ASTM E1854-13
(Practice)Standard Practice for Ensuring Test Consistency in Neutron-Induced Displacement Damage of Electronic Parts
Standard Practice for Ensuring Test Consistency in Neutron-Induced Displacement Damage of Electronic Parts
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice was written primarily to guide test participants in establishing, identifying, maintaining, and using suitable environments for conducting high quality neutron tests. Its development was motivated, in large measure, because inadequate controls in the neutron-effects-test process have in some past instances resulted in exposures that have differed by factors of three or more from irradiation specifications. A radiation test environment generally differs from the environment in which the electronics must operate (the operational environment); therefore, a high quality test requires not only the use of a suitable radiation environment, but also control and compensation for contributions to damage that differ from those in the operational environment. In general, the responsibility for identifying suitable test environments to accomplish test objectives lies with the sponsor/user/tester and test specialist part of the team, with the assistance of an independent validator, if available. The responsibility for the establishment and maintenance of suitable environments lies with the facility operator/dosimetrist and test specialist, again with the possible assistance of an independent validator. Additional guidance on the selection of an irradiation facility is provided in Practice F1190.
4.2 This practice identifies the tasks that must be accomplished to ensure a successful high quality test. It is the overall responsibility of the sponsor or user to ensure that all of the required tasks are complete and conditions are met. Other participants provide appropriate documentation to enable the sponsor or user to make that determination.
4.3 The principal determinants of a properly conducted test are: (1) the radiation test environment shall be well characterized, controlled, and correlated with the specified irradiation levels; (2) damage produced in the electronic materials and devices is caused by the desired, specified component of the environment a...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice sets forth requirements to ensure consistency in neutron-induced displacement damage testing of silicon and gallium arsenide electronic piece parts. This requires controls on facility, dosimetry, tester, and communications processes that affect the accuracy and reproducibility of these tests. It provides background information on the technical basis for the requirements and additional recommendations on neutron testing.
1.2 Methods are presented for ensuring and validating consistency in neutron displacement damage testing of electronic parts such as integrated circuits, transistors, and diodes. The issues identified and the controls set forth in this practice address the characterization and suitability of the radiation environments. They generally apply to reactor sources, accelerator-based neutron sources, such as 14-MeV DT sources, and 252Cf sources. Facility and environment characteristics that introduce complications or problems are identified, and recommendations are offered to recognize, minimize or eliminate these problems. This practice may be used by facility users, test personnel, facility operators, and independent process validators to determine the suitability of a specific environment within a facility and of the testing process as a whole. Electrical measurements are addressed in other standards, such as Guide F980. Additional information on conducting irradiations can be found in Practices E798 and F1190. This practice also may be of use to test sponsors (organizations that establish test specifications or otherwise have a vested interest in the performance of electronics in neutron environments).
1.3 Methods for the evaluation and control of undesired contributions to damage are discussed in this practice. References to relevant ASTM standards and technical reports are provided. Processes and methods used to arrive at the appropriate test environments and specification levels f...
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Designation: E1854 − 13
Standard Practice for
Ensuring Test Consistency in Neutron-Induced
1
Displacement Damage of Electronic Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope systems are beyond the scope of this practice; however, the
process for determining the 1-MeV equivalent displacement
1.1 This practice sets forth requirements to ensure consis-
specifications from operational environment neutron spectra
tency in neutron-induced displacement damage testing of
should employ the methods and parameters described herein.
silicon and gallium arsenide electronic piece parts. This re-
Some important considerations and recommendations are ad-
quires controls on facility, dosimetry, tester, and communica-
dressed in Appendix X1 (Nonmandatory information).
tions processes that affect the accuracy and reproducibility of
thesetests.Itprovidesbackgroundinformationonthetechnical 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
basis for the requirements and additional recommendations on standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
neutron testing. standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 Methods are presented for ensuring and validating
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
consistency in neutron displacement damage testing of elec-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tronic parts such as integrated circuits, transistors, and diodes.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
The issues identified and the controls set forth in this practice
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
address the characterization and suitability of the radiation
environments. They generally apply to reactor sources,
2. Referenced Documents
accelerator-based neutron sources, such as 14-MeV DT
252
sources, and Cf sources. Facility and environment charac-
2.1 The ASTM standards listed below present methods for
teristics that introduce complications or problems are
ensuring proper determination of neutron spectra and fluences,
identified, and recommendations are offered to recognize,
gamma-ray doses, and damage in silicon and gallium arsenide
minimize or eliminate these problems. This practice may be
devices.The proper use of these standards is the responsibility
used by facility users, test personnel, facility operators, and
of the radiation metrology or dosimetry organization affiliated
independent process validators to determine the suitability of a
with facility operations. The references listed in each standard
specificenvironmentwithinafacilityandofthetestingprocess
are also relevant to all participants as background material for
as a whole. Electrical measurements are addressed in other
testing consistency.
