to repel a copious growth of fungi on the adjacent agar surface. Use of MSA tests the adhesive film primarily for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface. When it is used, there is a reduced possibility that the growth from the agar will be mis-read as coming from the adhesive film, since fungal growth on the adjacent agar will be scant.
Note 2: The method given here using the MSA is based on Practice G21, adapted to be used with adhesives. Requirements for the use of the MSA are described in 10.2, and a mixed species of fungi is prescribed in 8.2 for the inoculum.  
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4.4 The efficacy of some biocides may change in storage due to the chemical and thermal environment to which they are subjected as components of certain adhesi...
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1.1 These test methods test the ability of adhesive films to inhibit or support the growth of selected fungal species growing on agar plates by providing means of testing the films on two agar substrates, one which promotes microbial growth, and one which does not.  
1.2 These test methods are not appropriate for all adhesives. The activity of certain biocides may not be demonstrated by these test methods as a result of irreversible reaction with some of the medium constituents.  
Note 1: As an example, quaternary ammonium compounds are inactivated by agar.  
1.3 A test method is included for use with low-viscosity adhesives along with an alternative method for use with mastic-type adhesives.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1062-08(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Cleavage Strength of Metal-to-Metal Adhesive Bonds

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage strength properties of metal-to-metal adhesive bonds. The testing machine shall be capable of maintaining the rate of loading and shall compose of fixed member, movable member, and grips. Test specimens shall consist of metal pieces glued together according to the prescribed dimensions indicated in this standard method. Recommended metal specimens are the following: brass, copper, aluminum, steel, and phosphor bronze. Bonding and conditioning of specimen shall be done according to the procedure specified by the manufacturer of the adhesive. Testing procedure shall be in accordance to the load rate limits specified in this standard method. Cleavage strength shall be expressed in pounds per inch and shall be reported in three significant figures in addition to the following information: adhesive identification, preparation method, adhesive layer thickness, conditioning procedure used, testing room condition, specimen number, and loading rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage properties of adhesive bonds when tested on standard shape metal specimens under specified conditions of preparation and testing. It may be used also to compare adhesives used with other metallic materials having any specified surface treatment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.  
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for products in the form of sheet or strip. It can also be used on injection molded tensile specimens or flexural bars.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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