ASTM E1388-17
(Practice)Standard Practice for Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
Standard Practice for Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is useful for sampling fire debris to screen for the presence of ignitable liquid residues prior to extraction with other techniques. It is most appropriate for sampling light to medium range ignitable liquids (such as light oxygenates, lacquer thinners, and other similar volatile compounds or products), and less appropriate for sampling ignitable liquids that have compounds in the heavy range.3, 4, 5
4.1.1 When sampled for screening purposes, the instrumentation typically utilized is a gas chromatograph with either a mass spectrometer (GC-MS, refer to Test Method E1618) or flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
4.2 This practice is generally less efficient at recovering limited quantities of ignitable liquids than Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and E2154, particularly for higher boiling compounds.
4.3 The separation takes place in a closed container and the sample remains in approximately the same condition in which it was submitted. Since only a small aliquot of the sample headspace is removed for analysis, sample reanalysis may be possible.
4.4 High concentrations of highly volatile compounds can saturate the headspace, inhibiting the recovery of less volatile components and leading to the detection or identification of only the more volatile compounds in the sample.
4.5 This practice is intended for use in conjunction with other extraction techniques, such as those described in Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and E2154, when analysis of a sample for all classes of ignitable liquids is required or desired.
Note 1: The headspace specimen (the portion in the syringe) is consumed in the analysis. Preserve an extract for potential reanalysis (see Practice E2451) using an alternative separation and concentration practice, such as those described in Practices E1386, E1412, and E1413, if preservation is required per laboratory policies.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing vapor from the headspace of a fire debris container for the purpose of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid residues.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and E2154.)
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace knowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunction with sound professional judgment.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1388 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris
1
Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
tration with Activated Charcoal
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing
E1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
vapor from the headspace of a fire debris container for the
from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Con-
purpose of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid residues.
centration onto an Adsorbent Tube
1.2 Separationandconcentrationproceduresarelistedinthe
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413,
Documentation
and E2154.)
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E1618 TestMethodforIgnitableLiquidResiduesinExtracts
one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace
knowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
education, training, and experience and should be used in
conjunction with sound professional judgment. E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Pas-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
sive Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microex-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
traction (SPME)
standard.
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignit-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
able Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Summary of Practice
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 The headspace of an item is sampled, preferably in its
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
original container, for analysis by an appropriate technique (for
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
example, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The con-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tainer may be heated prior to sampling to increase the volatility
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of any ignitable liquid residues.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 This practice is useful for sampling fire debris to screen
2. Referenced Documents
for the presence of ignitable liquid residues prior to extraction
2
with other techniques. It is most appropriate for sampling light
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to medium range ignitable liquids (such as light oxygenates,
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
lacquer thinners, and other similar volatile compounds or
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
products), and less appropriate for sampling ignitable liquids
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
3, 4, 5
that have compounds in the heavy range.
4.1.1 When sampled for screening purposes, the instrumen-
1
tation typically utilized is a gas chromatograph with either a
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1388 – 12. DOI:
3
10.1520/E1388-17. Ettling, B. V., and Adams, M. F., “The Study of Accelerant Residues in Fire
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Remains,” Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol 13, No. 1, 1968, pp. 76–89.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stauffer, E., Dolan, J.A., and Newman, R., Fire Debris Analysis, Boston, MA:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Academic Press, 2008.
5
the ASTM website. Hinshaw, J. V., “Headspace Sampling,” LCGC Europe, Vol 24, No. 10, 2011.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1388 − 12 E1388 − 17
Standard Practice for
Static Headspace Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire
1
Debris Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing small quantities of ignitable liquid vapor from samples of fire debris by
sampling vapor from the headspace of the debris container.a fire debris container for the purpose of detecting or identifying
ignitable liquid residues.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and
E2154.)
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace
knowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate education, training, and experience and should be used in conjunction
with sound professional judgment.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concentration With
Activated Charcoal
E1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Concentration
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace
Concentration with Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME)
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignitable Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 The sample, headspace of an item is sampled, preferably in its original container, is heated in order to volatilize any ignitable
liquid residues present in the debris. After heating, the headspace is sampled and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry.for analysis by an appropriate technique (for example, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The container may
be heated prior to sampling to increase the volatility of any ignitable liquid residues.
1
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012July 15, 2017. Published March 2012July 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20052012 as
E1388 – 05.E1388 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/E1388-12.10.1520/E1388-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1388 − 17
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This procedurepractice is particularly useful for screeningsampling fire debris samples to determine relative ignitable liquid
concentrations and possible ignitable liquid class to screen for the presence of ignitable liquid residues prior to extraction with
other techniques. It is most app
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1388 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Static Headspace Sampling of Vapors from Fire Debris
1
Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
tration with Activated Charcoal
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing
E1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
vapor from the headspace of a fire debris container for the
from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Con-
purpose of detecting or identifying ignitable liquid residues.
centration onto an Adsorbent Tube
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413,
Documentation
and E2154.)
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
1.3 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
one or more specific operations. This standard cannot replace E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts
from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
knowledge, skill, or ability acquired through appropriate
education, training, and experience and should be used in Spectrometry
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
conjunction with sound professional judgment.
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Pas-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
sive Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microex-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
traction (SPME)
standard.
E2451 Practice for Preserving Ignitable Liquids and Ignit-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
able Liquid Residue Extracts from Fire Debris Samples
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Summary of Practice
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 The headspace of an item is sampled, preferably in its
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
original container, for analysis by an appropriate technique (for
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
example, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The con-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tainer may be heated prior to sampling to increase the volatility
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of any ignitable liquid residues.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 This practice is useful for sampling fire debris to screen
2. Referenced Documents
for the presence of ignitable liquid residues prior to extraction
2
with other techniques. It is most appropriate for sampling light
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to medium range ignitable liquids (such as light oxygenates,
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
lacquer thinners, and other similar volatile compounds or
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
products), and less appropriate for sampling ignitable liquids
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
3, 4, 5
that have compounds in the heavy range.
4.1.1 When sampled for screening purposes, the instrumen-
1
tation typically utilized is a gas chromatograph with either a
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1388 – 12. DOI:
3
10.1520/E1388-17. Ettling, B. V., and Adams, M. F., “The Study of Accelerant Residues in Fire
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Remains,” Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol 13, No. 1, 1968, pp. 76–89.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Stauffer, E., Dolan, J. A., and Newman, R., Fire Debris Analysis, Boston, MA:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Academic Press, 2008.
5
the ASTM website. Hinshaw, J. V., “Headspace Sampling,” LCGC Europe, Vol 24, No. 10, 2011.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 --------------------
...
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