ASTM F1322-15(2024)

Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators

ABSTRACT
This guide covers selection criteria to assist procurers in selecting the appropriate incinerator for their needs. A number of factors will govern the selection of the size and type of shipboard incinerator and full consideration must be given to each. The installed operating location of the unit is of equal importance to ensure low-cost operating, ease of charging, ease of cleaning, and so forth. The basis for satisfactory incinerator operation is the proper analysis of the waste to be destroyed and the selection of proper equipment to best destroy that particular waste. Shipboard wastes are classified according to types: Type 0; Type 1; Type 2; Type 3; Type 4; Type 5; and Type 6.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers selection criteria to assist procurers in selecting the appropriate incinerator for their needs.  
1.2 This guide is a companion document to Specification F1323.  
1.3 This guide does not apply to incinerator systems on special incinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial wastes such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so forth.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2023
• ICS: 13.030.40 - Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment
• ICS: 47.020.50 - Deck equipment and installations
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.06 - Marine Environmental Protection

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1322-15 - Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Referred By: ASTM F1323-14(2020) - Standard Specification for Shipboard Incinerators
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024

Overview

ASTM F1322-15(2024) - Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators provides comprehensive criteria to assist ship operators, suppliers, and marine engineers in choosing suitable shipboard incinerators for waste management at sea. This standard highlights essential factors influencing incinerator selection, including the type and amount of waste generated aboard ships, operational requirements, equipment capacity, and considerations linked to environmental regulations.

This guide is intended as a companion to ASTM F1323 and does not apply to special incinerator ships designed to burn industrial or hazardous wastes. Developed in line with international standardization principles, it helps ensure compliance with applicable regulations, such as those established by MARPOL 73/78, for effective shipboard waste treatment solutions.

Key Topics

• Waste Analysis and Classification:
  Proper assessment of onboard waste types is critical. Shipboard wastes are classified (Types 0–6) according to their composition, moisture content, and heating values, ranging from highly combustible trash to by-product waste.

• Incinerator Selection Criteria:
  The guide outlines key decision points for choosing the right size and type of shipboard incinerator:

  • Maximum daily waste quantities from crew, passengers, and stores
  • Waste and sludge oil generation estimates
  • Feeding mode (batch vs. continuous)
  • Installed location for operational efficiency
  • Ash removal procedures (manual or automatic)
  • Installation, space, and environmental considerations

• Capacity Calculation:
  Incinerator capacity must accommodate solid waste and machinery-generated sludge oil. The standard advises on estimating required capacity by considering engine output, waste types, and daily operational hours.

• Environmental Compliance:
  Incinerators must typically meet emission limits specified in international maritime regulations (MARPOL Annex VI).

• Operational Considerations:
  Guidelines include recommendations for handling repairs, maintenance downtime, and integration with vessel waste management plans.

Applications

The ASTM F1322-15(2024) guide is widely used for:

• Ship Design and Specification:
  Marine architects and shipbuilders reference this standard when specifying waste management systems for new vessels and retrofits, ensuring optimal placement, sizing, and integration of incinerators.

• Procurement and Supply:
  Shipowners, operators, and equipment suppliers use these criteria to select incinerator models that meet the operational needs and regulatory obligations of various ship types, from cargo ships to cruise liners.

• Compliance and Environmental Management:
  The guide supports maintaining compliance with international marine pollution protocols, reducing emissions and promoting environmentally responsible disposal of solid and liquid shipboard wastes.

• Operational Planning:
  Crews can use the outlined calculations and procedures to plan for waste storage, combustion efficiency, and routine incinerator operations during voyages.

Related Standards

• ASTM F1323 - Specification for Shipboard Incinerators: The companion document providing technical requirements and test methods for the design and performance of marine incinerators.
• MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI - International standards for the prevention of air pollution from ships, including requirements for emissions and waste management practices.
• IMO Guidelines - International Maritime Organization recommendations for shipboard equipment and operation regarding environmental protection.

Summary of Benefits

Utilizing ASTM F1322-15(2024) helps stakeholders:

• Ensure a systematic approach to shipboard incinerator selection
• Achieve compliance with safety and environmental regulations
• Optimize waste management efficiency aboard vessels
• Support sustainable and cost-effective marine operations

Keywords: shipboard incinerators, ASTM F1322, marine waste management, incinerator selection, MARPOL compliance, sludge oil, solid waste management, ship environmental standards

