ASTM D6270-17

Standard Practice for Use of Scrap Tires in Civil Engineering Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use of scrap tires including: tire derived aggregate (TDA) comprised of pieces of scrap tires, TDA/soil mixtures, tire sidewalls, and whole scrap tires in civil engineering applications. This includes use of TDA and TDA/soil mixtures as lightweight embankment fill, lightweight retaining wall backfill, drainage layers for roads, landfills, and other applications, thermal insulation to limit frost penetration beneath roads, insulating backfill to limit heat loss from buildings, vibration damping layers for rail lines, and replacement for soil or rock in other fill applications. Use of whole scrap tires and tire sidewalls includes construction of retaining walls, drainage culverts, road-base reinforcement, and erosion protection, as well as use as fill when whole tires have been compressed into bales. It is the responsibility of the design engineer to determine the appropriateness of using scrap tires in a particular application and to select applicable tests and specifications to facilitate construction and environmental protection. This practice is intended to encourage wider utilization of scrap tires in civil engineering applications.  
4.2 Three TDA fills with thicknesses in excess of 7 m have experienced a serious heating reaction. However, more than 100 fills with a thickness less than 3 m have been constructed with no evidence of a deleterious heating reaction (1).7 Guidelines have been developed to minimize internal heating of TDA fills (2) as discussed in 6.11. The guidelines are applicable to fills less than 3 m thick. Thus, this practice should be applied only to TDA fills less than 3 m thick.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidance for testing the physical properties, design considerations, construction practices, and leachate generation potential of processed or whole scrap tires in lieu of conventional civil engineering materials, such as stone, gravel, soil, sand, lightweight aggregate, or other fill materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2017
• ICS: 83.160.01 - Tyres in general
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6270 − 17
Standard Practice for
1
Use of Scrap Tires in Civil Engineering Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6270; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2974Test Methods for Moisture,Ash, and Organic Matter
of Peat and Other Organic Soils
1.1 This practice provides guidance for testing the physical
D3080Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under
properties, design considerations, construction practices, and
Consolidated Drained Conditions
leachate generation potential of processed or whole scrap tires
D4253Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit
in lieu of conventional civil engineering materials, such as
Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table
stone, gravel, soil, sand, lightweight aggregate, or other fill
D5681Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
materials.
D7760Test Method for Measurement of Hydraulic Conduc-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
tivity of Tire Derived Aggregates Using a Rigid Wall
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Permeameter
standard.
F538Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- formance of Tires
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2.2 American Association of State Highway and Transpor-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the tation Offıcials Standards:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
T274Standard Method of Test for Resilient Modulus of
4
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Subgrade Soils
5
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
M288Standard Specification for Geotextiles
2.3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Standard:
6
2. Referenced Documents
Method 1311Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3. Terminology
C127Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common terms used in
and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
this practice, refer to Terminologies D5681 (waste
C136Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
management), F538 (tires), and D1566 (rubber), respectively.
Aggregates
D698Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600
3.2.1 bead wire, n—a high-tensile steel wire surrounded by
3
kN-m/m ))
rubber, which forms the bead of a tire that provides a firm
D1557Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
contact to the rim.
3
istics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft
3.2.2 casing, n—the tire structure not including the tread
3
(2,700 kN-m/m ))
portion of the tire.
D1566Terminology Relating to Rubber
3.2.3 mineral soil, n—soil containing less than5%organic
D2434Test Method for Permeability of Granular Soils
3
matter as determined by a loss on ignition test . (D2974)
(Constant Head) (Withdrawn 2015)
3.2.4 preliminary remediation goal, n—risk-based concen-
trations that the USEPAconsiders to be protective for lifetime
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
exposure to humans.
ManagementandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD34.03onTreatment,
Recovery and Reuse.
4
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2017. Published January 2018. Originally Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6270–08 (2012). and Testing, Part II: Methods of Sampling and Testing, American Association of
DOI: 10.1520/D6270-17. State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC.
2 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM and Testing, Part I: Specifications, American Association of State Highway and
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Transportation Officials, Washington, DC.
rd
6
the ASTM website. Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, 3 ed.,
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Report No. EPA530/SW-846, U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency, Washington,
www.astm.org. DC.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6270 − 17
3.2.5 rough shred, n—apieceofashreddedtirethatislarger Gui
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6270 − 08 (Reapproved 2012) D6270 − 17
Standard Practice for
1
Use of Scrap Tires in Civil Engineering Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6270; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides guidance for testing the physical properties, design considerations, construction practices, and
leachate generation potential of processed or whole scrap tires in lieu of conventional civil engineering materials, such as stone,
gravel, soil, sand, lightweight aggregate, or other fill materials.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
3 3
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600 kN-m/m ))
3
D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700
3
kN-m/m ))
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
3
D2434 Test Method for Permeability of Granular Soils (Constant Head) (Withdrawn 2015)
D2974 Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
D3080 Test Method for Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions
D4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D2974D7760 Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic SoilsMethod for Measurement of
Hydraulic Conductivity of Tire Derived Aggregates Using a Rigid Wall Permeameter
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
2.2 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Offıcials Standard:Standards:
4
T 274 Standard Method of Test for Resilient Modulus of Subgrade Soils
5
M 288 Standard Specification for Geotextiles
2.3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Standard:
6
Method 1311 Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common terms used in this practice, refer to Terminologies D5681 (waste management),
F538 (tires), and D1566 (rubber), respectively.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment, Recovery
and Reuse.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012Dec. 15, 2017. Published December 2012January 2018. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20082012
as D6270 – 08.D6270 – 08 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D6270-08R12.10.1520/D6270-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing, Part II: Methods of Sampling and Testing, American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC.
5
Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing, Part I: Specifications, American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials, Washington, DC.
rd
6
Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste: Physical/Chemical Methods, 3 ed., Report No. EPA 530/SW-846, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6270 − 17
3.2 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 baling, n—a method of volume reduct
...