ASTM E2058-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods are an integral part of existing test standards for cable fire propagation and clean room material flammability, as well as, in an approval standard for conveyor belting (1-3).3 Refs (1-3) use these test methods because fire-test-response results obtained from the test methods correlate with fire behavior during real-scale fire propagation tests, as discussed in X1.4.
5.2 The Ignition, Combustion, or Fire Propagation test method, or a combination thereof, have been performed with materials and products containing a wide range of polymer compositions and structures, as described in X1.7.
5.3 The Fire Propagation test method is different from the test methods in the ASTM standards listed in 2.1 by virtue of producing laboratory measurements of the chemical heat release rate during upward fire propagation and burning on a vertical test specimen in normal air, oxygen-enriched air, or in oxygen-vitiated air. Test methods from other standards, for example, Test Method E1321, which yields measurements during lateral/horizontal or downward flame spread on materials and Test Methods E906, E1354, and E1623, which yield measurements of the rate of heat release from materials fully involved in flaming combustion, generally use an external radiant flux, rather than the flames from the burning material itself, to characterize fire behavior.
5.4 These test methods are not intended to be routine quality control tests. They are intended for evaluation of specific flammability characteristics of materials. Materials to be analyzed consist of specimens from an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product. Results from the laboratory procedures provide input to fire propagation and fire growth models, risk analysis studies, building and product designs, and materials research and development.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quantifies material flammability characteristics, related to the propensity of materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability characteristics that are quantified include time to ignition (tign), chemical ( Q˙chem), and convective ( Q˙c) heat release rates, mass loss rate ( m˙) and effective heat of combustion (EHC).
1.2 The following test methods, capable of being performed separately and independently, are included herein:
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine tign for a horizontal specimen;
1.2.2 Combustion Test, to determine Q˙chem, Q˙c, m˙, and EHC from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine Q˙chem from burning of a vertical specimen.
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up to 110 kW/m2 to the test specimen, which remains constant whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for combustion or upward fire propagation in prescribed flows of normal air, air enriched with up to 40 % oxygen, air oxygen vitiated, pure nitrogen or mixtures of gaseous suppression agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of measuring heat release rates and exhaust product flows generated during upward fire propagation on a vertical test specimen 0.305 m high.
1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of materials and products. It is also designed to obtain the transient response of such materials and products to prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to obtain laboratory measurements of generation rates of fire products (CO2, CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for use in fire safety engineering.
1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form a liquid pool...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2058 − 19 An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Material Flammability Using a Fire
1
Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at
a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quanti-
fiesmaterialflammabilitycharacteristics,relatedtothepropen- 1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not
suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form
sity of materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire
propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability character- a liquid pool.
isticsthatarequantifiedincludetimetoignition(t ),chemical
ign
1.7 Values stated are in SI units. Values in parentheses are
˙ ˙
(Q ), and convective (Q ) heat release rates, mass loss rate
chem c
for information only.
(m˙) and effective heat of combustion (EHC).
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the
1.2 Thefollowingtestmethods,capableofbeingperformed
responseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflame
separately and independently, are included herein:
under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine t for a horizontal speci-
ign
allfactorsrequiredforfirehazardorfireriskassessmentofthe
men;
materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
˙ ˙
1.2.2 Combustion Test,todetermine Q , Q , m˙,andEHC
chem c
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
˙
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine Q from burn-
chem
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing of a vertical specimen.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten- mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2
to 110 kW/m to the test specimen, which remains constant 1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for com- dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
bustion or upward fire propagation in prescribed flows of
normal air, air enriched with up to 40% oxygen, air oxygen Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
vitiated, pure nitrogen or mixtures of gaseous suppression
agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
measuring heat release rates and exhaust product flows gener-
2. Referenced Documents
atedduringupwardfirepropagationonaverticaltestspecimen
2
0.305 m high.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of mate-
E906Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
rials and products. It is also designed to obtain the transient
Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile
response of such materials and products to prescribed heat
Method
fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to
E1321Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and
obtain laboratory measurements of generation rates of fire
Flame Spread Properties
products (CO , CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for
2
E1354Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
use in fire safety engineering.
Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
sumption Calorimeter
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE05onFire
Standards and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface
2
Burning. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2019.PublishedJuly2019.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2058–13a. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E2058-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2058 − 13a E2058 − 19 An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Measurement of Material Flammability Using a Fire
1
Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2058; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines and quantifies material flammability characteristics, related to the propensity of
materials to support fire propagation, by means of a fire propagation apparatus (FPA). Material flammability characteristics that
are quantified include time to ignition (t ), chemical (Q˙ ), and convective (Q˙ ) heat release rates, mass loss rate (m˙) and
ign chem c
effective heat of combustion (EHC).
1.2 The following test methods, capable of being performed separately and independently, are included herein:
1.2.1 Ignition Test, to determine t for a horizontal specimen;
ign
1.2.2 Combustion Test, to determine Q˙ ,Q˙ ,m˙, and EHC from burning of a horizontal specimen; and,
chem c
1.2.3 Fire Propagation Test, to determine Q˙ from burning of a vertical specimen.
chem
1.3 Distinguishing features of the FPA include tungsten-quartz external, isolated heaters to provide a radiant flux of up to 110
2
kW/m to the test specimen, which remains constant whether the surface regresses or expands; provision for combustion or upward
fire propagation in prescribed flows of normal air, air enriched with up to 40 % oxygen, air oxygen vitiated, pure nitrogen or
mixtures of gaseous suppression agents with the preceding air mixtures; and, the capability of measuring heat release rates and
exhaust product flows generated during upward fire propagation on a vertical test specimen 0.305 m high.
1.4 The FPA is used to evaluate the flammability of materials and products. It is also designed to obtain the transient response
of such materials and products to prescribed heat fluxes in specified inert or oxidizing environments and to obtain laboratory
measurements of generation rates of fire products (CO , CO, and, if desired, gaseous hydrocarbons) for use in fire safety
2
engineering.
1.5 Ignition of the specimen is by means of a pilot flame at a prescribed location with respect to the specimen surface.
1.6 The Fire Propagation test of vertical specimens is not suitable for materials that, on heating, melt sufficiently to form a liquid
pool.
1.7 Values stated are in SI units. Values in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.22 on Surface Burning.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013July 1, 2019. Published November 2013July 2019. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20112013 as
E2058 – 11.E2058 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/E2058-13A.10.1520/E2058-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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