ASTM A564/A564M-19a

Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers bars and shapes of age-hardening stainless steels. Hot-finished or cold-finished rounds, squares, hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels are included. These shapes may be produced by hot rolling, extruding, or forging. Type 631 and 632 stainless steels contain a large amount of ferrite in the microstructure and can have low ductility in forgings and large diameter bars. Material of types other than XM-16, XM-25, and Type 630 shall be furnished in the solution-annealed condition, or in the equalized and oven-tempered condition. Types 630, XM-16, and XM-25 may be furnished in the solution-annealed or age-hardened condition. Type UNS S46910 shall be furnished in solution annealed, cold-worked or aged-hardened condition. Shapes may be subjected to either Class A or Class C preparation for removal of visible surface imperfections. The material shall be subjected to tension, impact, and hardness tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers bars and shapes of age-hardening stainless steels. Hot-finished or cold-finished rounds, squares, hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels are included; these shapes may be produced by hot rolling, extruding, or forging. Billets or bars for reforging may be purchased to this specification.  
1.2 These steels are generally used for parts requiring corrosion resistance and high strength at room temperature, or at temperatures up to 600 °F [315 °C]; 700 °F [370 °C] for Type 632; 840 °F [450 °C] for Type UNS S46910. They are suitable for machining in the solution-annealed condition after which they may be age-hardened to the mechanical properties specified in Section 7 without danger of cracking or distortion. Type XM-25 is machinable in the as-received fully heat treated condition. Type UNS S46910 is suitable for machining in the solution-annealed, cold-worked, and aged-hardened condition.  
1.3 Types 631 and 632 contain a large amount of ferrite in the microstructure and can have low ductility in forgings and larger diameter bars. Applications should be limited to small diameter bar.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
Note 1: For forgings, see Specification A705/A705M.
Note 2: For billets and bars for forging see Specification A314.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2019
• ICS: 77.140.60 - Steel bars and rods
• ICS: 77.140.70 - Steel profiles
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.17 - Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel

Relations

• Refers: ASTM A370-24 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-24 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, Shapes, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM A314-23 - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-23a - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, Shapes, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2023
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2023
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-20a - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 05-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-19 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2019
• Refers: ASTM A370-19 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM A314-19 - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-18a - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-18 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM A370-17a - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A705/A705M-17 - Standard Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A370-17 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2017
• Refers: ASTM A484/A484M-16 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016

Overview

ASTM A564/A564M-19a is the standard specification developed by ASTM International for hot-rolled and cold-finished age-hardening stainless steel bars and shapes. This comprehensive standard covers a range of stainless steel products, including rounds, squares, hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels. These products are designed for applications requiring high strength and corrosion resistance. Production methods under this specification include hot rolling, extruding, and forging. Both inch-pound and SI (metric) units are permitted, ensuring global applicability and clarity in procurement and manufacturing.

Key Topics

• Scope of Application: Covers bars and shapes of precipitation-hardened stainless steels for delivered or re-forged products.
• Product Forms:
  • Hot-finished or cold-finished rounds, squares, hexagons
  • Custom bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels
• Material and Heat Treatment Conditions:
  • Most types are supplied solution-annealed or oven-tempered
  • Certain grades (630, XM-16, XM-25, S46910) may be supplied solution-annealed or age-hardened/cold-worked
• Mechanical Properties:
  • Includes requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, and hardness
  • Mechanical testing (tension, impact, and hardness) is mandatory to validate material performance
• Surface Preparation:
  • Two classes (A or C) for removal of visible surface imperfections, ensuring high-quality finishes
• Chemistry Compliance:
  • Each alloy must meet chemical composition limits specified in the standard

Applications

Products manufactured under ASTM A564/A564M-19a are widely used where a combination of high strength and corrosion resistance is critical. Notable applications include:

• Aerospace Components: Landing gear parts, structural elements, and fasteners due to high mechanical strength and fatigue resistance.
• Power Generation: Turbine parts and fasteners that require stability and strength at elevated temperatures.
• Petrochemical Industry: Shafts, valves, and fittings exposed to corrosive environments.
• Industrial Equipment: High-performance shafts, gears, and machinery parts that require both durability and resistance to wear.
• Medical Devices: Surgical instruments and orthopedic devices demanding non-rusting, high-strength materials.
• General Engineering: Bars and shapes are used for components operating at temperatures up to 600 °F (315 °C), and higher for specific grades.

