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ASTM E1806-96(2001)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel, both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and blast furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determination of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections. SectionsRequirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation6General6.1Sample6.2Selection of a Sample6.3Preparation of a Sample6.4Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production7General7.1Spoon Sampling7.2Probe Sampling7.3Preparation of a Sample for Analysis7.4Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production8General8.1Spoon Sampling8.2Probe Sampling8.3Preparation of a Sample for Analysis8.4Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination ofOxygen and Hydrogen8.5Liquid Steel for Steel Production9General9.1Probe Sampling9.2Spoon Sampling9.3Preparation of a Sample for Analysis8.4Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determinationof Oxygen9.5Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determinationof Hydrogen9.6Pig Irons10General10.1Increment Sampling10.2Preparation of a Sample for Analysis10.3Cast Iron Products11General11.1Sampling and Sample Preparation11.2Steel Products12General12.1Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample forAnalysis from a Cast Product12.2Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample forAnalysis from a Wrought Product12.3Preparation of a Sample for Analysis12.4Sampling of Leaded Steel12.5Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determinationof Oxygen12.6Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determinationof Hydrogen12.7Keywords13 AnnexesSampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and SteelAnnex A1Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for theAnnex A2Determination of Hydrogen
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 For specific precautions, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, and 12.5.1.1 as well as Section 5.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2000
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Drafting Committee
E01.01 - Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1806-96 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E354-21e1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E352-18e1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Tool Steels and Other Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E350-18 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E3346-22 - Standard Guide for Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction Instruments for use in Analyzing Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E415-21 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E1086-22 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E1019-18 - Standard Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by Various Combustion and Inert Gas Fusion Techniques
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM C1494-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Determination of Mass Fraction of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Silicon Nitride Powder
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E353-19e1 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM A53/A53M-22 - Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E1852-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Levels of Antimony in Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM A1001-18 - Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Castings in Heavy Sections
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E2209-22 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Manganese Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM A751-21 - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 1806 – 96 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Practice for
Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical
1
Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.2
Analysis from a Cast Product
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel,
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.3
both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and
Analysis from a Wrought Product
Preparation of a Sample forAnalysis 12.4
blast furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determi-
Sampling of Leaded Steel 12.5
nation of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.6
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections.
of Oxygen
Sections
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.7
Requirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation 6
of Hydrogen
General 6.1
Sample 6.2
Keywords 13
Selection of a Sample 6.3
Preparation of a Sample 6.4
Annexes
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and Steel AnnexA1
Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production 7
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for the AnnexA2
General 7.1
Determination of Hydrogen
Spoon Sampling 7.2
Probe Sampling 7.3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Preparation of a Sample forAnalysis 7.4
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production 8
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
General 8.1
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Spoon Sampling 8.2
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Probe Sampling 8.3
Preparation of a Sample forAnalysis 8.4
1.4 For specific precautions, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, and
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination of 8.5
12.5.1.1 as well as Section 5.
Oxygen and Hydrogen
2. Referenced Documents
Liquid Steel for Steel Production 9
General 9.1 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Probe Sampling 9.2
A 48 Specification for Gray Iron Castings
Spoon Sampling 9.3
Preparation of a Sample forAnalysis 9.4
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Definitions for Chemi-
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.5
cal Analysis of Steel Products
of Oxygen
E 135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.6
of Hydrogen
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E 415 Test Method for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectro-
Pig Irons 10
metric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
General 10.1
Increment Sampling 10.2
E 1010 Practice for Preparation of Disk Specimens of Steel
Preparation of a Sample forAnalysis 10.3
and Iron for Spectrochemical Analysis by Remelting
E 1087 Practice for Sampling Molten Steel from a Ladle
Cast Iron Products 11
General 11.1
Using an Immersion Sampler to Produce a Sample for
Sampling and Sample Preparation 11.2
3
Spectrochemical Analysis
2.2 ISO Documents:
Steel Products 12
General 12.1
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved April 10, 1996. Published June 1996. Withdrawn.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E 1806 – 96 (2001)
4
ISO 9147 Pig irons–Definition and classification 3.2.18 wrought product, n—item of steel which has been
ISO 14284 Steel and iron—Sampling and preparation of subject to deformation by rolling, drawing, forging, or some
4
samples for the determination of chemical composition other method, for example, a bar, billet, plate, strip, tube, or
wire.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms in this practice, 4. Significance and Use
refer to Terminology E 135.
