ASTM B831-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Shear Testing of Thin Aluminum Alloy Products
Standard Test Method for Shear Testing of Thin Aluminum Alloy Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The intent of this test method is to provide a means of measuring the ultimate shear strength of thin aluminum alloy wrought and cast products. It is recognized that the loading conditions developed by this test method, and by most others, are not ideal in that they do not strictly satisfy the definitions of pure shear. However, rarely do pure shear conditions exist in structures.
Note 1—Results from this test method are not interchangeable with results from Test Methods B565 and B769. Shear strengths obtained by this test method have been shown to differ from values determined with other methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers single shear testing of thin wrought and cast aluminum alloy products to determine shear ultimate strengths. It is intended for products that are too thin to be tested according to Test Method B769.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ^REFERENCE:
The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of material purchase, unless otherwise noted, form a part of this specification to the extent referenced herein:
ASTM Standards:
B565 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivets and Cold-Heading Wire and Rods
B769 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum Alloys
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
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Designation: B831 − 11
StandardTest Method for
1
Shear Testing of Thin Aluminum Alloy Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* failure in a test fixture using a tension testing machine. The
shear strength is calculated from the maximum force required
1.1 This test method covers single shear testing of thin
to fracture the specimen.
wrought and cast aluminum alloy products to determine shear
ultimate strengths. It is intended for products that are too thin
5. Significance and Use
to be tested according to Test Method B769.
5.1 The intent of this test method is to provide a means of
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
measuring the ultimate shear strength of thin aluminum alloy
as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are provided
wrought and cast products. It is recognized that the loading
for information only.
conditions developed by this test method, and by most others,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the are not ideal in that they do not strictly satisfy the definitions
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of pure shear. However, rarely do pure shear conditions exist in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- structures.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—Results from this test method are not interchangeable with
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
results from Test Methods B565 and B769. Shear strengths obtained by
this test method have been shown to differ from values determined with
2. Referenced Documents
3
other methods.
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the
6. Apparatus
date of material purchase, unless otherwise noted, form a part
6.1 Testing Machines—The testing machines shall conform
of this specification to the extent referenced herein:
totherequirementsofPracticeE4.Themaximumforceusedto
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
determine the shear strength shall be within the verified force
B565 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum and
range of the testing machine as defined in Practice E4.
Aluminum-Alloy Rivets and Cold-Heading Wire and
6.2 Loading Device:
Rods
6.2.1 The device for applying force to the specimen from
B769 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum Alloys
the testing machine shall be a clevis of the type shown in Fig.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1 and shall be made of a hardened steel.
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
3. Terminology 7. Test Specimens
7.1 The specimen size shall be 1.5 in. (38.1 mm) wide by
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to shear
testing in Terminology E6 are applicable to the terms used in 4.5in.(114mm)long.ThespecimengeometryisshowninFig.
2. The specimen thickness shall be the full product thickness
this test method.
for a product thickness of 0.250 in. (6.35 mm) or less. For a
4. Summary of Test Method
product thickness greater than 0.250 in. (6.35 mm), the
4.1 This test method consists of subjecting a full thickness
specimen shall be machined to a thickness of 0.250 in. (6.35
or machined rectangular test specimen to single shear force to mm) by machining equal amounts from each side of the
product. The minimum specimen thickness that can be reason-
1
ably tested will be dictated by the material’s ability to resist
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloyss and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on
buckling around the pin hole area during testing.
Testing.
7.2 The test area to be sheared shall be centered within
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B831 – 05. DOI:
0.001 in. (0.025 mm) of the load line of the specimen.
10.1520/B0831-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Davies, R. E., and Kaufman, J. G., “Effects of Test Method and Specimen
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Orientation on Shear Strengths ofAluminumAlloys,” Proceedings,ASTM, Vol 64,
the ASTM website. 1964.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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B831 − 11
8.1.1 The reference dir
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:B831–05 Designation:B831–11
Standard Test Method for
1
Shear Testing of Thin Aluminum Alloy Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1This test method covers single shear testing of thin wrought and cast aluminum alloy products to determine shear ultimate
strengths.
1.1 This test method covers single shear testing of thin wrought and cast aluminum alloy products to determine shear ultimate
strengths. It is intended for products that are too thin to be tested according to Test Method B769.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values given in parentheses are provided for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of material purchase, unless otherwise noted, form a part of this
specification to the extent referenced herein:
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B565 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivets and Cold-Heading Wire and Rods
B769 Test Method for Shear Testing of Aluminum Alloys
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to shear testing inTerminology E6 are applicable to the terms used in this test
method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method consists of subjecting a full thickness or machined rectangular test specimen to single shear force to failure
in a test fixture using a tension testing machine. The shear strength is calculated from the maximum force required to fracture the
specimen.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The intent of this test method is to provide a means of measuring the ultimate shear strength of thin aluminum alloy wrought
and cast products. Data obtained by this test method are used to calculate minimum properties that can be utilized in the design
of structural members such as found in aircraft. It is recognized that the loading conditions developed by this test method, and by
most others, are not ideal in that they do not strictly satisfy the definitions of pure shear. However, rarely do pure shear conditions
exist in structures.
NOTE1—This test method is not interchangeable with that described in Methods 1—Results from this test method are not interchangeable with results
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys s and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 on Testing.
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published April 2005. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as B831–93 (1998). DOI:
10.1520/B0831-05.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as B831 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/B0831-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B831–11
from Test Methods B565 and B769. Shear strengths obtained by this test method have been shown to varydiffer from those developed by thevalues
3
determined with other methods.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Testing Machines—The testing machines shall conform to the requirements of Practice E4. The maximum force used to
determine the shear strength shall be within the verified force range of the testing machine as defined in Practice E4.
6.2 Loading Device:
6.2.1 The device for applying force to the specimen from the testing machine shall be a clevis of the type shown in Fig. 1 and
shall be made of a hardened steel.
7. Test Specimens
1 1
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