ASTM C618-08a

Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed to fly ash or pozzolans may be desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved. Fly ash and natural pozzolans shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition requirements and physical requirements. The materials shall be tested for fineness, strength activity index, water requirement, soundness, and autoclave expansion or contraction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed to fly ash or pozzolans may be desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved.
Note 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air content of concrete. Hence, if a fly ash or natural pozzolan is added to any concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content tests and by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic cement.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2008
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.24 - Supplementary Cementitious Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C618-08 - Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1897-20 - Standard Test Methods for Measuring the Reactivity of Supplementary Cementitious Materials by Isothermal Calorimetry and Bound Water Measurements
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1786-19 - Standard Specification for Segmental Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1778-22 - Standard Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1884-23 - Standard Specification for Manufactured Concrete Ballast Units
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C14M-20 - Standard Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe (Metric)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1577-20e1 - Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Monolithic Box Sections for Culverts, Storm Drains, and Sewers Designed According to AASHTO LRFD
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D2902-21 - Standard Specification for Fluoropolymer Resin Heat-Shrinkable Tubing for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1504M-20 - Standard Specification for Manufacture of Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structures for Culverts and Storm Drains (Metric)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1266-20 - Standard Practice for Processing Mixtures of Lime, Fly Ash, and Heavy Metal Wastes in Structural Fills and Other Construction Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C55-22 - Standard Specification for Concrete Building Brick
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C685/C685M-17 - Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D6684-18 - Standard Specification for Materials and Manufacture of Articulating Concrete Block (ACB) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1491-19 - Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C94/C94M-23 - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C618 – 08a
Standard Specification for
Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use
1
in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or 3.1 Definitions:
calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementi- 3.1.1 The terms used in this specification are defined in
tious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other Terminology C125.
properties normally attributed to fly ash or pozzolans may be 3.1.2 fly ash—the finely divided residue that results from
desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved. the combustion of ground or powdered coal and that is
transported by flue gasses.
NOTE 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air
content of concrete. Hence, if a fly ash or natural pozzolan is added to any
NOTE 2—This definition of fly ash does not include, among other
concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be
things, the residue resulting from: (1) the burning of municipal garbage or
made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content
any other refuse with coal; (2) the injection of lime directly into the boiler
tests and by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an
for sulfur removal; or (3) the burning of industrial or municipal garbage
air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic
in incinerators commonly known as “incinerator ash.”
cement.
4. Classification
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 Class N—Raw or calcined natural pozzolans that com-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ply with the applicable requirements for the class as given
standard.
herein, such as some diatomaceous earths; opaline cherts and
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes,
shales; tuffs and volcanic ashes or pumicites, calcined or
which provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-
uncalcined; and various materials requiring calcination to
notes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
induce satisfactory properties, such as some clays and shales.
considered as requirements of the standard.
4.2 Class F—Flyashthatmeetstheapplicablerequirements
2. Referenced Documents
for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash has
2
pozzolanic properties.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 Class C—Flyashthatmeetstheapplicablerequirements
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash, in addition
gregates
to having pozzolanic properties, also has some cementitious
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
properties.
Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
NOTE 3—Class F fly ash is typically produced from burning anthracite
or bituminous coal, but may also be produced from subbituminous coal
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
andfromlignite.ClassCflyashistypicallyproducedfromburninglignite
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
or subbituminous coal, and may also be produced from anthracite or
C09.24 on Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
bituminous coal. Class C fly ashes contain total calcium contents,
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C618–08. DOI: expressed as calcium oxide (CaO), higher than 10 %.
10.1520/C0618–08A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5. Ordering Information
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 The purchaser shall specify any supplementary optional
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. physical requirements.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C618 – 08a
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Class
NF C
Silicon dioxide (SiO ) plus aluminum oxide (Al O ) plus iron oxide (Fe O ), 70.0 70.0 50.0
2 2 3 2 3
min, %
Sulfur trioxide (SO ), max, % 4.0 5.0 5.0
3
Moisture content, max, % 3.0 3.0 3.0
A
Loss on ignition, max, % 10.0 6.0 6.0
A
The use of Class F pozzolan containing up to 1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C618–08 Designation: C 618 – 08a
Standard Specification for
Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use
1
in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementitious or
pozzolanicaction,orboth,isdesired,orwhereotherpropertiesnormallyattributedtoflyashorpozzolansmaybedesired,orwhere
both objectives are to be achieved.
