ASTM D892-11a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The tendency of oils to foam can be a serious problem in systems such as high-speed gearing, high-volume pumping, and splash lubrication. Inadequate lubrication, cavitation, and overflow loss of lubricant can lead to mechanical failure. This test method is used in the evaluation of oils for such operating conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C. Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described.
1.2 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
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Designation: D892 − 11a
Designation:146/2000 British Standard 5092
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foam-
ity)
ing characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C.
D6082Test Method for HighTemperature Foaming Charac-
Means of empirically rating the foaming tendency and the
teristics of Lubricating Oils
stability of the foam are described.
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
E128Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Perme-
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
ability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
E1272Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
ders
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma- 3. Terminology
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
3.1 Definitions:
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
fluid.
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method the diffuser may be
may be prohibited by law.
made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid
only.
is the major component on a volumetric basis.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.2.1 Discussion—Entrained air (or gas) may form micro
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sizebubblesinliquidsthatarenotuniformlydispersedandthat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- may coalesce to form larger bubbles below or at the surface
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which break or form foam.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in
warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
oronthesurfaceofaliquidinwhichtheairorgasisthemajor
component on a volumetric basis.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them. D6082
3.1.4.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricant is an
1
oil which may or may not contain additives such as foam
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
inhibitors.
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
3.1.5 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion, the
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D892–11. diameter of a circular cross-section of a capillary is equivalent
DOI:10.1520/D0892-11a.
to the largest pore of the diffuser under consideration.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The pore dimension is expressed in
Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and
micrometres (µm).
accepted by the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.1.6 permeability, n— in gas diffusion, the rate of a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
substance that passes through a material (diffuser) under given
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. conditions.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D892 − 11a
FIG. 1 Foaming Test Apparatus
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
British Standard 5092
Designation:D892–11 Designation:D892–11a
Designation: 146/2000
Standard Test Method for
1
Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D892; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming characteristics of lubricating oils at 24°C and 93.5°C. Means of
empirically rating the foaming tendency and the stability of the foam are described.
1.2 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.1.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D6082 Test Method for High Temperature Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Permeability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 diffuser, n—for gas, a device for dispersing gas into a fluid.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method the diffuser may be made of either metallic or non-metallic materials.
3.1.2 entrained air (or gas), n—in liquids, a two-phase mixture of air (or gas) dispersed in a liquid in which the liquid is the
major component on a volumetric basis.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Entrainedair(orgas)mayformmicrosizebubblesinliquidsthatarenotuniformlydispersedandthatmay
coalesce to form larger bubbles below or at the surface which break or form foam.
3.1.3 foam, n—in liquids, a collection of bubbles formed in or on the surface of a liquid in which the air or gas is the major
component on a volumetric basis.
3.1.4 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two surfaces that reduces friction or wear between them. D6082
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Inthistestmethod,thelubricantisanoilwhichmayormaynotcontainadditivessuchasfoaminhibitors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved Jan.Oct. 1, 2011. Published FebruaryNovember 2011. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as D892–101.
DOI:10.1520/D0892-11a.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by
the cooperating societies in accordance with established procedures.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D892–11a
3.1.5 maximum pore diameter, n—in gas diffusion, the diameter of a circular cross-section of a capillary is equivalent to the
largest pore of the diffuser under consider
...
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