standards, such as Guide F980. Additional information on
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
conducting irradiations can be found in Practices E798 and
E170Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and
F1190. This practice also may be of use to test sponsors
Dosimetry
(organizations that establish test specifications or otherwise
E181Test Methods for Detector Calibration andAnalysis of
have a vested interest in the performance of electronics in
Radionuclides
neutron environments).
E261Practice for Determining Neutron Fluence, Fluence
1.3 Methods for the evaluation and control of undesired
Rate, and Spectra by Radioactivation Techniques
contributions to damage are discussed in this practice. Refer-
E262Test Method for Determining Thermal Neutron Reac-
ences to relevant ASTM standards and technical reports are
tion Rates and Thermal Neutron Fluence Rates by Radio-
provided. Processes and methods used to arrive at the appro-
activation Techniques
priatetestenvironmentsandspecificationlevelsforelectronics
E263Test Method for Measuring Fast-Neutron Reaction
Rates by Radioactivation of Iron
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear
Technology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
E10.07 on Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E1854 - 07. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E1854-13. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Ba
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1854 − 07 E1854 − 13
Standard Practice for
Ensuring Test Consistency in Neutron-Induced
1
Displacement Damage of Electronic Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice sets forth requirements to ensure consistency in neutron-induced displacement damage testing of silicon and
gallium arsenide electronic piece parts. This requires controls on facility, dosimetry, tester, and communications processes that
affect the accuracy and reproducibility of these tests. It provides background information on the technical basis for the requirements
and additional recommendations on neutron testing. In addition to neutrons, reactors are used to provide gamma-ray pulses of
intensities and durations that are not achievable elsewhere. This practice also provides background information and recommen-
dations on gamma-ray testing of electronics using nuclear reactors.
1.2 Methods are presented for ensuring and validating consistency in neutron displacement damage testing of electronic parts
such as integrated circuits, transistors, and diodes. The issues identified and the controls set forth in this practice address the
characterization and suitability of the radiation environments. They generally apply to reactor and 14-MeV neutron sources when
used for displacement damage testing, and apply to sources, accelerator-based neutron sources, such as 14-MeV DT sources, and
252
Cf testing when this source is used for this application. sources. Facility and environment characteristics that introduce
complications or problems are identified, and recommendations are offered as to how problems can be recognized and minimized
or solved. to recognize, minimize or eliminate these problems. This practice may be used by facility users, test personnel, facility
operators, and independent process validators to determine the suitability of a specific environment within a facility and of the
testing process as a whole, with the exception of the electrical measurements, which whole. Electrical measurements are addressed
in other standards. standards, such as Guide F980. Additional information on conducting irradiations can be found in Practices
E798 and F1190. This practice also may be of use to test sponsors (that is, organizations (organizations that establish test
specifications or otherwise have a vested interest in the performance of electronics in neutron environments).
1.3 Methods for the evaluation and control of undesired contributorscontributions to damage are discussed in this practice, and
references practice. References to relevant ASTM standards and technical reports are provided. Processes and methods used to
arrive at the appropriate test environments and specification levels for electronics systems are beyond the scope of this practice;
however, the process for determining the 1-MeV equivalent displacement specifications from operational environment neutron
spectra should employ the methods and parameters described herein. Some important considerations and recommendations are
addressed in Appendix X1 through X1.3.1(Nonmandatory information).information).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The ASTM standards listed below present methods for ensuring proper determination of neutron spectra and fluences,
gamma-ray doses, and damage in silicon and gallium arsenide devices. The proper use of these standards is the responsibility of
the radiation metrology or dosimetry organization that is often closely affiliated with facility operations. The references listed in
each standard are also relevant to all participants as background material for testing consistency.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear Technology and Applicationsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E10.07 on
Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation
...
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