ASTM E1497-23

Standard Practice for Selection and Safe Use of Water-Miscible and Straight Oil Metal Removal Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Use of this practice will improve management and control of metal removal fluids. The proper management and use will reduce dermal and other occupational hazards associated with these fluids.  
4.1.1 Guide E2148 covers information on how to use documents related to health and safety of metalworking and metal removal fluids, including this document. Documents referenced in Guide E2148 are grouped as applicable to producers, to users, or to all.  
4.1.2 Practices E2693 and E2889 augment the information provided in this practice by providing information on prevention of dermatitis and on approaches to reducing exposures to different types of metal removal fluid related aerosols.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice sets forth guidelines for the selection and safe use of metal removal fluids, additives, and antimicrobials. This includes product selection, storage, dispensing, and maintenance.  
1.2 Water-miscible metal removal fluids are typically used at high dilution, and dilution rates vary widely. Additionally, there is potential for exposure to undiluted metal removal fluid as manufactured, as well as metal removal fluid additives and antimicrobials.  
1.3 Straight oils generally consist of a severely solvent-refined or hydro-treated petroleum oil, a synthetic oil, or other oils of animal or vegetable origin, including oils that are modified for performance characteristics (for example, esterified rapeseed oil, and so forth). Straight oils are not intended to be diluted with water prior to use. Additives are often included in straight oil formulations.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2023
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: E34 - Occupational Health and Safety
• Drafting Committee: E34.50 - Health and Safety Standards for Metal Working Fluids

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1497 − 23 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Selection and Safe Use of Water-Miscible and Straight Oil
1
Metal Removal Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This practice sets forth guidelines for the selection and
safe use of metal removal fluids, additives, and antimicrobials. D7049 Test Method for Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in
Workplace Atmospheres
This includes product selection, storage, dispensing, and main-
tenance. E1302 Guide for Acute Animal Toxicity Testing of Water-
Miscible Metalworking Fluids
1.2 Water-miscible metal removal fluids are typically used
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and
at high dilution, and dilution rates vary widely. Additionally,
Safety
there is potential for exposure to undiluted metal removal fluid
E1687 Test Method for Determining Carcinogenic Potential
as manufactured, as well as metal removal fluid additives and
of Virgin Base Oils in Metalworking Fluids
antimicrobials.
E2144 Practice for Personal Sampling and Analysis of En-
1.3 Straight oils generally consist of a severely solvent-
dotoxin in Metalworking Fluid Aerosols in Workplace
refined or hydro-treated petroleum oil, a synthetic oil, or other
Atmospheres
oils of animal or vegetable origin, including oils that are
E2148 Guide for Using Documents Related to Metalworking
modified for performance characteristics (for example, esteri-
or Metal Removal Fluid Health and Safety
fied rapeseed oil, and so forth). Straight oils are not intended to
E2169 Practice for Selecting Antimicrobial Pesticides for
be diluted with water prior to use. Additives are often included
Use in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
in straight oil formulations.
E2275 Practice for Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalwork-
ing Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial Pesticide Per-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
formance
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
E2523 Terminology for Metalworking Fluids and Opera-
standard.
tions
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E2693 Practice for Prevention of Dermatitis in the Wet
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Metal Removal Fluid Environment
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E2889 Practice for Control of Respiratory Hazards in the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Metal Removal Fluid Environment
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3
2.2 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
29 CFR 1910.132 General Requirements (Personal Protec-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tive Equipment) (e.g. gloves, sleeves, aprons, are critical
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
applications that avoid or reduce exposure)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
29 CFR 1910.133 Eye and Face Protection
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on Occupa- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tional Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E34.50 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Health and Safety Standards for Metal Working Fluids. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E1497 – 17. DOI: Code of Federal Regulations available from United States Government Printing
10.1520/E1497-23. Office, Washington, DC 20402 or at eCFR : Home.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1497 − 23
29 CFR 1910.138 Hand Protection 3.2.8 metal removal fluids, n—the subset of metalworking
29 CFR 1910.1048 Formaldehyde fluids that are used for wet machining
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1497 − 17 E1497 − 23 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Selection and Safe Use of Water-Miscible and Straight Oil
1
Metal Removal Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice sets forth guidelines for the selection and safe use of metal removal fluids, additives, and antimicrobials. This
includes product selection, storage, dispensing, and maintenance.
1.2 Water-miscible metal removal fluids are typically used at high dilution, and dilution rates vary widely. Additionally, there is
potential for exposure to undiluted metal removal fluid as manufactured, as well as metal removal fluid additives and
antimicrobials.
1.3 Straight oils generally consist of a severely solvent-refined or hydro-treated petroleum oil, a synthetic oil, or other oils of
animal or vegetable origin, including oils that are modified for performance characteristics (for example, esterified rapeseed oil,
and so forth). Straight oils are not intended to be diluted with water prior to use. Additives are often included in straight oil
formulations.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D7049 Test Method for Metalworking Fluid Aerosol in Workplace Atmospheres
E1302 Guide for Acute Animal Toxicity Testing of Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
E1542 Terminology Relating to Occupational Health and Safety
E1972E1687 Practice for Minimizing Effects of Aerosols in the Wet Metal Removal EnvironmentTest Method for Determining
Carcinogenic Potential of Virgin Base Oils in Metalworking Fluids (Withdrawn 2017)
E2144 Practice for Personal Sampling and Analysis of Endotoxin in Metalworking Fluid Aerosols in Workplace Atmospheres
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E34 on Occupational Health and Safety and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E34.50 on Health
and Safety Standards for Metal Working Fluids.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017April 1, 2023. Published October 2017April 2023. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20112017 as
E1497 – 05 (2011).E1497 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/E1497-17.10.1520/E1497-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1497 − 23
E2148 Guide for Using Documents Related to Metalworking or Metal Removal Fluid Health and Safety
E2169 Practice for Selecting Antimicrobial Pesticides for Use in Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluids
E2275 Practice for Evaluating Water-Miscible Metalworking Fluid Bioresistance and Antimicrobial Pesticide Performance
E2523 Terminology for Metalworking Fluids and Operations
E2693 Practice for Prevention of Dermatitis in the Wet Metal Removal Fluid Environment
E2889 Practice for Control of Respiratory Hazards in the Metal Removal Fluid Environment
3
2.2 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations:
29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication
29 CFR 1910.132 General Requirements (Personal Protective Equipment) (e.g. gloves, sleeves, aprons, are critical applications
that avoid or reduce exposure)
29 CFR 1910.133 Eye and Face Protection
29 CFR 1910.134 Respiratory Protection
29 CFR 1910.1
...