ASTM D6550-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Gasoline-range olefinic hydrocarbons have been demonstrated to contribute to photochemical reactions in the atmosphere, which result in the formation of photochemical smog in susceptible urban areas.
5.2 The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has specified a maximum allowable limit of total olefins in motor gasoline. This necessitates an appropriate analytical test method for determination of total olefins to be used both by regulators and producers.
5.3 This test method compares favorably with Test Method D1319 (FIA) for the determination of total olefins in motor gasolines. It does not require any sample preparation, has a comparatively short analysis time of about 10 min, and is readily automated. Alternative methods for determination of olefins in gasoline include Test Methods D6839 and D6296.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total amount of olefins in blended motor gasolines and gasoline blending stocks by supercritical-fluid chromatography (SFC). Results are expressed in terms of mass % olefins. The application range is from 1 mass % to 25 mass % total olefins.
1.2 This test method can be used for analysis of commercial gasolines, including those containing varying levels of oxygenates, such as methyl tert/butyl ether (MTBE), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), methyl tert/amyl ether (TAME), and ethanol, without interference.
Note 1: This test method has not been designed for the determination of the total amounts of saturates, aromatics, and oxygenates.
1.3 This test method includes a relative bias section based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6550 and Test Method D1319 for total olefins in spark-ignition engine fuels as a possible Test Method D6550 alternative to Test Method D1319 for U.S. EPA regulations reporting. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the concentration range from 0.2 % to 26.2 % by mass as reported by Test Method D6550. The applicable Test Method D1319 concentration range for total olefins is 0.2 % to 27.7 % by volume as reported by Test Method D1319.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6550 −15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by
1
Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6550; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
amount of olefins in blended motor gasolines and gasoline
leum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
blending stocks by supercritical-fluid chromatography (SFC).
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Results are expressed in terms of mass % olefins. The
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
application range is from 1 mass % to 25 mass % total olefins.
D5186 Test Method for Determination of the Aromatic
1.2 This test method can be used for analysis of commercial
Content and Polynuclear Aromatic Content of Diesel
gasolines, including those containing varying levels of
Fuels and Aviation Turbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid
oxygenates, such as methyl tert/butyl ether (MTBE), diisopro-
Chromatography
pyl ether (DIPE), methyl tert/amyl ether (TAME), and ethanol, D6296 Test Method for Total Olefins in Spark-ignition
without interference. Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
NOTE 1—This test method has not been designed for the determination
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
of the total amounts of saturates, aromatics, and oxygenates.
Measurement System Performance
1.3 This test method includes a relative bias section based D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6550 and Test Method D1319 for total olefins in spark-
ignition engine fuels as a possible Test Method D6550 alter- D6839 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated
Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels
native to Test Method D1319 for U.S. EPAregulations report-
by Gas Chromatography
ing. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only
applicable for fuels in the concentration range from 0.2 % to
3. Terminology
26.2 % by mass as reported by Test Method D6550. The
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
applicable Test Method D1319 concentration range for total
3.1.1 critical pressure, n—the pressure needed to condense
olefins is 0.2 % to 27.7 % by volume as reported by Test
a gas to a liquid at the critical temperature.
Method D1319.
3.1.2 critical temperature, n—the highest temperature at
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
which a gaseous fluid can be condensed to a liquid by means
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
of compression.
standard.
3.1.3 supercritical fluid, n—a fluid maintained above its
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the critical temperature and critical pressure.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 supercritical-fluid chromatography (SFC), n—a type
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of chromatography that employs a supercritical fluid as the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mobile phase.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A small aliquot of the fuel sample is injected onto a set
of two chromatographic columns connected in series and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0C on Liquid Chromatography. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6550 – 10 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D6550-15. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6550−15
transported using supercritical carbon dioxide (CO)asthe time precision (better than 0.3 %) and detection background
2
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6550 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) D6550 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by
1
Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6550; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total amount of olefins in blended motor gasolines and gasoline blending
stocks by supercritical-fluid chromatography (SFC). Results are expressed in terms of mass % olefins. The application range is
from 1 mass % to 25 mass % total olefins.
1.2 This test method can be used for analysis of commercial gasolines, including those containing varying levels of oxygenates,
such as methyl tert/butyl ether (MTBE), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), methyl tert/amyl ether (TAME), and ethanol, without
interference.
NOTE 1—This test method has not been designed for the determination of the total amounts of saturates, aromatics, and oxygenates.
1.3 This test method includes a relative bias section based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6550
and Test Method D1319 for total olefins in spark-ignition engine fuels as a possible Test Method D6550 alternative to Test Method
D1319 for U.S. EPA regulations reporting. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the
concentration range from 0.2 % to 26.2 % by mass as reported by Test Method D6550. The applicable Test Method D1319
concentration range for total olefins is 0.2 % to 27.7 % by volume as reported by Test Method D1319.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D5186 Test Method for Determination of the Aromatic Content and Polynuclear Aromatic Content of Diesel Fuels and Aviation
Turbine Fuels By Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
D6296 Test Method for Total Olefins in Spark-ignition Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6839 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas
Chromatography
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 critical pressure, n—the pressure needed to condense a gas to a liquid at the critical temperature.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0C on Liquid Chromatography.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2015December 2015. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
D6550 – 10.D6550 – 10 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/D6550-10R15.10.1520/D6550-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6550 − 15
3.1.2 critical temperature, n—the highest temperature at which a gaseous fluid can be condensed to a liquid by means of
compression.
3.1.3 supercritical fluid, n—a fluid maintained above its critical temperature and critical pressure.
3.1.4 supercritical-fluid
...
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