ASTM D7029-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Reactivity of Unsaturated Polyesters and Vinyl Esters at 180.0°F (82.2°C)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Reactivity of Unsaturated Polyesters and Vinyl Esters at 180.0°F (82.2°C)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to measure the reactivity of different lots of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins. The information provided by this test is often used for assessing the predicted performance of a resin when used in elevated temperature as part of the process used to convert the resin into a finished product.
5.2 The method is used in research and development by companies that manufacture resins and for incoming quality control companies using these polymers as raw materials for production. The method is based on the methods which were previously outlined in the Handbook of Reinforced Plastics, “Procedure for Running Exotherm Curves Using the Block Test Method” published by the Society of the Plastics Industry.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard provides a standardized test method for determining the gelation and exotherm curve of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins. This method provides guidance for measurement of the “Standard 180°F (82.2°C) Exotherm Curve” along with information on potential variances of the measurement for some special resins. This test method provides information concerning the reactivity of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins as they go through polymerization after mixing with the initiator.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard, although ISO 584 is similar.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7029 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Reactivity of Unsaturated Polyesters and
1
Vinyl Esters at 180.0°F (82.2°C)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2.2 Society of Plastics Industry, Inc.:
Handbook of Reinforced Plastics “Procedure for Running
1.1 This standard provides a standardized test method for
Exotherm Curves Using the Block Test Method”
determining the gelation and exotherm curve of unsaturated
2.3 ISO Standard:
polyester and vinyl ester resins. This method provides guid-
ISO584 ReinforcedPlasticsBasedonUnsaturatedPolyester
ance for measurement of the “Standard 180°F (82.2°C) Exo-
3
Resins—Determination of Reactivity at 80°C
therm Curve” along with information on potential variances of
the measurement for some special resins. This test method
3. Terminology
provides information concerning the reactivity of unsaturated
polyester and vinyl ester resins as they go through polymer-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms that appear in this
ization after mixing with the initiator.
practice relating to plastics, refer to Terminology D883.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard, although
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ISO 584 is similar.
3.2.1 gel time—the period of time in minutes and seconds
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
required for the recording pyrometer to go from a temperature
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
below (usually 10 to 30°F or 5.5 to 16°C) bath temperature to
each system are not necessarily equivalents; therefore, each
10°F (5.55°C) above the bath temperature, typically 150°F
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
(65.5°C) to 190°F (78.8°C) for a bath at 180°F (82.2°C).
values from the two systems has the potential to result in
3.2.2 cure time—the period of time in minutes and seconds
nonconformance with the standard.
required for the recording pyrometer to go from a temperature
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
below (usually 10 to 30°F or 5.5 to 16°C) bath temperature to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the maximum temperature reading, typically 150°F (65.5°C) to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the maximum temperature for a bath at 180°F (82.2°C).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.3 interval time—the period of time in minutes and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
seconds required for the recording pyrometer to go from 10°F
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
(5.5°C) above the bath temperature to the maximum tempera-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ture reading, typically 190°F (78.8°C) to the maximum tem-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
perature. Thus, interval time is cure time minus gel time.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.2.4 peak exotherm—the maximum temperature reached
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. during the testing.
3.2.5 recording pyrometer—a broad class of temperature
2. Referenced Documents
measuringdevicesincludingthermocoupleswiththeabilityfor
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
continuous temperature recording.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
3.2.6 initiator—a compound that generates free radicals to
start the free radical polymerization of the unsaturated polyes-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
ter and vinyl ester resins.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-
3.2.6.1 Discussion—An initiator is typically a single
ting Plastics.
peroxide, but there are instances in which a combination of
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7029 - 09. DOI:
initiators is used.
10.1520/D7029-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7029 − 09 D7029 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Reactivity of Unsaturated Polyesters and
1
Vinyl Esters at 180.0°F (82.2°C)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7029; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This standard provides a standardized test method for determining the gelation and exotherm curve of unsaturated polyester
and vinyl ester resins. This method provides guidance for measurement of the “Standard 180°F (82.2°C) Exotherm Curve” along
with information on potential variances of the measurement which may be required for for some special resins. This test method
provides information concerning the reactivity of unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester resins as they go through polymerization
after mixing with the initiator.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard, although ISO 584 is similar.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not be exact necessarily equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may has the potential to result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
2.2 Society of Plastics Industry, Inc.:
Handbook of Reinforced Plastics “Procedure for Running Exotherm Curves Using the Block Test Method”
2.3 ISO Standard:
3
ISO 584 Reinforced Plastics Based on Unsaturated Polyester Resins—Determination of Reactivity at 80°C
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms that appear in this practice relating to plastics, refer to Terminology D883.
3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 gel time—the period of time in minutes and seconds required for the recording pyrometer to go from a temperature below
(usually 10 to 30°F or 5.5 to 16°C) bath temperature to 10°F (5.55°C) above the bath temperature, typically 150°F (65.5°C) to
190°F (78.8°C) for a bath at 180°F (82.2°C).
3.2.2 cure time—the period of time in minutes and seconds required for the recording pyrometer to go from a temperature below
(usually 10 to 30°F or 5.5 to 16°C) bath temperature to the maximum temperature reading, typically 150°F (65.5°C) to the
maximum temperature for a bath at 180°F (82.2°C).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermosetting
Plastics.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009July 15, 2017. Published September 2009August 2017. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20042009
as D7029 - 04.D7029 - 09. DOI: 10.1520/D7029-09.10.1520/D7029-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7029 − 17
3.2.3 interval time—the period of time in minutes and seconds required for the recording pyrometer to go from 10°F (5.5°C)
above the bath temperature to the maximum temperature reading, typically 190°F (78.8°C) to the maximum temperature. Thus,
interval time is cure time minus gel time.
3.2.4 pe
...
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