Special Considerations

• Machinability: Solution-annealed types are particularly suitable for machining before age-hardening.
• Diameter Limitations: Types 631 and 632 contain significant ferrite, which may lower ductility in forgings and large bars-recommended for small diameter applications.

Related Standards

The following ASTM and industry standards are closely associated with or referenced by ASTM A564/A564M-19a:

• ASTM A314: Standard specification for stainless steel billets and bars for forging
• ASTM A484/A484M: Covers general requirements for stainless steel bars, billets, and forgings
• ASTM A705/A705M: Specification for age-hardening stainless steel forgings
• ASTM A370: Test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products
• ASTM A751: Test methods, practices, and terminology for chemical analysis of steel products
• SAE J1086: Practice for numbering metals and alloys (Unified Numbering System - UNS)
• ASME SA-564/SA-564M: Boiler and pressure vessel code equivalence

Summary

ASTM A564/A564M-19a is essential for specifying and procuring age-hardening stainless steel bars and shapes used in demanding structural and corrosive environments. Its detailed requirements for product forms, mechanical properties, and heat treatment ensure material consistency and performance across various industries. By referencing related standards, ASTM A564/A564M-19a supports seamless integration into global manufacturing and supply chains, making it a vital resource for engineers, manufacturers, and quality assurance professionals.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A564/A564M −19a
Standard Specification for
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel
Bars and Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA564/A564M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
NOTE 2—For billets and bars for forging see Specification A314.
1. Scope*
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1 This specification covers bars and shapes of age-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
hardeningstainlesssteels.Hot-finishedorcold-finishedrounds,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
squares, hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels are
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
included; these shapes may be produced by hot rolling,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
extruding, or forging. Billets or bars for reforging may be
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
purchased to this specification.
1.2 These steels are generally used for parts requiring
2. Referenced Documents
corrosion resistance and high strength at room temperature, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
at temperatures up to 600 °F [315 °C]; 700 °F [370 °C] for
A314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for
Type 632; 840 °F [450 °C] for Type UNS S46910. They are
Forging
suitable for machining in the solution-annealed condition after
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
which they may be age-hardened to the mechanical properties
of Steel Products
specified in Section 7 without danger of cracking or distortion.
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for
Type XM-25 is machinable in the as-received fully heat treated
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
condition. Type UNS S46910 is suitable for machining in the
A705/A705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless
solution-annealed, cold-worked, and aged-hardened condition.
Steel Forgings
1.3 Types 631 and 632 contain a large amount of ferrite in
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
the microstructure and can have low ductility in forgings and
Steel Products
larger diameter bars. Applications should be limited to small
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
diameter bar.
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 Other Documents:
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals
(metric)unitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandards;within
and Alloys (UNS)
the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
3. Ordering Information
therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
formance with the specification.
