ASTM D3574-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials<span class='unicode'>—</span>Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The test procedures provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance and rejection under specifications, and special purposes.
The data obtained by these test methods are applicable to the material under conditions of the particular test and are not necessarily the same as obtained in other environments in use.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods apply to slab, bonded, and molded flexible cellular products known as urethane foams. Urethane foam may be generally defined as an expanded cellular product produced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds, water, and isocyanates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard, however certain test methods in this standard have similar or equivalent ISO standards and are listed in the scope of the individual test method sections.
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Designation:D3574–08
Standard Test Methods for
Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded
1
Urethane Foams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials
Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
1.1 These test methods apply to slab, bonded, and molded
E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
flexible cellular products known as urethane foams. Urethane
Generated by Solid Materials
foam may be generally defined as an expanded cellular product
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
produced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds,
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
water, and isocyanates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 bonded foam—a product produced by the adhesion of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
small pieces of urethane foam to each other with a suitable
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bonding agent.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 core—the internal portion of a molded part, free of
standard.
skin.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard, however
3.1.3 cored foam—a flexible cellular material containing a
certain test methods in this standard have similar or equivalent ISO
multiplicity of holes (usually, but not necessarily, cylindrical in
standardsandarelistedinthescopeoftheindividualtestmethodsections.
shape), molded or cut into the material in some pattern,
normally perpendicular to the foam rise direction, and extend-
2. Referenced Documents
ing part or all the way through the piece.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 convoluted foam—a flexible cellular material spe-
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
cially cut into sheets with “egg carton”-like dimples. The
plastic Elastomers—Tension
dimple peaks and bases can have varied shapes and dimen-
D624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vul-
sions.
canized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
3.1.5 flexible cellular product—a cellular organic polymeric
D726 Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to
materialthatwillnotrupturewhenaspecimen200by25by25
Passage of Air
mmisbentarounda25-mmdiametermandrelatauniformrate
D737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
ofonelapin5sata temperature between 18 and 29°C.
D3576 Test Method for Cell Size of Rigid Cellular Plastics
3.1.6 molded foam—a cellular product having the shape of
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible
the enclosed chamber in which it is produced by foaming.
Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
3.1.7 skin—the smooth surface layer of a molded foam
product, formed by contact with the mold or surfaces.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on 3.1.8 slab—a section of foam that is cut from the internal
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
portion of a large bun.
Materials - Plastics and Elastomers.
3.1.9 urethane foam—a flexible cellular product produced
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally
by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds, water, and
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3574 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/D3574-08.
isocyanates.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.10 viscoelastic foam—a specially formulated urethane
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
foam characterized by having slow recovery, low resilience,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. and high hysteresis loss.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D3574–08
3.1.11 cell count—a measurement used to characterize dif- 6.2 It is recommended for referee purposes that all tests
ferent types of foams based on the size of the individual cells shall be performed 7 days or more after the foam has been
in the foam matrix, typically expressed as either a
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3574–05 Designation:D3574–08
Standard Test Methods for
Flexible Cellular Materials—Slab, Bonded, and Molded
1
Urethane Foams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods apply to slab, bonded, and molded flexible cellular products known as urethane foams. Urethane foam
may be generally defined as an expanded cellular product produced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds, water, and
isocyanates.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
NOTE 1—There is no equivalentknown ISO equivalent to this standard, however certain test methods in this standard have similar or equivalent ISO
standards and are listed in the scope of the individual test method sections.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D 624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
D 726 Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to Passage of Air
D 737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
D 3576 Test Method for Cell Size of Rigid Cellular Plastics
D 3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E 162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E 662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bonded foam—a product produced by the adhesion of small pieces of urethane foam to each other with a suitable bonding
agent.
3.1.2 core—the internal portion of a molded part, free of skin.
3.1.3 cored foam—a flexible cellular material containing a multiplicity of holes (usually, but not necessarily, cylindrical in
shape), molded or cut into the material in some pattern, normally perpendicular to the foam rise direction, and extending part or
all the way through the piece.
3.1.4 convoluted foam—a flexible cellular material specially cut into sheets with “egg carton”-like dimples. The dimple peaks
and bases can have varied shapes and dimensions.
3.1.5 flexible cellular product—a cellular organic polymeric material that will not rupture when a specimen 200 by 25 by 25
mm is bent around a 25-mm diameter mandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in5sata temperature between 18 and 29°C.
3.1.6 molded foam—a cellular product having the shape of the enclosed chamber in which it is produced by foaming.
3.1.7 skin—the smooth surface layer of a molded foam product, formed by contact with the mold or surfaces.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
Materials-Plastics and Elastomers.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005.2008. Published August 2005.September 2008. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20032005 as
D 3574 – 035.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3574–08
3.1.8 slab—a section of foam that is cut from the internal portion of a large bun.
3.1.9 urethane foam—a flexible cellular product produced by the interaction of active hydrogen compounds, water, and
isocyanates.
3.1.10 viscoelastic foam—aspeciallyformulatedurethanefoamcharacterizedbyhavingslowrecovery,lowre
...
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