ASTM D4465-05(2021)
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Zippers for Dungarees, Jeans, and Work Trousers
Standard Performance Specification for Zippers for Dungarees, Jeans, and Work Trousers
ABSTRACT
This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric. Zippers covered here may be satisfactorily used for lighter weight denim and other fabrics as well, however, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area. Zippers shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall adhere accordingly to the following requirements: element pull-off resistance; element slippage resistance; crosswise chain strength; bottom stop holding-stringer separation strength; top stop holding strength; slider lock holding strength (positive and ratchet lock); slider deflection and recovery after pull (deflection and permanent set); resistance to pull-off of slider pull; slider operability on chain; longitudinal dimensional change after laundering (normal and low shrinkage level); and colorfastness to laundering (color change and staining). It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable trousers having zippers that do not conform to all of these requirements. Therefore, one or more of the requirements may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This specification serves as a guide for the purchase of zippers to be used for dungarees, jeans, or work trousers.
5.2 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, zippers intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
5.3 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable dungarees, jeans, or work trousers, having zippers that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
5.3.1 In such cases, and references to this specification shall specify that: This zipper meets Performance Specification D4465 except for the following characteristic(s).
5.4 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.3, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of zipper.
5.5 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric, approximately 475 g/m2 (14 oz/yd2).
1.2 Zippers covered by this specification may be satisfactory for lighter weight denim and other fabrics.
1.2.1 When lighter weight material is being used, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Jun-2021
- Technical Committee
- D13 - Textiles
- Drafting Committee
- D13.54 - Subassemblies
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2014
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2009
Overview
ASTM D4465-05(2021): Standard Performance Specification for Zippers for Dungarees, Jeans, and Work Trousers provides a rigorous framework for assessing the quality and performance of zippers intended for use in heavy-duty garments such as dungarees, jeans, and work trousers. Developed by ASTM International, this standard outlines requirements to ensure the functionality, durability, and consumer satisfaction for zippered fly closures in garments made from heavy denim or comparable durable fabrics. The specification is also relevant for lighter weight fabrics, provided appropriate consideration is given to zipper size and slider type, as these affect garment appearance and performance.
Key Topics
Performance Requirements:
The standard delineates minimum criteria for various mechanical properties, such as:- Element pull-off and slippage resistance
- Crosswise chain strength
- Bottom and top stop holding strength
- Slider lock holding strength (both positive and ratchet locks)
- Slider deflection and recovery after pull
- Resistance to pull-off of slider pull
- Operability of the slider on the chain
- Longitudinal dimensional change after laundering (both normal and low shrinkage levels)
- Colorfastness to laundering (color change and staining)
Testing and Sampling:
Zippers must be sampled and tested using prescribed ASTM methods to ensure compliance with all performance characteristics. When not specified, standard sampling practices such as ASTM D2905 are recommended.Customization by Agreement:
The specification allows for modifications by agreement between purchaser and supplier, especially for fashion or aesthetic reasons. Any deviations must be clearly specified in related documentation.SI Units:
All requirements are stated in SI units; any US customary units are for reference only and are not considered standard.
Applications
ASTM D4465-05(2021) is highly relevant for apparel manufacturers, textile engineers, and procurement specialists involved in the design, selection, and quality assurance of zippers for heavy-duty garments. Typical applications include:
Manufacture of durable workwear:
Ensures that zippers used in heavy-duty jeans, dungarees, and work trousers meet stringent durability standards, crucial for garments subjected to frequent and demanding use.Procurement specifications:
Assists buyers in specifying quality requirements for zippers to be installed in denim or other robust fabric trousers, helping reduce product failures and warranty claims.Consumer products testing:
Provides a basis for third-party testing labs or quality control personnel to verify zipper performance, safeguarding against subpar components entering the market.Custom apparel:
Allows for performance requirements to be tailored according to the aesthetic or functional needs of specific garments, with mutual agreement between suppliers and purchasers.