specification. Such requirements may include but are not
1.5 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the
limited to the following:
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
NOTE 1—For forgings, see Specification A705/A705M.
3.1.2 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),
3.1.3 Specific melt type when required,
3.1.4 Heat treated condition (5.1),
'This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A564/A564M – 19. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0564_A0564M-19A. the ASTM website.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
cation SA-564/SA-564M in Section II of that Code. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A564/A564M−19a
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
UNS Other
Type C Mn P S Si Cr Ni Al Mo Ti Cu
B
Designation Elements
C
S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.00–17.50 3.00–5.00 . . . . . . . . . 3.00–5.00
S17700 631 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–18.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S15700 632 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 2.00–3.00 . . . . . . . . .
D
S35500 634 0.10–0.15 0.50–1.25 0.040 0.030 0.50 15.00–16.00 4.00–5.00 . . . 2.50–3.25 . . . . . .
S17600 635 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–17.50 6.00–7.50 0.40 . . . 0.40–1.20 . . . . . .
C
S15500 XM-12 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–15.50 3.50–5.50 . . . . . . . . . 2.50–4.50
E
S13800 XM-13 0.05 0.20 0.010 0.008 0.10 12.25–13.25 7.50–8.50 0.90–1.35 2.00–2.50 . . . . . .
F
S45500 XM-16 0.03 0.50 0.015 0.015 0.50 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 . . . 0.50 0.90–1.40 1.50–2.50
F
S45503 . . . 0.010 0.50 0.010 0.010 0.20 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 . . . 0.50 1.00–1.35 1.50–2.50
G
S45000 XM-25 0.05 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 5.00–7.00 . . . 0.50–1.00 . . . 1.25–1.75
E
S46500 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 10.75–11.25 . . . 0.75–1.25 1.50–1.80 . . .
S46910 . . . 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.015 0.70 11.0–13.0 8.0–10.0 0.15–0.50 3.0–5.0 0.50–1.20 1.5–3.5 . . .
E
S10120 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 9.00–10.50 0.80–1.10 1.75–2.25 0.20–0.50 . . .
E
S11100 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 10.25–11.25 1.35–1.75 1.75–2.25 0.20–0.50 . . .
A
Limits are in percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C H
Niobium 0.15–0.45.
D
Nitrogen 0.07–0.13.
E
Nitrogen 0.01.
F
Niobium 0.10–0.50.
G
Niobium 8 times carbon minimum.
H
Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) refer to the same element.
3.1.5 Transverse properties when required (7.6), 5.1.2 Type UNS S46500 and S46910 shall be furnished in
3.1.6 Finish (Specification A484/A484M), solution-annealed condition in accordance with Table 2,or
3.1.7 Surface preparation of shapes (5.2.1), solution-annealed and cold-worked condition in accordance
3.1.8 Size, or applicable dimension including diameter, with Table 3, or aged-hardened condition in accordance with-
thickness, width, length, and so forth, Table 4.
3.1.9 Preparation for delivery (Specification A484/A484M), 5.1.3 Reforging stock shall be supplied in a condition of
3.1.10 Special requirements (refer to 7.4 and 8.3), heat treatment to be selected by the forging manufacturer.
3.1.11 Marking requirements (Specification A484/A484M),
5.2 Shapes may be subjected to either Class A or Class C
and
preparation as specified on the purchase order.
3.1.12 ASTMdesignationanddateofissueifotherthanthat
5.2.1 Class A consists of preparation by grinding for the
currently published.
removal of imperfections of a hazardous nature such as fins,
3.2 If possible, the intended use of the item should be given
tears, and jagged edges provided the underweight tolerance is
on the purchase order especially when the item is ordered for
not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one
a specific end use or uses.
point does not exceed 10 % of the thickness of the section.
5.2.2 Class C consists of preparation by grinding for the
NOTE3—Atypicalorderingdescriptionisasfollows:5000lb[2270kg]
1 removal of all visible surface imperfections provided the
Type 630, Solution-Annealed Cold Finished Centerless Ground, 1 ⁄2 in.
