ASTM B985-12
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling Aluminum Ingots, Billets, Castings and Finished or Semi-Finished Wrought Aluminum Products for Compositional Analysis
Standard Practice for Sampling Aluminum Ingots, Billets, Castings and Finished or Semi-Finished Wrought Aluminum Products for Compositional Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Products covered by this practice are unwrought aluminum ingots, billets, and castings and unclad wrought aluminum sheet, plate, rolled or cold finished extrusions, extruded profiles, wire, rod and bar. Machined wrought products (finished or semi-finished) are excluded (see Note 3). These practices, used in conjunction with the appropriate sample preparation techniques in E716 and the Test Methods E34, E607, E1251, and EN 14242, are suitable to determine if the piece sampled meets the chemical composition limits registered with the Aluminum Association Inc.5 or other specified chemical composition limits for the alloy. Analysis of such samples shall not supersede the analysis of samples taken during pouring of castings or ingots in accordance with E716 and analyzed in accordance with E607, E1251, E34, or EN 14242 and shall not be used for determining compliance with chemical composition requirements for an entire cast lot or part thereof.Note 3—Sampling machined pieces of products pose a particular problem because the piece itself may not be a representative sample of the original cast chemical composition. Larger differences may be expected between an analysis obtained from samples taken in accordance with this practice and the original cast analysis of samples taken during pouring of castings or ingot.Note 4—Portable Spark-AES and hand held XRF instruments should not be used to determine if the piece sampled meets chemical composition limits registered with Aluminum Association Inc or other specified chemical composition limits for the alloy.
5.2 Users should be aware that chemical compositions determined using samples taken from unwrought aluminum ingots, billets, and castings and finished or semi-finished products might differ from the bulk chemical composition determined using samples taken when ingots or castings are poured. This difference can be due to elemental segregation upon solidification, sampling a non-homogenous section of the ingot or billet,...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for sampling unwrought aluminum ingots, billets, castings and finished or semi-finished wrought aluminum products to obtain a representative sample for determining chemical composition.
1.1.1 Chemical compositions determined from samples obtained in accordance with this standard practice may differ from the bulk chemical composition determined from samples taken when ingots or castings are poured. These differences can be due to elemental segregation that occurs during solidification, procedures that remove enriched material (e.g. ingot scalping), or procedures that remove depleted areas (e.g. removal of the riser from a casting).
1.1.2 Analysis of samples obtained from unwrought aluminum ingots, billets, and castings and finished or semi-finished wrought aluminum products can be used to determine if the piece sampled meets The Aluminum Association, Inc. registered chemical composition limits or other specified chemical composition limits for the alloy. Analysis of such samples shall not supersede the analysis of samples taken during pouring of castings or ingots in accordance with E716 and analyzed in accordance with E607, E1251, E34, or EN 14242 and shall not be used for determining compliance with chemical composition requirements for an entire cast lot or part thereof.Note 1—Pieces may include ingots, forgings, coils, sheets, extrusions, castings, etc. A single unwrought ingot or billet may produce multiple finished or semi-finished pieces.Note 2—Certification of entire cast lots should be determined using samples taken during pouring of castings or ingots in accordance with E716 and analyzed in accordance with E607, E1251, E34, or EN 14242.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the o...
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Designation: B985 − 12
StandardPractice for
Sampling Aluminum Ingots, Billets, Castings and Finished
or Semi-Finished Wrought Aluminum Products for
1
Compositional Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B985; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This practice describes procedures for sampling un-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
wrought aluminum ingots, billets, castings and finished or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
semi-finished wrought aluminum products to obtain a repre-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sentative sample for determining chemical composition.
1.1.1 Chemical compositions determined from samples ob-
2. Referenced Documents
tained in accordance with this standard practice may differ
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the bulk chemical composition determined from samples
B881 Terminology Relating toAluminum- and Magnesium-
takenwheningotsorcastingsarepoured.Thesedifferencescan
Alloy Products
be due to elemental segregation that occurs during
E34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and
solidification, procedures that remove enriched material (e.g.
Aluminum-Base Alloys
ingot scalping), or procedures that remove depleted areas (e.g.
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
removal of the riser from a casting).
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
1.1.2 Analysis of samples obtained from unwrought alumi-
E607 Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric
num ingots, billets, and castings and finished or semi-finished
Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-
wrought aluminum products can be used to determine if the
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nique Nitrogen Atmosphere (Withdrawn 2011)
piece sampled meets The Aluminum Association, Inc. regis-
E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of
tered chemical composition limits or other specified chemical
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of
composition limits for the alloy.Analysis of such samples shall
Chemical Composition by Spectrochemical Analysis
not supersede the analysis of samples taken during pouring of
E1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-
castings or ingots in accordance with E716 and analyzed in
num Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
accordance with E607, E1251, E34, or EN 14242 and shall not
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2.2 Other Standards:
be used for determining compliance with chemical composi-
EN14242 Aluminumandaluminumalloys–Chemicalanaly-
tion requirements for an entire cast lot or part thereof.
sis–Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectral
NOTE 1—Pieces may include ingots, forgings, coils, sheets, extrusions,
analysis
castings, etc. A single unwrought ingot or billet may produce multiple
finished or semi-finished pieces.
3. Terminology
NOTE 2—Certification of entire cast lots should be determined using
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this Standard, refer to
samples taken during pouring of castings or ingots in accordance with
E716 and analyzed in accordance with E607, E1251, E34, or EN 14242. Terminologies E135 and B881.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
4. Summary of Practice
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
4.1 The procedures described in this practice involve the
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
cuttinganddrillingofaluminumproductstoobtainsamplesfor
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
conformance with the standard.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light the ASTM website.
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Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Testing. www.astm.org.
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Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat
B0985-12. (CEN), rue de Stassart 36, B1050 Brussels, Belgium. http://www.cen.eu/esearch.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B985
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