Related Standards
For comprehensive zipper and textile product evaluation, the following ASTM standards are directly referenced or are complementary:
- ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles
- ASTM D2050: Terminology Relating to Subassemblies Used in The Manufacture of Textiles
- ASTM D2057: Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Laundering
- ASTM D2060: Test Methods for Measuring Zipper Dimensions
- ASTM D2061: Test Methods for Strength Tests for Zippers
- ASTM D2062: Test Methods for Operability of Zippers
- ASTM D2905: Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for Sampling
Adherence to ASTM D4465-05(2021) helps ensure high-performance, reliable zipper closures that meet consumer expectations and support product durability in demanding applications. This standard is a critical resource in the textile and apparel manufacturing industry for maintaining quality and consistency in heavy-duty garment production.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4465-05(2021) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Performance Specification for Zippers for Dungarees, Jeans, and Work Trousers". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric. Zippers covered here may be satisfactorily used for lighter weight denim and other fabrics as well, however, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area. Zippers shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall adhere accordingly to the following requirements: element pull-off resistance; element slippage resistance; crosswise chain strength; bottom stop holding-stringer separation strength; top stop holding strength; slider lock holding strength (positive and ratchet lock); slider deflection and recovery after pull (deflection and permanent set); resistance to pull-off of slider pull; slider operability on chain; longitudinal dimensional change after laundering (normal and low shrinkage level); and colorfastness to laundering (color change and staining). It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable trousers having zippers that do not conform to all of these requirements. Therefore, one or more of the requirements may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This specification serves as a guide for the purchase of zippers to be used for dungarees, jeans, or work trousers. 5.2 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, zippers intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification. 5.3 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable dungarees, jeans, or work trousers, having zippers that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. 5.3.1 In such cases, and references to this specification shall specify that: This zipper meets Performance Specification D4465 except for the following characteristic(s). 5.4 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.3, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of zipper. 5.5 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods. SCOPE 1.1 This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric, approximately 475 g/m2 (14 oz/yd2). 1.2 Zippers covered by this specification may be satisfactory for lighter weight denim and other fabrics. 1.2.1 When lighter weight material is being used, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric. Zippers covered here may be satisfactorily used for lighter weight denim and other fabrics as well, however, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area. Zippers shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall adhere accordingly to the following requirements: element pull-off resistance; element slippage resistance; crosswise chain strength; bottom stop holding-stringer separation strength; top stop holding strength; slider lock holding strength (positive and ratchet lock); slider deflection and recovery after pull (deflection and permanent set); resistance to pull-off of slider pull; slider operability on chain; longitudinal dimensional change after laundering (normal and low shrinkage level); and colorfastness to laundering (color change and staining). It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable trousers having zippers that do not conform to all of these requirements. Therefore, one or more of the requirements may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This specification serves as a guide for the purchase of zippers to be used for dungarees, jeans, or work trousers. 5.2 Upon agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, zippers intended for this end-use should meet all of the requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification. 5.3 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics the ultimate consumer may find acceptable dungarees, jeans, or work trousers, having zippers that do not conform to all of the requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the requirements listed in Table 1 may be modified by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. 5.3.1 In such cases, and references to this specification shall specify that: This zipper meets Performance Specification D4465 except for the following characteristic(s). 5.4 Where no prepurchase agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the supplier, and in case of controversy, the requirements listed in Table 1 are intended to be used as a guide only. As noted in 5.3, ultimate consumer demands dictate varying performance parameters for any particular style of zipper. 5.5 The uses and significance of particular properties and test methods are discussed in the appropriate sections of the specified test methods. SCOPE 1.1 This performance specification covers zippers to be used as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made from heavy denim or other durable fabric, approximately 475 g/m2 (14 oz/yd2). 1.2 Zippers covered by this specification may be satisfactory for lighter weight denim and other fabrics. 1.2.1 When lighter weight material is being used, consideration should be given to the zipper size and slider type because of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4465-05(2021) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 61.020 - Clothes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4465-05(2021) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D123-17, ASTM D123-15b, ASTM D123-15a, ASTM D123-15, ASTM D2060-14, ASTM D123-13ae1, ASTM D123-13a, ASTM D123-13, ASTM D123-12, ASTM D123-12e1, ASTM D2050-11e1, ASTM D2050-11, ASTM D2057-05(2010), ASTM D2060-00(2010), ASTM D2050-09. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4465-05(2021) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4465 −05 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Performance Specification for
Zippers for Dungarees, Jeans, and Work Trousers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
1.1 Thisperformancespecificationcoverszipperstobeused
3. Terminology
as fly closures in dungarees, jeans, and work trousers made
3.1 Definitions:
from heavy denim or other durable fabric, approximately
2 2
3.1.1 denim, n—a durable woven twill fabric, usually of all
475 g⁄m (14 oz/yd ).