[38.0 mm] round bar, 10 to 12 ft [3.0 to 3.6 m] in length, ASTM A564 underweight tolerance is not exceeded and the maximum depth
dated ______. End use: valve shafts.
of grinding at any one point does not exceed 10 % of the
thickness of the section.
4. General Requirements
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
6. Chemical Composition
requirements of the current edition of Specifications A484/
6.1 Eachalloycoveredbythisspecificationshallconformto
A484M shall apply. Failure to comply with the general
the chemical requirements specified in Table 1.
requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes non-
6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis
conformance with this specification.
required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment and Condition:
7. Mechanical Properties Requirements
5.1.1 MaterialoftypesotherthanXM-16,XM-25,andType
630 shall be furnished in the solution-annealed condition, or in 7.1 The material, as represented by mechanical test
the equalized and oven-tempered condition, as noted in Table specimens, shall conform to the mechanical property require-
2, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. ments specified in Table 2 or Table 3 and shall be capable of
5.1.1.1 Types 630, XM-16, and XM-25 may be furnished in developing the properties in Table 4 when heat treated as
the solution-annealed or age-hardened condition. specified in 5.1.
A564/A564M−19a
TABLE 2 Solution Treatment
A
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution Treated Condition
UNS B C
Elongation
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min Hardness
Condi-
Reduction
Desig- Type Solution Treatment
in 2 in. [50
tion
of Area,
nation Rockwell C, Brinell,
mm] or 4D,
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa]
min %
max max
min. %
S17400 630 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool as . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 90 °F (32 °C))
S17700 631 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HRB98 229
quench)
D
S15700 632 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HRB100 269
quench)
E E
S35500 634 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] quench, . . . . . . . 363
holdnot less than3hatminus 100
°F or lower
S17600 635 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (air 120 [825] 75 [515] 10 45 32 302
cool)
S15500 XM-12 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool as . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 90 °F (32 °C))
S13800 XM-13 A 1700 ± 25 °F [925 ± 15 °C] Cool as . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 60 °F [16 °C]
S45500 XM-16 A 1525 ± 25 °F [830 ± 15 °C] (cool . . . . . . 36 331
rapidly)
F
S45000 XM-25 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool 125 [860] 95 [655] 10 40 32 321
rapidly)
S45503 . . . A 1525 ± 25 °F [830 ± 15 °C] (cool . . . . . . 36 331
rapidly)
S46500 . . . A 1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 15 °C] (oil or . . . . . . 36 331
water quench), hold for min. 8 h at
minus 100 °F (-73 °C), air warm
S46910 . . . A 1830 – 2050 °F [1000 – 1120 °C] 87 [600] 58 [400] 10 . . . 33 315
(cool rapidly)
S10120 . . . A 1545 ± 25 °F [840 ± 14 °C] . . . . . . 36 331
(cool rapidly below 90 °F [32 °C])
S11100 . . . A 1545 ± 25 °F [840 ± 14 °C] . . . . . . 36 331
(oil or water quench),
hold for minimum of 8 h at
G
-100 °F [-73 °C], air warm
A
See 7.1.
B
See 7.3.
C
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes ½ in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
D
321 for rounds cold drawn after solution treating.
E
Equalization and over-tempering treatment 1425 ± 50 °F [775 ± 30 °C] for not less than 3 h, cool to room temperature, heat to 1075 ± 25 °F [580 ± 15 °C] for not less
than3h.
F
Maximum 165 ksi [1140 MPa] tensile strength only for sizes up to ⁄2 in. (13 mm).
G
Required hold time at minus 100 °F [-73 °C] is not mandatory if product is under 2 in. [51 mm] thickness.
TABLE 3 Solution-Annealed and Cold-Worked Condition
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution-Annealed and Cold-Worked Condition
UNS Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min Hardness
Elongation in
Type Condition Reduction of
Designation 2 in. [50 mm] Rockwell C,
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] Area, min % Brinell, max