NOTE 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air content of concrete. Hence, if a fly ash or natural pozzolan is added to any
concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content tests and
by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic cement.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C 311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C 125.
3.1.2 fly ash—the finely divided residue that results from the combustion of ground or powdered coal and that is transported
by flue gasses.
NOTE 2—This definition of fly ash does not include, among other things, the residue resulting from: (1) the burning of municipal garbage or any other
refuse with coal; (2) the injection of lime directly into the boiler for sulfur removal; or ( 3) the burning of industrial or municipal garbage in incinerators
commonly known as “incinerator ash.”
4. Classification
4.1 Class N—Raworcalcinednaturalpozzolansthatcomplywiththeapplicablerequirementsfortheclassasgivenherein,such
as some diatomaceous earths; opaline cherts and shales; tuffs and volcanic ashes or pumicites, calcined or uncalcined; and various
materials requiring calcination to induce satisfactory properties, such as some clays and shales.
4.2 Class F—Fly ash that meets the applicable requirements for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash has pozzolanic
properties.
4.3 Class C—Fly ash that meets the applicable requirements for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash, in addition to
having pozzolanic properties, also has some cementitious properties.
NOTE 3—Class F fly ash is typically produced from burning anthracite or bituminous coal, but may also be produced from subbituminous coal and
from lignite. Class C fly ash is typically produced from burning lignite or subbituminous coal, and may also be produced from anthracite or bituminous
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on
Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
Current edition approved MarchOct. 1, 2008. Published MarchOctober 2008. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20052008 as
C618–05.C 618–08.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 618 – 08a
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Class
NF C
Silicon dioxide (SiO ) plus aluminum oxide (Al O ) plus iron oxide (Fe O ), 70.0 70.0 50.0
2 2 3 2 3
min, %
Sulfur trioxide (SO ), max, % 4.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C 618–08 Designation: C618 – 08a
Standard Specification for
Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use
1
in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementitious or
pozzolanicaction,orboth,isdesired,orwhereotherpropertiesnormallyattributedtoflyashorpozzolansmaybedesired,orwhere
both objectives are to be achieved.
NOTE 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air content of concrete. Hence, if a fly ash or natural pozzolan is added to any
concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content tests and
by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic cement.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C 125C125.
3.1.2 fly ash—the finely divided residue that results from the combustion of ground or powdered coal and that is transported
by flue gasses.
NOTE 2—This definition of fly ash does not include, among other things, the residue resulting from: (1) the burning of municipal garbage or any other
refuse with coal; (2) the injection of lime directly into the boiler for sulfur removal; or (3) the burning of industrial or municipal garbage in incinerators
commonly known as “incinerator ash.”
4. Classification
4.1 Class N—Raworcalcinednaturalpozzolansthatcomplywiththeapplicablerequirementsfortheclassasgivenherein,such
as some diatomaceous earths; opaline cherts and shales; tuffs and volcanic ashes or pumicites, calcined or uncalcined; and various
materials requiring calcination to induce satisfactory properties, such as some clays and shales.
4.2 Class F—Fly ash that meets the applicable requirements for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash has pozzolanic
properties.
4.3 Class C—Fly ash that meets the applicable requirements for this class as given herein. This class of fly ash, in addition to
having pozzolanic properties, also has some cementitious properties.
NOTE 3—Class F fly ash is typically produced from burning anthracite or bituminous coal, but may also be produced from subbituminous coal and
from lignite. Class C fly ash is typically produced from burning lignite or subbituminous coal, and may also be produced from anthracite or bituminous
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on
Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
Current edition approved MarchOct. 1, 2008. Published MarchOctober 2008. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20052008 asC
618–05.C618–08. DOI: 10.1520/C0618–08A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C618 – 08a
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Class
NF C
Silicon dioxide (SiO ) plus aluminum oxide (Al O ) plus iron oxide (Fe O ), 70.0 70.0 50.0
2 2 3 2 3
min, %
Sulfur tri
...