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1322 − 15 (Reapproved 2024) An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
Selection of Shipboard Incinerators
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 continuous feeding, n—pump transfer of sludge oil
into the incinerator combustion chamber on a continuous basis;
1.1 This guide covers selection criteria to assist procurers in
also, the feeding of solid waste into the combustion chamber
selecting the appropriate incinerator for their needs.
by a screw conveyor or sluice system.
1.2 This guide is a companion document to Specification
3.1.3 sludge oil, n—residual from fuel and lubricating oil
F1323.
separators, oily waste from machinery and hydraulic power
1.3 This guide does not apply to incinerator systems on
units, drip trays, and oil-water separators.
special incinerator ships, for example, for burning industrial
3.1.4 sluice system, n—trap door system, whereby it is
wastes such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and so
possible in a safe manner to feed solid waste into the
forth.
combustion chamber while the incinerator is operating at high
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
temperature.
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.5 solid waste, n—combustible trash, garbage, and rub-
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
bish (see also 7.4).
tion only and are not considered standard.
3.1.6 waste, n—unneeded or useless matter which is to be
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
discarded.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Selecting the Incinerator Size and Installed Location
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 4.1 A number of factors will govern the selection of the size
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. and type of shipboard incinerator and full consideration must
be given to each. The installed operating location of the unit is
2. Referenced Documents
of equal importance to ensure low-cost operating, ease of
charging, ease of cleaning, and so forth. Consideration should
2.1 ASTM Standards:
be given to the following:
F1323 Specification for Shipboard Incinerators
4.1.1 Maximum amount of each type of waste that will be
2.2 Other Document:
incinerated each day (see Section 5).
MARPOL 73 ⁄78
4.1.2 The normal number of hours per day that the incin-
3. Terminology erator will be in operation.
4.1.3 Loading procedure (batch/continuous) over operating
3.1 Definitions:
hours.
3.1.1 batch feeding, n—non-continuous feeding incinerator
4.1.4 Can wet and dry material be loaded into the incinera-
where the combustion chamber shall be cooled down between
tor so that a large volume of auxiliary fuel is not required?
placing solid waste into the combustion chamber.
4.1.5 Can the incinerator be installed on the ship in a
location near the major source of refuse so as to minimize the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and
manpower requirements during loading operations?
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 on
4.1.6 Ash removal, if the incinerator is installed in the
Marine Environmental Protection.
machinery space or on a lower deck.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2024. Published January 2024. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F1322 – 15. DOI:
4.1.7 Will ash removal be manual (shoveling) or semiauto-
10.1520/F1322-15R24.
matic (plow)?
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 5. Estimating Daily Quantities of Waste to Be
the ASTM website.
Incinerated
Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4, Albert
Embankment, London, UK, SEI 7SR, http://www.imo.org. 5.1 Size of Ship’s Crew:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1322 − 15 (2024)
5.1.1 Galley and crew quarters waste estimate: 1.5 kg 7.4.1 Type 0—Trash, a mixture of highly combustible waste,
(3.3 lb) per crew member per day. such as paper, cardboard, cartons, wood boxes, and combus-
tible floor sweepings from commercial and industrial activities.
5.2 Number of Passengers Carried:
The mixtures contain up to 10 % by weight of plastic bags,
5.2.1 Galley and passenger quarters waste estimate: 2.5 kg
coated paper, laminated paper, treated corrugated cardboard,
(5.5 lb) per passenger per day.
oil rags, and plastic or rubber scraps.
5.3 Stores—Estimated amount of packaging for food and
7.4.1.1 This type of waste contains 10 % moisture, 5 %
other items that, during the underway period, will become
incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 19 730 kJ ⁄kg
waste in the form of rubbish or trash; 0.5 kg (1.1 lb) per crew
(8500 Btu/lb) as fired.
member or passenger per day.
7.4.2 Type 1—Rubbish, a mixture of combustible waste,
5.4 Sludge oil generation (see 8.3).
such as paper, cardboard cartons, wood scrap, foliage, and
combustible floor sweepings, from domestic, commercial, and
6. Other Factors for Selection
industrial activities. The mixture contains up to 20 % by weight
6.1 Type of Unit (for example: solid waste only, solid waste,
of galley or cafeteria waste, but contains little or no treated
and sludge oil).
papers, plastic, or rubber wastes.
7.4.2.1 This type of waste contains 25 % moisture, 10 %
6.2 Capacity of unit in kW or BTU/hr (based on waste
incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 15 100 kJ ⁄kg
generation estimate, heat content of waste, and operating
(6500 Btu/lb) as fired.
hours).
7.4.3 Type 2—Refuse, consisting of an approximately even
6.3 Sludge oil capacity.
mixture of rubbish and garbage by weight.
6.4 Loading considerations (batch loading or continuous
7.4.3.1 This type of waste is common to passenger ships
feed).
occupancy, consisting of up to 50 % moisture, 7 % incombus-
6.5 Installation considerations (indoor/outdoor).
tible solids, and has a heating value of 10 000 kJ/kg
(4300 Btu ⁄lb) as fired.
6.6 Environmental considerations (incinerators are normally
7.4.4 Type 3—Garbage, consisting of animal and vegetable
required to meet the emission limits specified in IMO MAR-
wastes from restaurants, cafeterias, galleys, sick bays, and like
POL 73/78, Annex VI).
installations.
6.7 Heat recover options (amount of steam or hot water).
7.4.4.1 This type of waste contains up to 70 % moisture, up
6.8 Ash removal.
to 5 % incombustible solids, and has a heating value of
6.9 Induced draft fan requirements. 5800 kJ ⁄kg (2500 Btu/lb) as fired.
7.4.5 Type 4—Aquatic life forms and animal remains, con-
6.10 Modular/package construction.
sisting of carcasses, organs and solid organic wastes from
6.11 Dimensions/weight.
vessels carrying animal type cargos, consisting of up to 85 %
moisture, 5 % incombustible solids, and having a heating value
7. Classification of Shipboard Wastes and Incinerators
range of 2300 kJ/kg (1000 Btu/lb) as fired.
7.1 The basis for satisfactory incinerator operation is the
7.4.6 Type 5—By-product waste, liquid or semi-liquid, such
proper analysis of the waste to be destroy
...