ASTM D6062-19
(Guide)Standard Guide for Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
Standard Guide for Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to provide the conventions adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1). The definition of respirable aerosol is the basis for recommended exposure levels (REL) of respirable coal mine dust as promulgated by NIOSH (Criteria for a Recommended Standard, Occupational Exposure to Respirable Coal Mine Dust (15)). The respirable aerosol definition also forms the basis of the NIOSH sampling method for respirable particulates not otherwise regulated (NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (16)).
4.2 The convention can be used for those who are preparing to evaluate a workplace environment by collecting samples of aerosolized particles, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by such sampling. The convention to be used is not always straightforward, but generally depends on what part of the respiratory system is affected by the aerosol particles. The conventions are often applied for approximating mass fractions, but they may also be used in the evaluation of total surface area or the number of particles in the collected material.
4.3 The conventions constitute a part of the performance characteristics required of aerosol samplers for collecting aerosol according to the relevant health effects. This guide therefore does not specify particular samplers for measuring the aerosol fractions defined here. Detailed guidelines for evaluating any given sampler relative to the conventions are available (CEN EN 13205, six parts). Several advantages over instrument specification can be attributed to the adoption of these performance-associated conventions:
4.3.1 The conventions have a recognized relationship to health effects.
4.3.2 Performance criteria permit instrument designers to seek practical sampler improvements.
4.3.3 Performance criteria promote continued ex...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance with permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment. The conventions have been adopted by the International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1).2 The conventions were developed (2) in part from health-effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH (3) and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4). Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable fractions.
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532, which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclones and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifically the optimal flow rate, are still valid although the estimated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous aerosol fraction definitions. Details on these instruments have been published (5-11).
1.3 Limitations:
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agencies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects of the different size fractions, but in part allowing for available sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in fact, for the eventual setting of common standards by the EC countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumentation. Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the specific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on whether breathing is by nose or mouth. The values given in the inhalable convention are for representative values of bre...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6062 − 19
Standard Guide for
1
Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope inhalable convention are for representative values of breathing
rate and represent averages over all wind directions.
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of
1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary from
specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-
individual to individual and with the breathing pattern. The
fibrous airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing
conventions are approximations to the average case.
health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance
1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction pen-
with permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient
etrating to a region, rather than depositing. Therefore, samples
environment. The conventions have been adopted by the
collected according to the conventions may only approximate
International Standards Organization (ISO 7708), the Comité
correlationswithbiologicaleffects.Forexample,therespirable
Européen de Normalisation (CEN EN 481), and the American
convention overestimates the fraction of very small particles
Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
2 deposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory system
(1). The conventions were developed (2) in part from health-
because some of the particles are actually exhaled without
effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a
being deposited (12). In many workplaces, these very small
compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH (3)
particles contribute insignificantly to the sampled mass.
and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4).
Furthermore, the large variability between individuals and the
Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respi-
details of clearance may be as important as this type of effect.
rable fractions.
1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing,
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532,
for which aerosol collection is greater than during nose
which describes the performance of respirable dust cyclones
breathing.
and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifi-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
cally the optimal flow rate, are still valid although the esti-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
mated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous
standard.
aerosol fraction definitions. Details on these instruments have
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
been published (5-11).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.3 Limitations:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agen-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the different size fractions, but in part allowing for available
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
fact, for the eventual setting of common standards by the EC
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumenta-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tion. Deviations of the sampling conventions from health-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
related effects are as follows:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the spe-
cific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on
2. Referenced Documents
whether breathing is by nose or mouth.The values given in the
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
Atmospheres
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir Quality.
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
3
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6062 – 07 (2012). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websit
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6062 − 07 (Reapproved 2012) D6062 − 19
Standard Guide for
1
Personal Samplers of Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide defines conventions for personal samplers of specific particle-size-dependent fractions of any given non-fibrous
airborne aerosol. Such samplers are used for assessing health effects and in the setting of and testing for compliance with
permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment. The conventions have been adopted by the International
Standards Organization (Technical Report ISO TR (ISO 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN Standard EN 481),
2
and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1). The conventions were developed (2) in part
from health-effects studies reviewed (3) by the ACGIH and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed by the ACGIH
(3) and by the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) (4). Conventions are given here for inhalable, thoracic, and respirable
fractions.
1.2 This guide is complementary to Test Method D4532, which describes the performance of a particular instrument, the 10-mm
cyclone, respirable dust cyclones and operational procedures for use. The procedures, specifically the optimal flow rate, are still
valid although the estimated accuracy differs somewhat from use with previous aerosol fraction definitions. Details on this
instrument and also the Higgins-Dewell cyclone have recently these instruments have been published (5-711).
1.3 Limitations:
1.3.1 The definitions given here were adopted by the agencies listed in 1.1 in part on the basis of expected health effects of the
different size fractions, but in part allowing for available sampling equipment. The original adoption by CEN was, in fact, for the
eventual setting of common standards by the EC countries while permitting the use of a variety of instrumentation. Deviations of
the sampling conventions from health-related effects are as follows:
1.3.1.1 The inhalable fraction actually depends on the specific air speed and direction, on the breathing rate, and on whether
breathing is by nose or mouth. The values given in the inhalable convention are for representative values of breathing rate and
represent averages over all wind directions.
1.3.1.2 The respirable and thoracic fractions vary from individual to individual and with the breathing pattern. The conventions
are approximations to the average case.
1.3.1.3 Each convention applies strictly to a fraction penetrating to a region, rather than depositing. Therefore, samples collected
according to the conventions may only approximate correlations with biological effects. For example, the respirable convention
overestimates the fraction of very small particles deposited in the alveolar region of the respiratory system because some of the
particles are actually exhaled without being deposited (812). In many workplaces, these very small particles contribute
insignificantly to the sampled mass. Furthermore, the large variability between individuals and the details of clearance may be as
important as this type of effect.
1.3.1.4 The thoracic convention applies to mouth breathing, for which aerosol collection is greater than during nose breathing.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of S
...
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