or 4D, min %
max
S46500 . . . [Table 2 . . . . . . 40 380
Condition A] +
CW
S46910 . . . CW ⁄2 hard 131 [900] 109 [750] 8 . . . 40 380
. . . CW full hard 189 [1300] 175 [1200] 3 . . . 55 580
A564/A564M−19a
A
TABLE 4 Mechanical Test Requirements After Age Hardening Heat Treatment
Suggested Hardening and/or Aging
F Elongation G
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min Hardness Impact Charpy-V, min
B,C,D Reduction
Treatment
Applicable Thickness, in 2 in.
Type Condition of area,
E
in. & Test Direction [50 mm] or
Temp, Rockwell Brinell,
H
min, %
Time, h Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] ft·lbf J
4D, min %
°F [°C] C, min min
630 H900 900 [480] 1.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl 190 [1310] 170 [1170] 10 40 40 388 . . . . . .
[75 mm] (L)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to 35
8 in. incl [200 mm] (T)
H925 925 [495] 4.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl 170 [1170] 155 [1070] 10 44 38 375 5 6.8
[75 mm] (L)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to 38
8 in. incl [200 mm] (T)
H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl 155 [1070] 145 [1000] 12 45 35 331 15 20
[200 mm] (L)
H1075 1075 [580] 145 [1000] 125 [860] 13 45 32 311 20 27
H1100 1100 [595] 140 [965] 115 [795] 14 45 31 302 25 34
H1150 1150 [620] 135 [930] 105 [725] 16 50 28 277 30 41
H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus 115 [795] 75 [520] 18 55 24 255 55 75
1150 [620] fo
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A564/A564M − 19 A564/A564M − 19a
Standard Specification for
Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel
Bars and Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A564/A564M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers bars and shapes of age-hardening stainless steels. Hot-finished or cold-finished rounds, squares,
hexagons, bar shapes, angles, tees, and channels are included; these shapes may be produced by hot rolling, extruding, or forging.
Billets or bars for reforging may be purchased to this specification.
1.2 These steels are generally used for parts requiring corrosion resistance and high strength at room temperature, or at
temperatures up to 600 °F [315 °C]; 700 °F [370 °C] for Type 632; 840 °F [450 °C] for Type UNS S46910. They are suitable for
machining in the solution-annealed condition after which they may be age-hardened to the mechanical properties specified in
Section 7 without danger of cracking or distortion. Type XM-25 is machinable in the as-received fully heat treated condition. Type
UNS S46910 is suitable for machining in the solution-annealed, cold-worked, and aged-hardened condition.
1.3 Types 631 and 632 contain a large amount of ferrite in the microstructure and can have low ductility in forgings and larger
diameter bars. Applications should be limited to small diameter bar.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within the text
and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification.
1.5 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
NOTE 1—For forgings, see Specification A705/A705M.
NOTE 2—For billets and bars for forging see Specification A314.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A705/A705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 Other Documents:
SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
'This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17
on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved May 1, 2019Sept. 1, 2019. Published June 2019September 2019. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20132019 as
ε1
A564/A564M – 13A564/A564M – 19. . DOI: 10.1520/A0564_A0564M-19.10.1520/A0564_A0564M-19A.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-564/SA-564M in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A564/A564M − 19a
3. Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements may include but are not limited to the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
3.1.2 Type or UNS designation (Table 1),
3.1.3 Specific melt type when required,
3.1.4 Heat treated condition (5.1),
3.1.5 Transverse properties when required (7.6),
3.1.6 Finish (Specification A484/A484M),
3.1.7 Surface preparation of shapes (5.2.1),
3.1.8 Size, or applicable dimension including diameter, thickness, width, length, and so forth,