cotton or a blend of cotton and man-made fibers, made from a
1.2 Zippers covered by this specification may be satisfac-
variety of yarn numbers, and in various fabric weights, colors,
tory for lighter weight denim and other fabrics.
designs, and finishes.
1.2.1 When lighter weight material is being used, consider-
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Traditionally, denim is made with in-
ation should be given to the zipper size and slider type because
digo blue dyed cotton warp and undyed or tinted filling. Denim
of their effect on the appearance of the zipper installation area.
fabrics are used for many types of garments including work
clothes, sportswear, dresswear, and home furnishings.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
3.2.1 jeans, n—astyleoftrousersmadeofatwillfabricused
as sportswear and work clothing.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3.2.2 dungaree, n—trousers made from denim and designed
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the for general heavy work wear.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.3 trouser, n—a garment that closes at the waist and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
covers the lower body to the crotch and each leg from the waist
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
to the ankle.
3.3 For other textile terminology used in this specification,
2. Referenced Documents
refer to Terminology D123. For definitions of zipper terms
2.1 ASTM Standards:
used in this specification, refer to Terminology D2050.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
4. Specification Requirements
D2050 Terminology Relating to Subassemblies Used in the
Manufacture of Textiles
4.1 The properties of zippers for dungarees, jeans, and work
D2057 Test Method for Colorfastness of Zippers to Laun-
trousers shall conform to the specification requirements in
dering
Table 1.
D2060 Test Methods for Measuring Zipper Dimensions
5. Significance and Use
D2061 Test Methods for Strength Tests for Zippers
D2062 Test Methods for Operability of Zippers
5.1 This specification serves as a guide for the purchase of
D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for
zippers to be used for dungarees, jeans, or work trousers.
5.2 Uponagreementbetweenthepurchaserandthesupplier,
zippers intended for this end-use should meet all of the
This performance specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
requirements listed in Table 1 of this specification.
D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on
Subassemblies. This performance specification was developed in cooperation with
5.3 It is recognized that for purposes of fashion or aesthetics
the Slide Fastener Association, Inc.
the ultimate consumer may find acceptable dungarees, jeans, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally approved
work trousers, having zippers that do not conform to all of the
in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D4465 – 05(2015). DOI:
requirements in Table 1. Therefore, one or more of the
10.1520/D4465-05R21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4465−05 (2021)
TABLE 1 Specification Requirements for Zippers for Dungaree, Jeans, and Work Trousers
Characteristics Requirement Section
Element pull-off 62 N (14 lbf), min 7.1
Element slippage 44 N (10 lbf), min 7.2
Crosswise strength 578 N (130 lbf), min 7.3
Bottom stop holding—stringer separation 111 N (25 lbf), min 7.4
Top stop holding 111 N (25 lbf), min 7.5
Slider lock holding
Positive lock 111 N (25 lbf), min 7.6
Ratchet lock 31N
...
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