ASTM E1388-24
(Practice)Standard Practice for Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
Standard Practice for Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for use as a sampling technique within a general scheme for the analysis of ignitable liquids and ignitable liquid residues from fire debris samples in accordance with Guide E3245.
4.2 Headspace samples obtained using this practice are screened using a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) or analyzed using a gas chromatograph with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS, refer to Test Method E1618).
4.3 This practice is most applicable for sampling light to medium range ignitable liquids.3, 4, 5, 6 It is not capable of sufficient recovery of heavy range ignitable liquids to support accurate analysis using Test Method E1618.
Note 1: When present in high concentrations, highly volatile compounds can saturate the headspace, inhibiting the recovery of less volatile compounds by this practice. This skewed recovery can lead to the detection or identification of only the more volatile compounds in the sample.
4.4 This practice is useful for sampling fire debris to screen for the presence of ignitable liquid residues prior to extraction with other techniques, such as those described in Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and E2154, and E3189.
4.4.1 This practice is less capable of recovering limited quantities of ignitable liquids than Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, E2154, and E3189, particularly for heavy range compounds.
4.5 This practice only removes a small aliquot of the headspace vapor from a closed container; therefore, the fire debris sample remains in approximately the same condition in which it was submitted, and reanalysis using a new headspace sample, or a different sampling technique, is possible. However, removing multiple headspace samples continually reduces the concentration of ignitable liquid vapors, if originally present, and can eventually result in non-recovery by static headspace sampling.
Note 2: The headspace sample collected using this practice is consumed in the subsequent screening by GC-FID o...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing a vapor sample from the headspace of a fire debris container for the purpose of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid residues.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, E2154, and E3189.)
1.3 This practice is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1388 − 24 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris
1
Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
tration with Activated Charcoal
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing a
E1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
vapor sample from the headspace of a fire debris container for
from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Con-
the purpose of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid resi-
centration onto an Adsorbent Tube
dues.
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the
Documentation
referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413,
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
E2154, and E3189.)
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts
1.3 This practice is intended for use by competent forensic
science practitioners with the requisite formal education, from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demon-
strated proficiency to perform forensic casework. E1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Pas-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
sive Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microex-
standard.
traction (SPME)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E2917 Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Continuing Education, and Professional Development
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Programs
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E3189 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
from Fire Debris Samples by Static Headspace Concen-
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
tration onto an Adsorbent Tube
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E3197 Terminology Relating to Examination of Fire Debris
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E3245 Guide for Systematic Approach to the Extraction,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Analysis, and Classification of Ignitable Liquids and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Ignitable Liquid Residues in Fire Debris Samples
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
E3255 Practice for Quality Assurance of Forensic Science
Service Providers Performing Forensic Chemical Analysis
2. Referenced Documents
2 3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction practice, refer to Terminology E1732 and Terminology E3197.
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice is intended for use as a sampling technique
1
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic within a general scheme for the analysis of ignitable liquids
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.
and ignitable liquid residues from fire debris samples in
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally
accordance with Guide E3245.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E1388 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/E1388-24.
4.2 Headspace samples obtained using this practice are
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
screened using a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
detector (GC-FID) or analyzed using a gas chromatograph with
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. a mass spectrometer (GC-MS, refer to Test Method E1618).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1388 − 17 E1388 − 24 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris
1
Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing a vapor sample from the headspace of a fire debris container for the purpose
of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid residues.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413,
E2154and , and E2154E3189.)
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace
knowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience is intended for use by competent
forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917and should be
used in conjunction with sound professional judgment.), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concentration with
Activated Charcoal
E1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Concentration
onto an Adsorbent Tube
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
1
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.
Current edition approved July 15, 2017March 1, 2024. Published July 2017March 2024. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 as
E1388 – 12.E1388 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/E1388-17.10.1520/E1388-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E1388 − 24
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
E1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace
Concentration with Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME)
E2917 Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training, Continuing Education, and Professional Development Programs
E3189 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Static Headspace Concentration onto
an Adsorbent Tube
E3197 Terminology Relating to Examination of Fire Debris
E2451E3245 Practice for Preserving Guide for Systematic Approach to the Extraction, Analysis, and Classification of Ignitable
Liquids and Ignitable Liquid Residue Extracts from Residues in Fire Debris Samples
E3255 Practice for Quality Assurance of Forensic Science Service Providers Performing Forensic Chemical Analysis
3. Summary of Practice
3.
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