3.1.9 Preparation for delivery (Specification A484/A484M),
3.1.10 Special requirements (refer to 7.4 and 8.3),
3.1.11 Marking requirements (Specification A484/A484M), and
3.1.12 ASTM designation and date of issue if other than that currently published.
3.2 If possible, the intended use of the item should be given on the purchase order especially when the item is ordered for a
specific end use or uses.
NOTE 3—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2270 kg] Type 630, Solution-Annealed Cold Finished Centerless Ground, 1 ⁄2 in. [38.0
mm] round bar, 10 to 12 ft [3.0 to 3.6 m] in length, ASTM A564 dated ______. End use: valve shafts.
4. General Requirements
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all requirements of the current edition of Specifications A484/A484M
shall apply. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes nonconformance with this
specification.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment and Condition:
5.1.1 Material of types other than XM-16, XM-25, and Type 630 shall be furnished in the solution-annealed condition, or in
the equalized and oven-tempered condition, as noted in Table 2, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.
5.1.1.1 Types 630, XM-16, and XM-25 may be furnished in the solution-annealed or age-hardened condition.
5.1.2 Type UNS S46500 and S46910 shall be furnished in solution-annealed condition in accordance with Table 2, or
solution-annealed and cold-worked condition in accordance with Table 3, or aged-hardened condition in accordance withTable 4.
5.1.3 Reforging stock shall be supplied in a condition of heat treatment to be selected by the forging manufacturer.
5.2 Shapes may be subjected to either Class A or Class C preparation as specified on the purchase order.
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
UNS Other
Type C Mn P S Si Cr Ni Al Mo Ti Cu
B
Designation Elements
C
S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.00–17.50 3.00–5.00 . . . . . . . . . 3.00–5.00
S17700 631 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–18.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 . . . . . . . . . . . .
S15700 632 0.09 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 6.50–7.75 0.75–1.50 2.00–3.00 . . . . . . . . .
D
S35500 634 0.10–0.15 0.50–1.25 0.040 0.030 0.50 15.00–16.00 4.00–5.00 . . . 2.50–3.25 . . . . . .
S17600 635 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 16.00–17.50 6.00–7.50 0.40 . . . 0.40–1.20 . . . . . .
C
S15500 XM-12 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 14.00–15.50 3.50–5.50 . . . . . . . . . 2.50–4.50
E
S13800 XM-13 0.05 0.20 0.010 0.008 0.10 12.25–13.25 7.50–8.50 0.90–1.35 2.00–2.50 . . . . . .
F
S45500 XM-16 0.03 0.50 0.015 0.015 0.50 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 . . . 0.50 0.90–1.40 1.50–2.50
F
S45503 . . . 0.010 0.50 0.010 0.010 0.20 11.00–12.50 7.50–9.50 . . . 0.50 1.00–1.35 1.50–2.50
G
S45000 XM-25 0.05 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 14.00–16.00 5.00–7.00 . . . 0.50–1.00 . . . 1.25–1.75
E
S46500 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 10.75–11.25 . . . 0.75–1.25 1.50–1.80 . . .
S46910 . . . 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.015 0.70 11.0–13.0 8.0–10.0 0.15–0.50 3.0–5.0 0.50–1.20 1.5–3.5 . . .
E
S10120 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 9.00–10.50 0.80–1.10 1.75–2.25 0.20–0.50 . . .
E
S11100 . . . 0.02 0.25 0.015 0.010 0.25 11.00–12.50 10.25–11.25 1.35–1.75 1.75–2.25 0.20–0.50 . . .
A
Limits are in percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.
B
New designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C H
Niobium 0.15–0.45.
D
Nitrogen 0.07–0.13.
E
Nitrogen 0.01.
F
Niobium 0.10–0.50.
G
Niobium 8 times carbon minimum.
H
Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) refer to the same element.
A564/A564M − 19a
TABLE 2 Solution Treatment
A
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution Treated Condition
UNS B C
Elongation
Tensile Strength, min Yield Strength, min Hardness
Condi-
Reduction
Desig- Type Solution Treatment
in 2 in. [50
tion
of Area,
nation Rockwell C, Brinell,
mm] or 4D,
ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa]
min %
max max
min. %
