ASTM D7352-18
(Practice)Standard Practice for Volatile Contaminant Logging Using a Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) in Unconsolidated Formations with Direct Push Methods
Standard Practice for Volatile Contaminant Logging Using a Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) in Unconsolidated Formations with Direct Push Methods
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The MIP system provides a timely and cost effective way for delineation of many VOC plumes (for example, gasoline, benzene, toluene, solvents, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene) with depth (1, 2, 4, 8, 9). MIP detector logs provide insight into the relative contaminant concentration based upon the response magnitude of detector and a determination of compound class based upon which detectors of the series respond of the bulk VOC distribution in the subsurface but do not provide analyte specificity (1, 2, 7). DP logging tools such as the MIP are often used to perform expedited site characterizations (10, 11, D5730) and develop detailed conceptual site models (E1689). The project manager should determine if the required data quality objectives (D5792) can be achieved with a MIP investigation. MIP logging is typically one part of an overall investigation program.
5.2 MIP logs provide a detailed record of VOC distribution in the saturated and unsaturated formations and assist in evaluating the approximate limits of potential contaminants. A proportion of the halogenated and non-halogenated VOCs in the sorbed, aqueous, or gaseous phases partition through the membrane for detection up hole (1).
5.3 Many factors influence the movement of volatile compounds from the formation across the membrane and into the carrier gas stream. One study has evaluated the effects of temperature and pressure at the face of the membrane on analyte permeability (12). Formation factors such as degree of saturation, clay content, proportion of organic carbon, porosity and permeability will also influence the efficiency of analyte movement from the formation across the membrane. Of course, the volatility, concentration, molecular size and mass, and water solubility of each specific VOC will influence movement across the membrane and rate of transport through the carrier gas line to the detectors.
5.4 High analyte concentrations or the presence of Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) ...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice describes a field procedure for the rapid delineation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the subsurface using a membrane interface probe. Logging with the membrane interface probe is usually performed with direct push (DP) equipment. DP methods are typically used in soils and unconsolidated formations, not competent rock.
1.2 This standard practice describes how to obtain a real time vertical log of VOCs with depth. The data obtained is indicative of the total VOC level in the subsurface at depth. The MIP detector responses provide insight into the relative contaminant concentration based upon the magnitude of detector responses and a determination of compound class based upon which detectors of the series respond.
1.3 The use of a lithologic logging tool is highly recommended to define hydrostratigraphic conditions, such as migration pathways, and to guide confirmation sampling and remediation efforts. Other sensors, such as electrical conductivity, hydraulic profiling tool, fluorescence detectors, and cone penetration tools may be included to provide additional information.
1.4 Since MIP results are not quantitative, soil and water sampling (Guides D6001, D6282, D6724, and Practice D6725) methods are needed to identify specific analytes and exact concentrations. MIP detection limits are subject to the selectivity of the gas phase detector applied and characteristics of the formation being penetrated (for example: permeability, saturation, clay and organic carbon content).
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units [given in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7352 − 18
Standard Practice for
Volatile Contaminant Logging Using a Membrane Interface
Probe (MIP) in Unconsolidated Formations with Direct Push
1
Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7352; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in
units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance
1.1 Thisstandardpracticedescribesafieldprocedureforthe
with this standard.
rapid delineation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in the
subsurface using a membrane interface probe. Logging with
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
the membrane interface probe is usually performed with direct
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
push (DP) equipment. DP methods are typically used in soils
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
and unconsolidated formations, not competent rock.
1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data is collected/
1.2 This standard practice describes how to obtain a real
recorded and calculated in the standard are regarded as the
time vertical log of VOCs with depth. The data obtained is
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
indicative of the total VOC level in the subsurface at depth.
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
The MIP detector responses provide insight into the relative
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
contaminantconcentrationbaseduponthemagnitudeofdetec-
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
tor responses and a determination of compound class based
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
upon which detectors of the series respond.
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
1.3 The use of a lithologic logging tool is highly recom-
mendedtodefinehydrostratigraphicconditions,suchasmigra- of these test methods to consider significant digits used in
analytical methods for engineering data.
tion pathways, and to guide confirmation sampling and reme-
diation efforts. Other sensors, such as electrical conductivity,
1.7 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
hydraulic profiling tool, fluorescence detectors, and cone
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
penetration tools may be included to provide additional infor-
education or experience and should be used in conjunction
mation.
withprofessionaljudgment.Notallaspectsofthispracticemay
1.4 Since MIP results are not quantitative, soil and water
be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
sampling(GuidesD6001,D6282,D6724,andPracticeD6725)
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
methods are needed to identify specific analytes and exact
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
concentrations. MIP detection limits are subject to the selec-
nor should this document be applied without the consideration
tivity of the gas phase detector applied and characteristics of
ofaproject’smanyuniqueaspects.Theword“standard”inthe
the formation being penetrated (for example: permeability,
title means that the document has been approved through the
saturation, clay and organic carbon content).
ASTM consensus process.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
[given in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
1 dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Vadose Zone Investigations.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Current edition approved July 15, 2018.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7352 − 07 (Reapproved 2012) D7352 − 18
Standard Practice for
Direct Push Technology for Volatile Contaminant Logging
1,2
with theUsing a Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) in Un-
1
consolidated Formations with Direct Push Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7352; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This standard practice describes a method field procedure for the rapid delineation of volatile organic contaminantscom-
pounds (VOC) in the subsurface using a membrane interface probe. Logging with the membrane interface probe is usually
performed with direct push equipment.(DP) equipment. DP methods are typically used in soils and unconsolidated formations, not
competent rock.
1.2 This standard practice describes how to obtain a real time vertical log of volatile organic contaminants VOCs with depth.
The data obtained is indicative of the total volatile organic contaminant concentration VOC level in the subsurface at depth. The
MIP detector responses provide insight into the relative contaminant concentration based upon the magnitude of detector responses
and a determination of compound class based upon which detectors of the series respond.
1.3 Other sensors, such as electrical conductivity, fluorescence detectors, and cone penetration tools may be included to provide
additional information. The use of a lithologic logging tool is highly recommended to define hydrostratigraphic conditions, such
as migration pathways, and to guide confirmation sampling.sampling and remediation efforts. Other sensors, such as electrical
conductivity, hydraulic profiling tool, fluorescence detectors, and cone penetration tools may be included to provide additional
information.
1.4 Limitations—TheSince MIP system does not provide specificity of analytes. This tool is to be used as a total volatile organic
contaminant-screening tool. Soil and/or results are not quantitative, soil and water sampling (Guides D6001, D6282, D6724, and
Practice D6725) must be performedmethods are needed to identify specific analytes and exact concentrations. Only VOCs are
detected by the MIP system in the subsurface. Detection MIP detection limits are subject to the selectivity of the gas phase detector
applied and characteristics of the formation being penetrated (for example, example: permeability, saturation, clay and organic
carbon content).
1.5 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be
applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the
adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without the consideration of a
project’s many unique aspects. The word “standard” in the title means that the document has been approved through the ASTM
consensus process.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units [given in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other
than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2012July 15, 2018. Published November 2012August 2018. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20072012
as D7352D7352–07(2012).–07. DOI: 10.1520/D7352-07R12.10.1520/D7352-18.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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