ASTM D3217/D3217M-20

Standard Test Methods for Breaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop or Knot Configurations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Both the loop breaking tenacity and the knot breaking tenacity, calculated from the breaking force measured under the conditions specified herein and the linear density of the fiber, are fundamental properties that are used to establish limitations on fiber-processing and upon their end-use applications. Physical properties, such as brittleness, not well defined by tests for breaking force and elongation can be estimated from the ratio of breaking tenacity measured in loop or knot tests, or both, and the normal tenacity as measured by Test Method D3822 provided both methods use the same gauge length and strain rate.  
5.2 This test method is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments in the absence of reliable information on between-laboratory precision (see Note 3). In some cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method, even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. In such a case, if there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with each comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the breaking tenacity of manufactured textile fibers taken from filament yarns, staple, or tow fiber, either crimped or uncrimped, and tested in either a double loop or as a strand formed into a single overhand knot.  
1.2 Methods for measuring the breaking tenacity of conditioned and wet (immersed) fibers in loop and knot form are included.  
1.3 Elongation in loop or knot tests has no known significance, and is usually not recorded.  
1.4 The basic distinction between the procedures described in these test methods and those included in Test Methods D2101 is the configuration of the specimen, that is, either as a double loop or in the configuration of a single overhand knot.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2020
• ICS: 59.060.20 - Man-made fibres
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.58 - Yarns and Fibers

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D3217/D3217M −20
Standard Test Methods for
Breaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop or
1
Knot Configurations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3217/D3217M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
breaking tenacity of manufactured textile fibers taken from
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
filament yarns, staple, or tow fiber, either crimped or
D1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
uncrimped, and tested in either a double loop or as a strand
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
formed into a single overhand knot.
D2101 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-
1.2 Methods for measuring the breaking tenacity of condi-
Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and Tows (With-
3
tioned and wet (immersed) fibers in loop and knot form are
drawn 1995)
included.
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
1.3 Elongation in loop or knot tests has no known
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
significance, and is usually not recorded.
D3822 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile
1.4 The basic distinction between the procedures described
Fibers
in these test methods and those included in Test Methods
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
D2101 is the configuration of the specimen, that is, either as a
double loop or in the configuration of a single overhand knot.
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58, Yarns and
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
breaking force, breaking tenacity, linear density for fiber and
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
yarn, manufactured staple fiber, tenacity.
used independently of the other, and values from the two
systems shall not be combined.
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to
Terminology D123.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Methods
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4.1 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a loop as de-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. scribedin9.4.1arebrokenonaconstant-rate-of-extensiontype
testing machine at a predetermined rate of elongation and the
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
breaking force is determined.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a knot as de-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
scribedin9.4.2arebrokenonaconstant-rate-of-extensiontype
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
testing machine at a predetermined rate of elongation, and the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
breaking force is determined.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Fibers. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved July 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3217/D3217M – 15. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D3217_D3217M-20. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3217/D3217M−20
between shipping units, between packages, ends, or other laboratory
4.3 The breaking tenacity is calculated from the breaking
sampling unit within a shipping unit if applicable, and within specimens
force regis
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3217/D3217M − 15 D3217/D3217M − 20
Standard Test Methods for
Breaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop or
1
Knot Configurations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3217/D3217M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of the breaking tenacity of manufactured textile fibers taken from filament yarns,
staple, or tow fiber, either crimped or uncrimped, and tested in either a double loop or as a strand formed into a single overhand
knot.
1.2 Methods for measuring the breaking tenacity of conditioned and wet (immersed) fibers in loop and knot form are included.
1.3 Elongation in loop or knot tests has no known significance, and is usually not recorded.
1.4 The basic distinction between the procedures described in these test methods and those included in Test Methods D2101
is the configuration of the specimen, that is, either as a double loop or in the configuration of a single overhand knot.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
3
D2101 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and Tows (Withdrawn 1995)
D2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers, Sliver, or Tow for Testing
D3822 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58, Yarns and Fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: breaking force, breaking tenacity, linear density for fiber and yarn,
manufactured staple fiber, tenacity.
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015July 1, 2020. Published April 2015August 2020. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20132015 as
D3217/D3217M – 13.D3217/D3217M – 15. DOI: 10.1520/D3217_D3217M-15.10.1520/D3217_D3217M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3217/D3217M − 20
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a loop as described in 9.4.1 are broken on a constant-rate-of-extension type testing
machine at a predetermined rate of elongation and the breaking force is determined.
4.2 Single-fiber specimens in the form of a knot as described in 9.4.2 are broken on a constant-rate-of-extension type testing
machine at a predetermined rate of elongation, and the breaking force is
...