S17400 630 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 90 °F (32 °C))
S17700 631 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HRB98 229
quench)
D
S15700 632 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HRB100 269
quench)
E E
S35500 634 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] quench, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
hold not less than 3 h at minus 100
°F or lower
S17600 635 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (air 120 [825] 75 [515] 10 45 32 302
cool)
S15500 XM-12 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 90 °F (32 °C))
S13800 XM-13 A 1700 ± 25 °F [925 ± 15 °C] Cool as . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 363
required to below 60 °F [16 °C]
S45500 XM-16 A 1525 ± 25 °F [830 ± 15 °C] (cool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
rapidly)
F
S45000 XM-25 A 1900 ± 25 °F [1040 ± 15 °C] (cool 125 [860] 95 [655] 10 40 32 321
rapidly)
S45503 . . . A 1525 ± 25 °F [830 ± 15 °C] (cool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
rapidly)
S46500 . . . A 1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 15 °C] (oil or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
water quench), hold for min. 8 h at
minus 100 °F (73 °C), air warm
S46500 . . . A 1800 ± 25 °F [980 ± 15 °C] (oil or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
water quench), hold for min. 8 h at
minus 100 °F (-73 °C), air warm
S46910 . . . A 1830 – 2050 °F [1000 – 1120 °C] 87 [600] 58 [400] 10 . . . 33 315
(cool rapidly)
S10120 . . . A 1545 ± 25 °F [840 ± 14 °C] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
(cool rapidly below 90 °F [32 °C])
S11100 . . . A 1545 ± 25 °F [840 ± 14 °C] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 331
(oil or water quench),
hold for minimum of 8 h at
G
-100 °F [-73 °C], air warm
A
See 7.1.
B
See 7.3.
C
Either Rockwell C hardness or Brinell is permissible. On sizes ½ in. (12.70 mm) and smaller, Rockwell C is preferred.
D
321 BH for rounds cold drawn after solution treating.
E
Equalization and over-tempering treatment 1425 ± 50 °F [775 ± 30 °C] for not less than 3 h, cool to room temperature, heat to 1075 ± 25 °F [580 ± 15 °C] for not less
than 3 h.
F
Maximum 165 ksi [1140 MPa] tensile strength only for sizes up to ⁄2 in. (13 mm).
G
Required hold time at minus 100 °F [-73 °C] is not mandatory if product is under 2 in. [51 mm] thickness.
5.2.1 Class A consists of preparation by grinding for the removal of imperfections of a hazardous nature such as fins, tears, and
jagged edges provided the underweight tolerance is not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one point does not
exceed 10 % of the thickness of the section.
5.2.2 Class C consists of preparation by grinding for the removal of all visible surface imperfections provided the underweight
tolerance is not exceeded and the maximum depth of grinding at any one point does not exceed 10 % of the thickness of the section.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Each alloy covered by this specification shall conform to the chemical requirements specified in Table 1.
A564/A564M − 19a
TABLE 3 Solution-Annealed and Cold-Worked Condition
Mechanical Test Requirements in Solution-Annealed and Cold-Worked Condition
UNS Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, Elongation in
Type Condition Reduction of Hardness
Designation min min 2 in. [50 mm]
Area, min %
ksi [MPa] ksi or 4D, min % [MPa] Rockwell C, max
S46500 . . . [Table 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 380
Condition A] +
CW
S46910 . . . CW ⁄2 hard 131 [900] 109 [750] 8 . . . 40 380
S46910 . . . CW ⁄2 hard 131 [900] 109 [750] 8 . . . 40 380
. . . CW full hard 189 [1300] 175 [1200] 3 . . . 55 580
. . . CW full hard 189 [1300] 175 [1200] 3 . . . 55 580
6.2 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test Methods,
Practices, and Terminology A751.
7. Mechanical Properties Requirements
7.1 The material, as represented by mechanical test specimens, shall conform to the mechanical property requirements specified
in Table 2 or Table 3 and shall be capable of developing the properties in Table 4 when heat treated as specified in 5.1.
7.2 Samples cut from bars for forging stock shall conform to the mechanical properties of Table 2 and Table 4 when heat treated
as specified in Table 2 and Table 4.
