ASTM D6730-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100-Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-Resolution Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100-Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-Resolution Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Knowledge of the individual component composition (speciation) of gasoline fuels and blending stocks is useful for refinery quality control and product specification. Process control and product specification compliance for many individual hydrocarbons can be determined through the use of this test method.
5.2 This test method is adopted from earlier development and enhancement.4,5,6,7 The chromatographic operating conditions and column tuning process, included in this test method, were developed to provide and enhance the separation and subsequent determination of many individual components not obtained with previous single-column analyses. The column temperature program profile is selected to afford the maximum resolution of possible co-eluting components, especially where these are of two different compound types (for example, a paraffin and a naphthene).
5.3 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons present in petroleum distillates are determined, some co-elution of compounds is encountered. If this test method is utilized to determine bulk hydrocarbon group-type composition (PONA), the user of such data should be cautioned that some error will be encountered due to co-elution and a lack of identification of all components present. Samples containing significant amounts of olefinic or naphthenic, or both, constituents above octane may reflect significant errors in PONA-type groupings.
5.4 If water is or is suspected of being present, its concentration is determined by the use of Test Method D1744. Other compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and so forth may also be present, and may co-elute with the hydrocarbons. When known co-elution exists, these are noted in the test method data tables. If determination of these specific compounds is required, it is recommended that test methods for these specific materials be used, such as Test Method D4815 and D5599 for oxygenates, Test Method D5580 for aromatics, and Test Method D5623 for sul...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual hydrocarbon components of spark-ignition engine fuels and their mixtures containing oxygenate blends (MTBE, ETBE, ethanol, and so forth) with boiling ranges up to 225 °C. Other light liquid hydrocarbon mixtures typically encountered in petroleum refining operations, such as blending stocks (naphthas, reformates, alkylates, and so forth) may also be analyzed; however, statistical data was obtained only with blended spark-ignition engine fuels.
1.2 Based on the cooperative study results, individual component concentrations and precision are determined in the range from 0.01 % to approximately 30 % by mass. The test method may be applicable to higher and lower concentrations for the individual components; however, the user must verify the accuracy if the test method is used for components with concentrations outside the specified ranges.
1.3 This test method also determines methanol, ethanol, t-butanol, methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), and t-amyl methyl ether (TAME) in spark ignition engine fuels in the concentration range from 1 % to 30 % by mass. However, the cooperative study data provided insufficient statistical data for obtaining a precision statement for these compounds.
1.4 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons present are determined, some co-elution of compounds is encountered. If this test method is utilized to estimate bulk hydrocarbon group-type composition (PONA), the user of such data should be cautioned that some error will be encountered due to co-elution and a lack of identification of all components present. Samples containing significant amounts of naphthenic (for example, virgin naphthas) constituents above n-octane may reflect significant errors in PONA-type groupings. Based on the gasoline samples in the interlaboratory cooperative study, this test method is applicable to samples containing less th...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6730 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition
Engine Fuels by 100-Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-
1
Resolution Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6730; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* on the gasoline samples in the interlaboratory cooperative
study, this test method is applicable to samples containing less
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual
than 25% by mass of olefins. However, some interfering
hydrocarbon components of spark-ignition engine fuels and
co-elution with the olefins above C is possible, particularly if
their mixtures containing oxygenate blends (MTBE, ETBE, 7
blending components or their higher boiling cuts such as those
ethanol, and so forth) with boiling ranges up to 225°C. Other
derived from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) are analyzed, and
light liquid hydrocarbon mixtures typically encountered in
the total olefin content may not be accurate. AnnexA1 of this
petroleum refining operations, such as blending stocks
(naphthas, reformates, alkylates, and so forth) may also be test method compares results of the test method with other test
analyzed; however, statistical data was obtained only with
methods for selected components, including olefins, and sev-
blended spark-ignition engine fuels.
eral group types for several interlaboratory cooperative study
samples. Although benzene, toulene, and several oxygenates
1.2 Based on the cooperative study results, individual com-
are determined, when doubtful as to the analytical results of
ponent concentrations and precision are determined in the
these components, confirmatory analyses can be obtained by
range from 0.01% to approximately 30% by mass. The test
method may be applicable to higher and lower concentrations using the specific test methods listed in the reference section.
for the individual components; however, the user must verify
1.4.1 Total olefins in the samples may be obtained or
the accuracy if the test method is used for components with
confirmed, or both, if necessary, by Test Method D1319
concentrations outside the specified ranges.