4.1 This practice covers all aspects of sampling and prepar-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
ing steel and iron for chemical analysis as defined in Test
3.2.1 cast product, n—item of iron or steel which has not
Methods, Practices, and Definitions A 751 and Specification
been subject to deformation, for example, a
...

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ASTM E135-23a(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use in all standards on analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. The definitions should be used uniformly and consistently. The purpose of these definitions is to promote clear understanding and interpretation of the standards in which the terms are used.
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1.1 This is a compilation of terms commonly used in analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources are identified.  
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a discussion.  
1.3 The date of last reapproval or revision of a term is in parentheses at the end of the definition.  
1.4 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the name of the organization and the identifying document or ASTM committee and standard.  
1.5 Definitions specific to a particular field (such as emission spectrometry) are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E1806-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice covers all aspects of sampling and preparing steel and iron for chemical analysis as defined in Test Methods, Practices, and Definitions A751 and Specification A48/A48M. Such subjects as sampling location and the sampling of lots are defined.  
4.2 This practice includes most requirements for sampling steel and iron for analysis. Standard test methods that reference this practice need contain only special modifications and exceptions.  
4.3 All who use these procedures should be trained samplers capable of performing common sampling operations skillfully and safely. Only proper sampling equipment should be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel, both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and blast furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determination of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.  
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections.    
Sections  
Requirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation  
6  
General  
6.1  
Sample  
6.2  
Selection of a Sample  
6.3  
Preparation of a Sample  
6.4  
Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production  
7  
General  
7.1  
Spoon Sampling  
7.2  
Probe Sampling  
7.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
7.4  
Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production  
8  
General  
8.1  
Spoon Sampling  
8.2  
Probe Sampling  
8.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
8.4  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination of  
8.5  
Oxygen and Hydrogen  
Liquid Steel for Steel Production  
9  
General  
9.1  
Probe Sampling  
9.2  
Spoon Sampling  
9.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
9.4  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
9.5  
of Oxygen  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
9.6  
of Hydrogen  
Pig Irons  
10  
General  
10.1  
Increment Sampling  
10.2  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
10.3  
Cast Iron Products  
11  
General  
11.1  
Sampling and Sample Preparation  
11.2  
Sections  
Steel Products  
12  
General  
12.1  
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for  
12.2  
Analysis from a Cast Product  
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for  
12.3  
Analysis from a Wrought Product  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
12.4  
Sampling of Leaded Steel  
12.5  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
12.6  
of Oxygen  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
12.7  
of Hydrogen  
Keywords  
13  
Annexes  
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and Steel  
Annex A1  
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for the  
Annex A2  
Determination of Hydrogen  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific statements, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, 12.5.1, and Section 5.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Analysis of Cast Iron by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of cast iron alloys shall be determined accurately in order to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
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1.1 This test method covers the analysis of cast iron by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown (Note 1):
Ranges, %  
Elements  
Applicable Range, %  
Quantitative Range, %A  
Carbon  
1.9 to 3.8  
1.90 to 3.8  
Chromium  
0 to 2.0  
0.025 to 2.0  
Copper  
0 to 0.75  
0.015 to 0.75  
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0.03 to 1.8  
Molybdenum  
0 to 1.2  
0.01 to 1.2  
Nickel  
0 to 2.0  
0.02 to 2.0  
Phosphorus  
0 to 0.4  
0.005 to 0.4  
Silicon  
0 to 2.5  
0.15 to 2.5  
Sulfur  
0 to 0.08  
0.01 to 0.08  
Tin  
0 to 0.14  
0.004 to 0.14  
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0 to 0.12  
0.003 to 0.12  
Vanadium  
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0.008 to 0.22
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of titanium and titanium alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with specifications of chemical composition such as those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
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1.1 This method describes the analysis of titanium and titanium alloys, such as specified by committee B10, by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and direct current plasma atomic emission spectrometry (DCP-AES) for the following elements:    
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Quantitative
Range (wt.%)  
Aluminum  
0–8  
0.009 to 8.0  
Boron  
0–0.04  
0.0008 to 0.01  
Cobalt  
0-1  
0.006 to 0.1  
Chromium  
0–5  
0.005 to 4.0  
Copper  
0–0.6  
0.004 to 0.5  
Iron  
0–3  
0.004 to 3.0  
Manganese  
0–0.04  
0.003 to 0.01  
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0.004 to 6.0  
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0.008 to 0.1  
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1.3 Because of the lack of certified reference materials (CRMs) containing bismuth, hafnium, and magnesium, these elements were not included in the scope or the interlaboratory study (ILS). It may be possible to extend the scope of this test method to include these elements provided that method validation includes the evaluation of method sensitivity, precision, and bias during the development of the testing method.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazards statements are given in Section 9.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principle...

