ASTM C1145-02
(Terminology)Standard Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
Standard Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
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Designation: C 1145 – 02
Standard Terminology of
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Advanced Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1145; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
absorbed moisture, n—water held within the materials and chatter, n—an undesirable pattern created on the surface of a
having physical properties not substantially different from work piece, usually at regularly spaced intervals, due to an
ordinary water at the same temperature and pressure. out-of-round, out-of-balance condition or due to an induced
advanced ceramic, n—a highly engineered, high perfor- natural frequency, or its harmonics, or both, in a grinding
mance, predominately non-metallic, inorganic, ceramic ma- machine.
terial having specific functional attributes. colloidal particle, n—a dispersed particle with a linear dimen-
agglomerate, n— as used in fractography, a cluster of grains, sion of 5 to 100 nm.
particles, platelets, or whiskers, or a combination thereof, comminution, n—the act or process of reduction in particle
present in a larger solid mass. size, usually but not necessarily by grinding or milling.
aggregate, n—a dense mass of particles held together by compositional inhomogeneity, n—as used in fractography, a
strong intermolecular or atomic cohesive forces. It is stable microstructural irregularity related to the nonuniform distri-
to normal handling and ordinary mixing techniques includ- bution of an additive, a different crystalline or glass phase or
ing high-speed stirring and ultrasonics.(C-21, C242) in a multiphase material the nonuniform distribution of a
back-face strain, n—the strain as meaured with a strain gage second phase.
mounted longitudinally on the compressive surface of the continuous fiber ceramic composite (CFCC), n—a ceramic
specimen, opposite the crack or notch mouth (often this is matrix composite in which the reinforcing phase(s) consists
the top surface of the specimen as tested). (C 1421) of continuous filaments, fibers, yarn, or knitted or woven
base exchange, n—a surface property exhibited by collodial fabrics.
inorganic materials, usually clays, whereby absorbed surface crack, n—as used in fractography, a plane of fracture without
cations are replaced by other cations. complete separation.
body, n—the structural portion of a ceramic article, or the crack deflection, n—a toughening mechanism in advanced
material or mixture from which it is made.(C-21, C 242) ceramics or ceramic matrix composites characterized by
calcine, v (calcination, n)—firing or heating a granular or fracture surface roughening and crack tilting/twisting during
particulate solid at less than fusion temperature, but suffi- propagation around grains or a reinforcing component
cient to remove most of its chemically combined volatile caused by stress fields around the grains or component
matter (that is, H O, CO ) and otherwise to develop the developed through mismatches in thermal expansion or
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desired properties for use. mechanical properties (such as elastic modulus), or both,
capillary action, n—the phenomenon of intrusion of a liquid between grains or between reinforcement and matrix.
into interconnected small voids, pores, and channels in a crack orientation, n—a description of the plane and direction
solid, resulting from surface tension. of a fracture in relation to a characteristic direction of the
casting, drain (hollow casting), v—forming ceramic ware by product.This identification is designated by a letter or letters
introducing a body slip into an open, porous mold, and then indicating the plane and direction of crack extension. The
draining off the remaining slip when the cast piece has letter or letters represent the direction normal to the crack
reached the desired thickness.(C-21, C 242) plane and the direction of crack propagation. (C 1421)
cermet, n—a composite material or article comprised of a deairing, n—the process of removing entrapped air or ab-
ceramic and a metal or metal alloy, interdistributed in any of sorbed air from a mass or slurry, usually by application of a
various geometrical forms but intimately bonded together. vacuum.
depth of penetration, n—(1) the distance a penetrant has
entered into a solid material as measured from the surface of
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
the material; (2) the maximum depth at which a magnetic or
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.91 on
ultrasonic indication can be measured in a test specimen.
Nomenclature.
diamond paste, n—diamonddustdispersedinapasteorslurry
Current e
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