ASTM D975-12
(Specification)Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
ABSTRACT
This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are: Grade No. 1-D S15; Grade No. 1-D S500; Grade No. 1-D S5000; Grade No. 2-D S15; Grade No. 2-D S500; Grade No. 2-D S5000; and Grade No. 4-D. The requirements specified for diesel fuel oils shall be determined in accordance with the following test methods: flash point; cloud point; water and sediment; carbon residue; ash; distillation; viscosity; sulfur; copper corrosion; cetane number; cetane index; aromaticity; lubricity; and conductivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.2
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.2
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.2
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.2
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum), especially in conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—A heavy distillate fuel, or a blend of distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed diesel engines in applications involving predominantly constant speed and load.Note 1—A more detailed description of the grades of diesel fuel oils is given in X1.2.Note 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously because the number of sulfur grades is growing and the word descriptions were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called “regular” sulfur grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in the previous grade system and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.
1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive. Note 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
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Designation:D975 −12
StandardSpecification for
1
Diesel Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—Aheavy distillate fuel, or a blend of
distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverssevengradesofdieselfueloils
diesel engines in applications involving predominantly con-
suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are
stant speed and load.
described as follows:
NOTE1—Amoredetaileddescriptionofthegradesofdieselfueloilsis
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle
given in X1.2.
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
NOTE 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades
by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously
fuel with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than
2
becausethenumberofsulfurgradesisgrowingandtheworddescriptions
that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.
were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—Aspecial-purpose,lightmiddle
“regular” sulfur grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades
correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
the previous grade system and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low
fuelwith500ppmsulfur(maximum)andhighervolatilitythan
Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
2
that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agree-
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light
ment between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the
middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications
required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of
requiring a fuel with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher
delivery.
volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
1.2.1 Nothinginthisspecificationshallprecludeobservance
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle dis-
of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more
tillatefuelforuseindieselengineapplicationsrequiringafuel
restrictive.
with15ppmsulfur(maximum).Itisespeciallysuitableforuse
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
2
in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more informa-
tion on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fuel with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and standard.
2
load.
2. Referenced Documents
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a
D56Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
fuelwith5000ppmsulfur(maximum),especiallyinconditions
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
of varying speed and load.
Atmospheric Pressure
D93Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Closed Cup Tester
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D129Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
D130Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D975–11b. DOI:
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
10.1520/D0975-12.
2
This fuel complies with 40 CFR Part 80—Control of Air Pollution from New
3
Motor Vehicles: Heavy–Duty Engines and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fuel Sulfur Control Requirements: Final Rule. Regulation of Fuels and Fuel contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Additives: Fuel Quality Regulations for Highway Diesel Fuel Sold in 1993 and Standards volumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageon
Later Calendar Years. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears a
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D975 − 11b D975 − 12
Standard Specification for
1
Diesel Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers seven grades of diesel fuel oils suitable for various types of diesel engines. These grades are
described as follows:
1.1.1 Grade No. 1-D S15—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel
2
with 15 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S15 fuel.
1.1.2 Grade No. 1-D S500—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel
2
with 500 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S500 fuel.
1.1.3 Grade No. 1-D S5000—A special-purpose, light middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel
with 5000 ppm sulfur (maximum) and higher volatility than that provided by Grade No. 2-D S5000 fuels.
1.1.4 Grade No. 2-D S15—A general purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with
2
15 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.5 Grade No. 2-D S500—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with
2
500 ppm sulfur (maximum). It is especially suitable for use in applications with conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.6 Grade No. 2-D S5000—A general-purpose, middle distillate fuel for use in diesel engine applications requiring a fuel with
5000 ppm sulfur (maximum), especially in conditions of varying speed and load.
1.1.7 Grade No. 4-D—A heavy distillate fuel, or a blend of distillate and residual oil, for use in low- and medium-speed diesel
engines in applications involving predominantly constant speed and load.
NOTE 1—A more detailed description of the grades of diesel fuel oils is given in X1.2.
NOTE 2—The Sxxx designation has been adopted to distinguish grades by sulfur rather than using words such as “Low Sulfur” as previously because
the number of sulfur grades is growing and the word descriptions were thought to be not precise. S5000 grades correspond to the so-called “regular” sulfur
grades, the previous No. 1-D and No. 2-D. S500 grades correspond to the previous “Low Sulfur” grades. S15 grades were not in the previous grade system
and are commonly referred to as “Ultra-Low Sulfur” grades or ULSD.
1.2 This specification, unless otherwise provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier, prescribes the required
properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.
1.2.1 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which can be more restrictive.
NOTE 3—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate diesel fuel oils. For more information on
the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0 on
Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011June 1, 2012. Published February 2012November 2012. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
D975–11a.–11b. DOI: 10.1520/D0975-11B.10.1520/D0975-12.
2
This fuel complies with 40 CFR Part 80—Control of Air Pollution from New Motor Vehicles: Heavy–Duty Engines and Vehicle Standards and Highway Diesel Fuel
Sulfur Control Requirements: Final Rule. Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: Fuel Quality Regulations for
...
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