(percentbyvolume)orothertestmethods,suchasthosebased
1.3 This test method also determines methanol, ethanol, on multidimentional PONA-type of instruments.
t-butanol, methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether
1.5 If water is or is suspected of being present, its concen-
(ETBE), and t-amyl methyl ether (TAME) in spark ignition
tration may be determined, if desired, by the use of Test
engine fuels in the concentration range from 1% to 30% by
Method D1744 or equivalent. Other compounds containing
mass. However, the cooperative study data provided insuffi-
oxygen,sulfur,nitrogen,andsoforth,mayalsobepresent,and
cient statistical data for obtaining a precision statement for
may co-elute with the hydrocarbons. If determination of these
these compounds.
specific compounds is required, it is recommended that test
1.4 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons
methods for these specific materials be used, such as Test
present are determined, some co-elution of compounds is
Methods D4815 and D5599 for oxygenates, and Test Method
encountered. If this test method is utilized to estimate bulk
D5623 for sulfur compounds, or equivalent.
hydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA),theuserofsuch
data should be cautioned that some error will be encountered
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
duetoco-elutionandalackofidentificationofallcomponents
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
present. Samples containing significant amounts of naphthenic
standard.
(for example, virgin naphthas) constituents above n-octane
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
may reflect significant errors in PONA-type groupings. Based
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6730 − 21 D6730 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition
Engine Fuels by 100-Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-
1
Resolution Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6730; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of individual hydrocarbon components of spark-ignition engine fuels and their
mixtures containing oxygenate blends (MTBE, ETBE, ethanol, and so forth) with boiling ranges up to 225 °C. Other light liquid
hydrocarbon mixtures typically encountered in petroleum refining operations, such as blending stocks (naphthas, reformates,
alkylates, and so forth) may also be analyzed; however, statistical data was obtained only with blended spark-ignition engine fuels.
1.2 Based on the cooperative study results, individual component concentrations and precision are determined in the range from
0.01 % to approximately 30 % by mass. The test method may be applicable to higher and lower concentrations for the individual
components; however, the user must verify the accuracy if the test method is used for components with concentrations outside the
specified ranges.
1.3 This test method also determines methanol, ethanol, t-butanol, methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), and
t-amyl methyl ether (TAME) in spark ignition engine fuels in the concentration range from 1 % to 30 % by mass. However, the
cooperative study data provided insufficient statistical data for obtaining a precision statement for these compounds.
1.4 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons present are determined, some co-elution of compounds is encountered. If
this test method is utilized to estimate bulk hydrocarbon group-type composition (PONA), the user of such data should be
cautioned that some error will be encountered due to co-elution and a lack of identification of all components present. Samples
containing significant amounts of naphthenic (for example, virgin naphthas) constituents above n-octane may reflect significant
errors in PONA-type groupings. Based on the gasoline samples in the interlaboratory cooperative study, this test method is
applicable to samples containing less than 25 % by mass of olefins. However, some interfering co-elution with the olefins above
C is possible, particularly if blending components or their higher boiling cuts such as those derived from fluid catalytic cracking
7
(FCC) are analyzed, and the total olefin content may not be accurate. Annex A1 of this test method compares results of the test
method with other test methods for selected components, including olefins, and several group types for several interlaboratory
cooperative study samples. Although benzene, toulene, and several oxygenates are determined, when doubtful as to the analytical
results of these components, confirmatory analyses can be obtained by using the specific test methods listed in the reference
section.
1.4.1 Total olefins in the samples may be obtained or confirmed, or both, if necessary, by Test Method D1319 (percent by volume)
or other test methods, such as those based on multidimentional PONA-type of instruments.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021Nov. 1, 2022. Published May 2021November 2022. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20192021 as
D6730 – 19.D6730 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D6730-21.10.1520/D6730-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6730 − 22
1.5 If water is or is suspected of being present, its concentration may be determined, if desired, by the use of Test Method D1744
or equivalent. Other compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and so forth, may also be present, and may co-elute with the
hydrocarbons. If determination of these specific compounds is required, it is recommended that test methods for these specific
materials be used, su
...
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