ASTM D4804-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid Solid Plastics
Standard Test Method for Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid Solid Plastics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test results represent the afterflame and afterglow times, in seconds, for a material under the conditions of the test.
5.2 The afterflame and afterglow times and other burning phenomena will vary with thickness. Test data shall only be compared with data for material of the same comparable thickness.
5.3 The effect of material thickness, colors, additives, deterioration, and possible loss of volatile components is measurable.
5.4 The results serve as a reference for comparing the relative performance of materials and can be an aid in material selection.
5.5 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it will not always be possible by or from this test method to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire-test exposure conditions described in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale laboratory procedures for determining the comparative burning characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen thinness and nonrigidity, distort, shrink, and/or are consumed up to holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801. A flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical position and the extinguishing times are determined upon removal of the test flame.
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is intended for quality assurance and the preselection of component materials for products.
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
Note 1: This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773, IEC 60695-11-10, and UL 94 (Section 11).
Note 2: For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method D635.
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when used as materials for building construction or finishing.
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.1.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4804 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid
1
Solid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4804; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
laboratory procedures for determining the comparative burning
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen
thinness and nonrigidity, distort, shrink, and/or are consumed
2. Referenced Documents
up to holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801. A
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
position and the extinguishing times are determined upon
Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
removal of the test flame.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is
D3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative Burning
intended for quality assurance and the preselection of compo-
Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical Position
nent materials for products.
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of
Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
D5207 Practice for Confirmation of 20-mm (50-W) and
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all
125-mm (500-W) Test Flames for Small-Scale Burning
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
Tests on Plastic Materials
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
NOTE 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773, IEC 60695-11-10,
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
and UL 94 (Section 11).
NOTE 2—For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal Determine the Precision of a Test Method
position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method
E2935 Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing
D635.
Processes
3
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when
2.2 ISO Standards:
used as materials for building construction or finishing.
ISO 9773:1998 Plastics—Determination of Burning Behav-
iour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact With
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
a Small Flame Ignition Source
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
ISO 13943 Fire Safety—Vocabulary
conducting these tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to plastics,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the definitions in this test method are in accordance with
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Terminology D883. For terms relating to fire, the definitions in
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
this test method are in accordance with Terminology E176 and
For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.1.
ISO 13943. In case of conflict, the definitions given in
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
Terminology E176 shall prevail. For terms relating to precision
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D4804 – 20. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D4804-23. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of thi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4804 − 20 D4804 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Flammability Characteristics of Nonrigid
1
Solid Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4804; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This fire-test-response test methods describe small-scale laboratory procedures for determining the comparative burning
characteristics of solid plastic materials that, due to specimen thinness and nonrigidity, distort, shrink, and/or are consumed up to
holding clamp when tested using Test Method D3801. A flame is applied to the base of specimens held in a vertical position and
the extinguishing times are determined upon removal of the test flame.
1.2 The classification system described in Appendix X1 is intended for quality assurance and the preselection of component
materials for products.
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled
conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
NOTE 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 9773, IEC 60695-11-10, and UL 94 (Section 11).
NOTE 2—For rate of burning of nonrigid solid plastics in a horizontal position, formerly Test Method B of this test method, see Test Method D635.
1.4 This test method is not intended to cover plastics when used as materials for building construction or finishing.
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.1.1.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2020Feb. 1, 2023. Published March 2020February 2023. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
D4804 – 19a.D4804 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D4804-20.10.1520/D4804-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4804 − 23
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3801 Test Method for Measuring the Comparative Burning Characteristics of Solid Plastics in a Vertical Position
D5025 Specification for Laboratory Burner Used for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic Materials
D5207 Practice for Confirmation of 20-mm (50-W) and 125-mm (500-W) Test Flames for Small-Scale Burning Tests on Plastic
Materials
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2935 Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing Processes
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 9773:1998 Plastics—Determination of Burning Behaviour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact With a Small
Flame Ignition Source
ISO 13943 Fire Safety—Vocabulary
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to plastics, the definitions in this test method are in accordance with Terminology
D883. For terms relating to fire, the definitions in this test method are in accordance with Terminology E176 and ISO 13943. In
case of conflict, the definitions given in Terminology E176 shall prevail. For terms relating to precision and bias
...
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