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Standard Test Method for Determination of Silver in Copper Concentrates by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the primary metallurgical processes used by the mineral processing industry for copper bearing ores, copper and silver associated with sulfide mineralization are concentrated by the process of flotation for recovery of the metals.  
5.2 This test method is a comparative method and is intended to be a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for metal content or to monitor processes.  
5.3 It is assumed that all who use this method will be trained analysts capable of performing skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices must be followed such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of silver in the range of 13 μg/g to 500 μg/g by acid dissolution of the silver and measurement by atomic absorption spectrometry. Copper concentrates are internationally traded within the following content ranges:    
Element  
Unit  
Content Range  
Aluminum  
%  
0.05  
to  
2.50  
Antimony  
%  
0.0001  
to  
4.50  
Arsenic  
%  
0.01  
to  
0.50  
Barium  
%  
0.003  
to  
0.10  
Bismuth  
%  
0.001  
to  
0.16  
Cadmium  
%  
0.0005  
to  
0.04  
Calcium  
%  
0.05  
to  
4.00  
Carbon  
%  
0.10  
to  
0.90  
Chlorine  
%  
0.001  
to  
0.006  
Chromium  
%  
0.0001  
to  
0.10  
Cobalt  
%  
0.0005  
to  
0.20  
Copper  
%  
10.0  
to  
44.0  
Fluorine  
%  
0.001  
to  
0.10  
Gold  
μg/g  
1.40  
to  
100.0  
Iron  
%  
12.0  
to  
30.0  
Lead  
%  
0.01  
to  
1.40  
Magnesium  
%  
0.02  
to  
2.00  
Manganese  
%  
0.009  
to  
0.10  
Mercury  
μg/g  
0.05  
to  
50.0  
Molybdenum  
%  
0.002  
to  
0.25  
Nickel  
%  
0.0001  
to  
0.08  
Silicon  
%  
0.40  
to  
20.0  
Silver  
μg/g  
18.0  
to  
8000  
Sulfur  
%  
10.0  
to  
36.0  
Tin  
%  
0.004  
to  
0.012  
Zinc  
%  
0.005  
to  
4.30  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1805-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Gold in Copper Concentrates by Fire Assay Gravimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the metallurgical process used in the mining industries, gold is often carried along with copper during the flotation concentration process. Metallurgical accounting, process control, and concentrate evaluation procedures for this type of material depend on an accurate, precise measurement of the gold in the copper concentrate. This test method is intended to be a reference method for metallurgical laboratories and a referee method to settle disputes in commercial transactions. It is also a definitive method intended to test materials for compliance with compositional specifications and to provide data for certification of reference materials. It is essential that each performance of the method be validated by applying it to appropriate reference materials at the same time and in the same manner as it is applied to the unknowns.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this test method will be trained analysts capable of performing skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for the determination of gold in copper concentrates in the content range from 0.2 μg/g to 17 μg/g.
Note 1: The lower scope limit is set in accordance with Practice E1601.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 11.3.1, 11.5.4, and 11.6.5.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E508-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium and Magnesium in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for impurity content. It is assumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of calcium and magnesium in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates in the mass fraction (%) range from 0.05 % to 5 % of calcium and 0.05 % to 3 % of magnesium.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E507-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Aluminum in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for impurity content. It is assumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of aluminum in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates in the mass fraction (%) range from 0.1 to 5.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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