7.3 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset method as described in the current edition of Test Methods and
Definitions A370. The limiting permanent offset shall be 0.2 % of the gauge length of the specimen.
7.4 The impact requirement shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. When specified, the material, as represented
by impact test specimens, shall be capable of developing the impact property requirements specified in Table 4 when heat treated
in accordance with 5.1.
7.5 Longitudinal impact requirements are not applicable to bars less than ⁄8 in. (16.9 mm) diameter or size or flats less than
⁄8 in. (16.9 mm) thick.
7.6 Tensile and impact requirements in the transverse (through thickness) direction are not applicable to bars less than 3 in. [75
mm] diameter in size or flats less than 3 in. [75 mm] thick.
7.7 Material tensile tested and, when specified, impact tested in the transverse (through thickness) direction and meeting the
requirements shown in Table 4 need not be tested in the longitudinal direction.
8. Number of Tests
8.1 At least one room temperature tension test and one or more hardness tests shall be made on each lot.
8.2 One or more hardness tests and at least one tension test shall be made from each lot on test samples heat treated as required
in . Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, the condition of hardening heat treatment shall be at the option of the
producer. The tests shall meet the requirements of Table 4.
8.3 When specified in the purchase order, the impact test shall consist of testing three Charpy V-notch Type A specimens in
accordance with Methods and Definitions A370. The specimens shall be heat treated in accordance with 5.1. Unless otherwise
specified in the purchase order, the condition of hardening heat treatment shall be at the option of the producer and testing shall
be done at 70 to 80 °F [20 to 25 °C]. The tests shall meet the requirements of Table 4. When tested at temperatures other than 70
to 80 °F, [20 to 25 °C] the impact test requirements will be as agreed upon by purchaser and producer.
9. Keywords
9.1 age-hardening stainless steel; precipitation hardening stainless steel; stainless steel bars; stainless steel shapes
A564/A564M − 19a
A
TABLE 4 Mechanical Test Requirements After Age Hardening Heat Treatment
Elon-
Suggested Hardening or Aging Tensile Yield Impact
G
Elongation
Treatment, or Bothand/or Aging Strength, Strength, Hardness Charpy-V,
Reduc-
B,C,D F
Applicable gation
Treatment min min min
Reduction
Condi- Condition Thickness, in 2 in. [50
Type tion of
Tem- Temp, Rock-
tion in. and& Test mm] 2 in.
area,
E
perature, Time, Rockwell Brinell,
H Direction [50 mm] or
Quench ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] ft·lbf J
min, %
°F h well C, min
4D,
[°C] [°C] min
min. %min %
630 H900 900 [480] 1.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl 190 [1310] 170 [1170] 10 40 40 388 . . . . . .
[75 mm] (L)
630 H900 900 [480] 1.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl 190 [1310] 170 [1170] 10 40 40 388 . . . . . .
[75 mm] (L)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] 35
to 8 in. incl [200
mm] (T)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to 35
8 in. incl [200 mm]
(T)
H925 925 [495] 4.0 air cool Up to 3 min. incl 170 [1170] 155 [1070] 10 44 38 375 5 6.8
[75 mm] (L)
H925 925 [495] 4.0 air cool Up to 3 in. incl 170 [1170] 155 [1070] 10 44 38 375 5 6.8
[75 mm] (L)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] 38
to 8 in. incl [200
mm] (T)
Over 3 in. [75 mm] to 38
8 in. incl [200 mm]
(T)
H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl 155 [1070] 145 [1000] 12 45 35 331 15 20
[200 mm] (L)
H1025 1025 [550] 4.0 air cool Up to 8 in. incl 155 [1070] 145 [1000] 12 45 35 331 15 20
[200 mm] (L)
H1075 1075 [580] 145 [1000] 125 [860] 13 45 32 311 20 27
H1075 1075 [580] 145 [1000] 125 [860] 13 45 32 311 20 27
H1100 1100 [595] 140 [965] 115 [795] 14 45 31 302 25 34
H1100 1100 [595] 140 [965] 115 [795] 14 45 31 302 25 34
H1150 1150 [620] 135 [930] 105 [725] 16 50 28 277 30 41
H1150 1150 [620] 135 [930] 105 [725] 16 50 28 277 30 41
H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air cool plus 115 [795] 75 [520] 18 55 24 255 55 75
1150 [620] for 4 h, air cool
H1150M 1400 [760] for 2 h, air c
...