ASTM D2269-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the examination and evaluation of NF and USP grade white mineral oils.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to oils containing additives soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide that exhibit fluorescence or fluorescence quenching properties.
1.3 The values in SI units are regarded as the standard. The values stated in mesh are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 7.1.1, 7.1.2, and 7.1.3.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2269–99
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2269; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 radiant energy, n—energy transmitted as electromag-
netic waves.
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the exami-
3.1.3 radiant power, P, n—the rate at which energy is
nation and evaluation of NF and USPgrade white mineral oils.
transported in a beam of radiant energy.
1.2 This test method is not applicable to oils containing
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
additives soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) that exhibit
3.2.1 absorbance, A, n—the logarithm to the base 10 of the
fluorescence or fluorescence quenching properties.
reciprocal of the transmittance, T. In symbols:
1.3 The values in SI units are regarded as the standard. The
values stated in mesh are for information only. A 5 log ~1/T!52log T (1)
10 10
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
where T is the transmittance as defined in 3.2.5.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 absorptivity, a, n—the absorbance divided by the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
product of sample pathlength and concentration. In symbols:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a 5 A/bc (2)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
whereAistheabsorbanceasdefinedin3.2.1,bisthesample
precautionary statements, see 7.1.1-7.1.3.
pathlength as defined in 3.2.4, and c is the concentration as
2. Referenced Documents
defined in 3.2.3.
3.2.3 concentration, c, n—the quantity of sample expressed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
in grams per litre.
D 1840 Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in
3.2.4 sample pathlength, b, n—the distance in centimetres,
Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
measuredinthedirectionofpropagationofthebeamofradiant
E 131 Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy
energy, between the surfaces of the specimen on which the
E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
radiant energy is incident and the surface of the specimen from
of Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near Infrared Spectrophotom-
which it is emergent.
eters
3.2.5 transmittance, T, n—the ratio of the radiant power
2.2 Other Standard:
transmitted by the mineral oil extract in its cell to the radiant
U.S. Pharmacopeia USP XIII/National Formulary (NF
power transmitted by the solvent control in its cell. Expressed
XVIII)
by,
3. Terminology
T 5 P /P (3)
e c
3.1 Definitions:
where P is the radiant power transmitted by the mineral oil
e
3.1.1 For definitions of terms and symbols relating to
extract and P is the radiant power transmitted by the solvent
c
absorption spectroscopy see Terminology E 131. Terms of
control.
particular significance are the following:
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Asample of oil is extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
the ultraviolet absorbance of the extract is determined in the
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
range from 260 to 350 nm. The absorbance is compared with
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
that of a naphthalene standard.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1999. Published December 1999. Originally
published as D 2269 – 64 T. Last previous edition D 2269 – 93.
5. Significance and Use
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
5.1 The ultraviolet absorption of white mineral oils is used
r 1996–1998 The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., 12601
to determine their suitability for use in food, drug, and
Twinbrook Parkway, Rockville, MD 20852. Library of Congress Catalog Card
Number 83-640088. cosmetic applications.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2269
as it is very hygroscopic and reacts with some metal containers in the
5.2 The U.S. Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary
presence of air.
specifications for mineral oil require the measurement of
ultraviolet absorption.
7.2 Naphthalene—high-purity, 99+ %.
7.3 Standard Reference Solution—Asolution containing 7.0
6. Apparatus
mg of naphthalene per litre of purified isooctane.
6.1 Spectrophotometer, equipped to handle liquid samples 7.4 Standard Reference Spectrum— The absorbance curve
obtained by scanning the standard reference solution in the
in 1-cm path length cells. The instrument shall be capable of
measuring absorbance with a repeatability of 61.0 % or better range from 260 to 350 nm against isooctane of the same
spectral purity as that used to prepare the standard. (6.2)
from an average at the 0.4 absorbance level in the spectral
region near 290 nm with a nominal band width of 1 nm or less. 7.5 Standard Reference Absorbance— The absorbance at
275 nm of the standard reference spectrum. (6.2)
NOTE 1—For recommended methods of testing spectrophotometers to
be used in this test method refer to Practice E 275.
NOTE 4—This absorbance will be approximately 0.30.
6.2 Fused Quartz Cells, two, having path lengths of 1.00 6
8. Procedure
0.005 cm, or better. The distance in centimetres does not
8.1 Transfer 25 mL of the mineral oil and 25 mL of hexane
include the thickness of the cell in which the sample is
to a separatory funnel and mix. Add 5.0 mL of dimethyl
contained.
sulfoxide and shake the mixture vigorously for at least 1 min.
6.3 Separatory Funnels, glass-stoppered, 125-mL capacity,
Allow to stand until the lower layer is clear.
equipped with TFE-fluorocarbon stopcocks or other suitable
8.2 Transfer the lower layer to a separatory funnel, add 2
stopcocks that will not contaminate the solvents used.
mLofhexaneandshakethemixturevigorously.Allowtostand
until the lower layer is clear. Draw off the lower layer,
7. Reagents and Materials
designated as mineral oil extract, into a 1-cm cell.
7.1 Solvents :
8.3 Add 5.0 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide to 25 mL of hexane
7.1.1 Normal Hexane— Pure grade, having an ultraviolet
in a separatory funnel. Shake vigorously for at least 1 min and
light absorbance not exceeding 0.02 down to 260 nm when
allow to stand until the lower layer is clear. Draw off this layer,
measured in a 1-c
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