ASTM D3556-14
(Guide)Standard Guide for Deposition on Glassware During Mechanical Dishwashing
Standard Guide for Deposition on Glassware During Mechanical Dishwashing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended as a laboratory screening test to determine performance of the detergent under actual use conditions, but will not necessarily predict performance under all end-use conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers a procedure for measuring performance of a mechanical dishwashing detergent in terms of the buildup of spots and film on glassware. It is designed to evaluate household automatic dishwasher detergents but can be used as a screening test for institutional and commercial dishwashing products.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3556 − 14
Standard Guide for
1
Deposition on Glassware During Mechanical Dishwashing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2.1 Before each use, even if new, the glass tumblers may
be cleaned in a machine, first in a 1 % solution of citric acid
1.1 This guide covers a procedure for measuring perfor-
and then with a household automatic dishwashing detergent at
mance of a mechanical dishwashing detergent in terms of the
the manufacturer’s recommended use level, each in a normal
buildup of spots and film on glassware. It is designed to
wash cycle. Use deionized or distilled water for the rinses
evaluatehouseholdautomaticdishwasherdetergentsbutcanbe
during this cleaning procedure. Do not use the drying cycle of
used as a screening test for institutional and commercial
the machine until the tumblers appear to be free of soil or film.
dishwashing products.
No “water break” (droplet formation) should be evident when
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the tumblers have been rinsed. Any other procedure (such as
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
hand washing and polishing) which yields tumblers that are
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
spot- and film-free may be used.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 Standard Tableware (Note 2) (optional, see Section 6):
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3.1 Suggested tableware is as follows, Dinner plates,
10-in. diameter, Salad plates, 7-in. diameter, Cereal bowls,
2. Summary of Test Method
6-in. diameter, Saucers, 6-in. diameter, and Cutlery, stainless
2.1 Glass tumblers are given multiple washes in a mechani-
steel.
cal dishwasher in the presence of food soil and the levels of
NOTE 1—A mixture of china and plastic dishes is recommended but is
spotting and filming allowed by the detergents under test are
not essential; any standard quality type of dishware is satisfactory.
compared visually.
4.3.2 For each machine used, six dinner plates, six knives,
six forks, and six spoons are required, plus optionally enough
3. Significance and Use
of the other dishes to fill the lower rack of each machine (see
3.1 This test method is intended as a laboratory screening
Section 6).
test to determine performance of the detergent under actual use
4.4 Light Box for Visual Evaluation of Tumblers—Atypical
conditions, but will not necessarily predict performance under
light box is rectangular, open to the front, and has dead black
all end-use conditions.
insidesurfaces.Itislargeenoughtoholdupto15tumblersside
by side. Fluorescent lights are mounted in the base of the box
4. Apparatus
in such a manner that light passes up through the tumblers. It
4.1 Automatic Dishwasher(s)—Typical household machines
is preferable to have the light come only through the tumblers
should be selected. If more than one machine is required, pairs
and have the area surrounding them blocked out by suitable
with consecutive production numbers are recommended. For
means.
further refinement, two or more pairs of differing makes,
models, or ages (pair to pair) may be used.
5. Materials and Manufacture
2
4.2 Clear Undecorated Glass Tumblers,from8to15per
5.1 Standard Food Soil Components: nonfat powdered
machine, a larger number being used if it is planned to remove
milk, margarine, and wheat-based cooked cereal (optional).
onetumbleratintervalsthroughoutthetest(seeSection6).Ten
5.2 Standard Food Soil Preparation—A mixture of 80
tumblers simplify scoring.
weight % of margarine and 20 weight % of powdered milk is
prepared. The margarine is warmed until fluid (not over 100°F
(37.8°C)) and the powdered milk is sifted in and mixed
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps and
thoroughly.The mixture should be refrigerated when not in use
Other Detergents, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.16 on Hard
and not kept more than 2 weeks.
Surface Cleaning.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
approved in 1976 as D3556–76 T. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
2
D3556–85(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D3556-14. Any commercial brand of these items is satisfactory.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3556 − 14
TABLE 1 Water Hardness Range
5.3 Optional Food Soil Preparation—This mixture consists
of 70 % margarine, 1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3556 − 85 (Reapproved 2009) D3556 − 14
Standard Test Method Guide for
1
Deposition on Glassware During Mechanical Dishwashing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring performance of a mechanical dishwashing detergent in terms of the
buildup of spots and film on glassware. It is designed to evaluate household automatic dishwasher detergents but can be used as
a screening test for institutional dishwashing products.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 Glass tumblers are given multiple washes in a mechanical dishwasher in the presence of food soil and the levels of spotting
and filming allowed by the detergents under test are compared visually.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is intended as a laboratory screening test to determine performance of the detergent under actual use
conditions, but will not necessarily predict performance under all end-use conditions.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Automatic Dishwasher(s)—Typical household machines should be selected. If more than one machine is required, pairs with
consecutive production numbers are recommended. For further refinement, two or more pairs of differing makes, models, or ages
(pair to pair) may be used.
4.2 Clear Undecorated Glass Tumblers, from 8 to 15 per machine, a larger number being used if it is planned to remove one
tumbler at intervals throughout the test (see Section 6). Ten tumblers simplify scoring.
4.2.1 Before each use, even if new, the glass tumblers may be cleaned in a machine, first in a 1 % solution of citric acid and
then with a household automatic dishwashing detergent at the manufacturer’s recommended use level, each in a normal wash cycle.
Use deionized or distilled water for the rinses during this cleaning procedure. Do not use the drying cycle of the machine until the
tumblers appear to be free of soil or film. No “water break” should be evident when the tumblers have been rinsed. Any other
procedure (such as hand washing and polishing) which yields tumblers that are spot- and film-free may be used.
4.3 Standard Tableware (Note 1) (optional, see Section 6):
4.3.1 Suggested tableware is as follows, Dinner plates, 10-in. diameter, Salad plates, 7-in. diameter, Cereal bowls, 6-in.
diameter, Saucers, 6-in. diameter, and Cutlery, stainless steel.
NOTE 1—A mixture of china and plastic dishes is recommended but is not essential; any standard quality type of dishware is satisfactory.
4.3.2 For each machine used, six dinner plates, six knives, six forks, and six spoons are required, plus optionally enough of the
other dishes to fill the lower rack of each machine (see Section 6).
4.4 Light Box for Visual Evaluation of Tumblers—A typical light box is rectangular, open to the front, and has dead black inside
surfaces. It is large enough to hold up to 15 tumblers side by side. Fluorescent lights are mounted in the base of the box in such
a manner that light passes up through the tumblers. It is preferable to have the light come only through the tumblers and have the
area surrounding them blocked out by suitable means.
1
This test method guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps and Other Detergents, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.16 on
Hard Surface Cleaning.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2009 December 2014. Originally approved in 1976 as D3556–76 T. Last previous edition
approved in 20012009 as D3556–85(2001).D3556–85(2009). DOI: 10.1520/D3556-85R09.10.1520/D3556-14.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3556 − 14
5. Materials and Manufacture
2
5.1 Standard Food Soil Components: nonfat powdered milk, margarine, and wheat-based cooked cereal (optional).
5.2 Standard Food Soil Preparation—A mixture of 80 weight % of margarine and 20 weigh
...
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